Cinnamon (canella), processed

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR defines foreground data-production rules for dried, cleaned, graded whole Cinnamomum cassia bark sticks delivered in bulk cartons at the processing-facility gate. The locked representative route receives freshly peeled inner bark, uses dry cleaning, electrically heated forced-air drying at 45 °C, grading and cutting without grinding, and ambient dry storage. It does not average whole-bark and powder routes.

Ground cinnamon, bark powder, chips intended for milling or oil extraction, essential oil, extracts, compound quills made from another declared species, cultivation, stem harvesting, bark peeling, steam sterilization, fumigation, irradiation, fuel-fired drying, wet bark washing, refrigerated storage, retail packaging, and downstream transport are outside this locked route. A foreground package containing an excluded operation requires a separately declared route-specific dataset and shall not be averaged into this one.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.grain-mill-products-starches-and-starch-products-other-food-products.cinnamon-canella-processed
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 23925 — Cinnamon (canella), processed
covered_products	Dried, cleaned, graded whole Cinnamomum cassia bark sticks retaining recognizable bark form and sold as food spice in bulk cartons.
excluded_products	Powder, ground cinnamon, chips for milling or extraction, bark oil, extracts, mixed-species products, composite Ceylon quills, wet or undried bark, and retail-ready packs.
representative_product	Whole cassia bark sticks, moisture content at or below 14% wet basis, bulk packed in corrugated fibreboard cartons with polypropylene liners.
production_route	Freshly peeled inner bark receipt; dry cleaning; 45 °C electrically heated forced-air drying; grading and cutting; bulk packaging; ambient dry storage; gate release.
market_state	Food-grade, dry, intact bark sticks; declared species, origin, grade, stick length, moisture result, batch, packaging configuration, and no-grinding status.

3. Reference Flow

Functional Unit

Field	Value
What	Provision of dried, cleaned, graded whole Cinnamomum cassia bark sticks at the processing-facility gate.
How much	1 kg net product mass.
How well	Moisture content ≤14% wet basis; recognizable whole bark form; declared species, origin, grade, stick length, batch, packaging, and no-grinding status; conforms to applicable food-safety specifications.
How long or cycle	One production batch, normalized to 1 kg gate product.
reference_flow_link	reference_whole_cinnamon_bark

Tiangong Reference Flow Object

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Cinnamon (canella), processed 3955425f-128e-48d4-b46e-04bf9ee70c22
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species=Cinnamomum cassia; product_form=whole_bark_sticks; drying_route=electric_forced_air_45C; moisture_basis=wet_basis; moisture_percent; grade; stick_length_mm; origin; batch_id; packaging=corrugated_carton_with_pp_liner; grinding=none

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and all material or waste mass rows	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize net output and all mass flows to 1 kg reference product; retain unrounded batch totals.
moisture_wet_basis	Incoming and dried bark	Mass fraction	% wet basis	Calculate moisture_percent = 100 * water_mass / wet_sample_mass; do not mix wet-basis and dry-basis results.
electricity_metering	Dryer, grader, packer, sanitation, and ambient-store electricity	Electrical energy	kWh	Record submetered kWh by unit operation; allocate only shared metered use using documented operating time or throughput.
packaging_net_mass	Carton, polypropylene liner, label, and strapping	Mass	kg	Record each packaging material separately from invoice mass, item count multiplied by measured item mass, or issue records.
wastewater_mass	Sanitation wastewater	Mass or volume	kg or m3	Preserve measured unit and density assumption; do not combine wastewater with elementary emissions to water.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	fresh_peeled_inner_bark_received
starting_condition_role	First foreground-controlled state: freshly peeled Cinnamomum cassia inner bark delivered to the processing facility before dry cleaning.
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 23925 represented only by the locked whole-bark-stick route.
recursive_input_rule	Any purchased processed cinnamon input already in CPC 23925 shall be recorded as a separate same-category product input with supplier dataset and form qualifier; it cannot be relabelled as fresh peeled bark or blended into foreground yield.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Supplier dataset or disclosure for cultivation, harvesting, peeling, origin, species, incoming moisture, and delivered fresh-bark mass.
disclosure	Declare species, origin, incoming and final moisture, dryer set point, rejected bark, dust controls, sanitation method, packaging masses, storage conditions, and every deviation from the locked route.

Normative Boundary Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_locked_product_form	Entire dataset	Include only whole bark sticks. Powder, grinding, chips for extraction, and oil production are outside the dataset and shall not be averaged with it.	unido-postharvest-spices-2006; arifin-et-al-2021-koerintji
boundary_same_day_drying	Receipt and drying	Minimize elapsed time between receipt and drying; record any hold and disposition of mould-affected bark.	codex-cxc-78-2017
boundary_no_route_substitution	Drying and post-treatment	The representative route is electrically heated forced-air drying at 45 °C with no steam, fuel combustion, irradiation, fumigation, refrigeration, or wet bark washing. Presence of any excluded operation requires a separate route-specific dataset.	li-et-al-2024-cassia-drying; codex-cxc-78-2017
boundary_supporting_operations	Facility operations	Include batch-attributable sanitation, packaging, ambient dry storage, wastewater, solid waste, and direct releases.	codex-cxc-1-1969; unido-postharvest-spices-2006

