Other articles of leather or composition leather (including articles of a kind used in machinery or mechanical appliances or for other technical uses) n.e.c.

1. Scope and Applicability

This rule covers an accepted finished article whose defining material is leather or leather-fibre composition leather and that is not assigned to a more specific leather-goods class. Declare the article's function, design, material share and bill of materials. The starting foreground process receives finished leather or composition leather and components and ends with accepted, packaged article at the factory gate. Upstream supply datasets are required for inputs. Use and end-of-life are outside this product-stage rule. The residual CPC title and neighboring specific classes are documented in un-cpc-2025; classify the actual article before applying this rule.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.leather-and-leather-products-footwear.other-articles-of-leather-or-composition-leather-including-articles-of-a-kind-used-in-m-48f68eb5
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 29290, candidate correspondence only; mapping acceptance is separate.
covered_products	Finished miscellaneous leather or leather-fibre composition-leather articles, including technical cut or assembled articles, when not classified more specifically.
excluded_products	Unconverted leather sheet; luggage and handbags; saddlery and harness; watch straps; footwear; apparel and clothing accessories; products whose defining material is not leather or composition leather.
representative_product	One specified finished leather or composition-leather article with declared function and configuration.
production_route	Cutting or punching of purchased finished sheet, followed by applicable stitching, riveting or bonding, inspection and packing.
market_state	Accepted finished article at factory gate, net of transport packaging; packaging is a separate inventory input when supplied.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	One specified accepted finished miscellaneous leather or composition-leather article.
How much	1 kg accepted net article mass.
How well	Meets the declared drawing, material specification and acceptance criteria.
How long or cycle	One production lot at factory gate; service life is outside this product-stage boundary.
reference_flow_link	finished_article

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Other finished article of leather or composition leather, n.e.c.
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Article type and technical function; configuration and dimensions; natural or leather-fibre composition-leather route; leather species where relevant; acceptance specification; factory geography and period; net output mass.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	finished_article	Mass	kg	Measure accepted net article mass with a calibrated scale, excluding transport packaging; reconcile rejected units and returns.
inventory_basis	all inventory rows	Mass or flow-specific property	row unit	Report each applicable exchange per 1 kg reference flow using the same accepted output lot and mass denominator; retain raw meter and ledger records.
electricity_conversion	electricity_ac	Net calorific value	MJ	Convert metered kWh to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; retain the original kWh record and voltage/supply disclosure.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased finished leather or leather-fibre composition-leather sheet and other specified inputs enter fabrication.
starting_condition_role	Foreground gate-to-gate fabrication start; upstream supply burdens are linked as separate datasets.
product_classification_scope	One specified article within the residual leather-article boundary, subject to actual product classification review.
recursive_input_rule	If a purchased input is another article covered by this PCR, represent it as a separate upstream dataset and stop same-category recursion at the declared purchase boundary.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link traceable upstream datasets for leather or composition leather, thread, adhesive, rivets, electricity and packaging actually used; disclose unresolved matches.
disclosure	Record material composition, function, included operations, product mass, co-products, offcut treatment, packaging and excluded stages.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	product_stage	Include fabrication from purchased finished material through accepted factory-gate article and the upstream supply of all included inputs.	un-cpc-2025
boundary_conditional_routes	foreground_operations	Include stitching, riveting, bonding and box packing only when recorded for the declared product configuration.	ilo-isco68-1969

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
article_fabrication	Leather-article cutting, assembly and inspection	required	Always for an accepted article; individual joining and packing exchanges apply only when present in the bill of materials.	Foreground production	per 1 kg reference flow

Process: Leather-article cutting, assembly and inspection (article_fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

Finished bovine leather sheet (finished_bovine_leather)

When natural leather is used, record only incoming accepted finished bovine leather cut for this article.

• Selected flow: Finished bovine leather sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: un-cpc-2025

Composition leather sheet made from leather fibres (composition_leather_sheet)

Include only when leather-fibre composition leather is actually used; supplier composition and incoming mass must be documented.

• Selected flow: Composition leather sheet made from leather fibres
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: un-cpc-2025

Polyester sewing thread (polyester_sewing_thread)

Include only for stitched construction; weigh issued thread and reconcile unused returns.

• Selected flow: Polyester sewing thread
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: ilo-isco68-1969

Solvent free polyurethane adhesive (pu_adhesive)

Include only when this exact adhesive formulation is used for bonding; use net consumed formulated mass.

• Selected flow: Solvent free polyurethane adhesive 669d2f68-79e9-47c2-96fa-316fc7d33b62
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: ilo-isco68-1969

Steel rivet (steel_rivet)

Include only where steel rivets fasten the article; use issued mass less returned unused rivets.

• Selected flow: Steel rivet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: ilo-isco68-1969

Purchased alternating-current electricity (electricity_ac)

Meter cutting, sewing, pressing and assembly electricity attributable to the accepted article lot.

• Selected flow: Purchased alternating-current electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources:

corrugated board boxes (corrugated_box)

Include only where the producer supplies a corrugated box with the finished article; weigh boxes used.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Record the attributable exchange from foreground records per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Other finished article of leather or composition leather, n.e.c. (finished_article)

Weigh accepted finished articles net of transport packaging; one reference flow is 1 kg of this accepted output.

• Selected flow: Other finished article of leather or composition leather, n.e.c.
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output
• Sources: un-cpc-2025

Waste flows

Segregated leather offcut (leather_offcut)

When bovine leather is cut, segregate and weigh offcuts leaving the fabrication process.

• Selected flow: Bovine leather cutting offcut waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weigh segregated waste per 1 kg reference flow.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide	shared_operations	Prefer separate meters and material issue records for each article family and production line.
allocation_shared	unavoidable_shared_inputs	If direct subdivision is impossible, allocate shared input by measured machine time for equipment energy or measured net material issue for material handling; record numerator, denominator and sensitivity.
allocation_recycling	leather_offcuts	Record offcut mass and actual destination separately; do not assume a recycling credit without an explicit downstream system and allocation method.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_output	article_fabrication	accepted article	weighing and acceptance log	article ID; configuration; accepted net mass; rejected mass	Weigh accepted articles on a calibrated scale without transport packaging and reconcile acceptance records.	kg	each lot	declared production period	article line	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration record; signed acceptance log
cp_material	article_fabrication	each material input	issue and return ledger	material SKU; formulation; issued mass; returned mass; lot	Record net material consumed for this article lot; verify supplier specification and bill of materials.	kg	each lot	declared production period	article line	per 1 kg reference flow	supplier specification; issue ledger
cp_energy	article_fabrication	purchased AC electricity	electricity meter	meter ID; kWh; period; voltage; article lot	Read a dedicated meter or allocate shared meter electricity by documented machine time; convert kWh to MJ.	MJ	each lot	declared production period	article line	per 1 kg reference flow	meter readings; allocation worksheet
cp_waste	article_fabrication	bovine leather offcut	waste weighing and transfer log	material ID; offcut mass; destination; lot	Segregate and weigh cutting offcuts before transfer to treatment or recovery.	kg	each lot	declared production period	article line	per 1 kg reference flow	waste scale record; transfer note

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	all inventory rows	Record article configuration, material species or composition, joining method and actual supplier product; do not substitute a category proxy for unresolved UUIDs.	drawing; bill of materials; supplier specification
dq_mass_balance	material and output rows	Reconcile issued material, accepted product, offcuts and documented rejects by material route; explain any unexplained mass difference.	issue ledger; scales; reject log
dq_period	all rows	Use the same site, article configuration and declared production period for numerator and accepted output denominator.	lot and meter timestamps

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_reference	reference_product	Require one article configuration, accepted net output mass and 1 kg reference basis; reject packaged gross mass as the denominator.
validate_atomic_flows	inventory	Require a separate physical exchange for each input, waste and output; check conditional rows against actual bill of materials.
validate_uuids	unresolved_flows	Do not claim a public Tiangong match for unresolved rows; require later exact state-100 direct-read review before release.
validate_balance	material_balance	Check leather and composition-leather issued amounts against accepted articles, segregated offcuts and rejects, and disclose unexplained differences.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground product-stage article fabrication dataset.
downstream_use	May feed process or lifecyclemodel after upstream input datasets are linked and unresolved identities are reviewed.
allowed_use	One declared article configuration, material route, site and period.
excluded_use	Automatic use as a generic factor for all CPC 29290 goods, use-phase or end-of-life modelling, and unreviewed UUID substitution.
required_metadata	Article function, configuration, leather material specification, mass basis, joining operations, packaging, site and period.
required_quality_disclosure	Unresolved flow identities, missing source-backed ranges, shared-meter allocation, rejects and waste destinations.
update_trigger	Change in article design, leather composition, joining technology, site energy supply or packing specification.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-2025	official_guidance	UN Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	Classification identity and adjacent exclusions, not a production factor.
ilo-isco68-1969	official_guidance	International Labour Office, International Standard Classification of Occupations, revised edition 1968, published 1969, p. 193, https://webapps.ilo.org/ilostat-files/ISCO/newdocs-08-2021/Previous%20versions%20of%20ISCO/ISCO-68/ISCO-68%20EN%20Structure%20and%20defnitions.pdf	Cutting, sewing, fastening and assembly operations only; historical occupational description, not quantitative LCA evidence.