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
bark_receipt_and_dry_cleaning	Bark receipt and dry cleaning	required	Always included.	Verify incoming identity and remove foreign matter and nonconforming bark without wet washing.	kg accepted fresh peeled bark
electric_hot_air_drying	45 °C electric hot-air drying	required	Always included for the locked route.	Reduce bark moisture while retaining whole bark form.	kg dried bark
grading_and_stick_cutting	Grading and stick cutting	required	Always included.	Grade intact bark and cut to declared stick length without milling.	kg graded whole bark sticks
bulk_carton_packaging	Bulk carton packaging	required	Always included.	Pack whole sticks in corrugated cartons with PP liners and identify the batch.	kg net packed product
ambient_dry_storage	Ambient dry storage and gate release	required	Always included; mechanical refrigeration is prohibited in the locked route.	Maintain dry, pest-protected product and release the reference flow.	kg reference product
facility_sanitation	Facility and equipment sanitation	conditional	Include attributable sanitation performed for the batch or allocated reporting period; wet bark washing remains excluded.	Sanitation support for the locked route.	kg reference product

Process: Bark receipt and dry cleaning (bark_receipt_and_dry_cleaning)

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh peeled cassia inner bark (fresh_peeled_cassia_bark_input)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: fresh_peeled_cassia_inner_bark
• Selected flow: fresh_peeled_cassia_inner_bark
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_received_wet_mass_per_batch
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured wet mass received before rejection.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bark_mass_moisture
• Quality evidence: calibrated_receiving_scale_delivery_record_species_origin_and_moisture_sample
• Range: Provisional fresh-bark input screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 1.1
  • Upper: 3.0
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: broad initial range before site yield evidence
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary flow enters this process.

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted cleaned bark (accepted_cleaned_bark_output)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: accepted_dry_cleaned_cassia_bark
• Selected flow: accepted_dry_cleaned_cassia_bark
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: received_mass_minus_separately_weighed_rejects
• Unit: kg
• Amount: accepted_cleaned_bark_kg = fresh_peeled_cassia_bark_input_kg - foreign_matter_kg - mould_damaged_bark_kg
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per received batch, then per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_bark_mass_moisture
• Quality evidence: signed_batch_mass_balance

Waste flows

Removed foreign matter (removed_foreign_matter_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: foreign_matter_from_bark_dry_cleaning
• Selected flow: foreign_matter_from_bark_dry_cleaning
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_removed_material
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured stones, soil, plant debris, string, plastic, and other foreign matter; keep disposal fates separate in raw records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg accepted cleaned bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: labelled_waste_container_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Mould-damaged or nonconforming bark (mould_damaged_bark_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: mould_damaged_or_nonconforming_cassia_bark
• Selected flow: mould_damaged_or_nonconforming_cassia_bark
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_rejected_bark
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured rejected bark; record treatment or disposal and prohibit return to product.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg accepted cleaned bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: rejection_log_scale_ticket_and_disposition_record
• Sources: codex-cxc-78-2017

Elementary flows

Fugitive bark dust to air (receipt_bark_dust_to_air)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: cinnamon_bark_dust_to_air_at_receipt
• Selected flow: cinnamon_bark_dust_to_air_at_receipt
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: measured_or_mass_balance_uncontrolled_dust_release
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured release or generated_dust_kg - collected_dust_kg; do not use a negative result.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg accepted cleaned bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: dust_collection_mass_and_control_device_operating_record
• Range: Provisional fugitive-dust screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted cleaned bark
  • Basis: broad initial range pending site measurements
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: 45 °C electric hot-air drying (electric_hot_air_drying)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted cleaned bark input (accepted_cleaned_bark_input_to_dryer)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: accepted_dry_cleaned_cassia_bark
• Selected flow: accepted_dry_cleaned_cassia_bark
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_dryer_charge_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured bark charged to the dryer.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per dryer batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bark_mass_moisture
• Quality evidence: dryer_charge_scale_record_and_batch_link

Electricity for resistive heating (dryer_heater_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_resistive_dryer_heating
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_resistive_dryer_heating
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: dedicated_electricity_meter
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered electricity used by heating elements during the batch.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dried bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_operation_electricity
• Quality evidence: calibrated_submeter_start_end_readings_and_batch_time
• Range: Provisional heater-electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.2
  • Upper: 5.0
  • Unit: kWh/kg dried bark
  • Basis: broad initial electric heating range
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity for fans and controls (dryer_fan_control_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_dryer_fans_and_controls
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_dryer_fans_and_controls
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: dedicated_or_panel_submeter
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered fan, conveyor, sensor, and control electricity excluding heater electricity.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dried bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_operation_electricity
• Quality evidence: submeter_or_power_runtime_record_reconciled_to_site_bill
• Range: Provisional fan-and-control electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.01
  • Upper: 1.0
  • Unit: kWh/kg dried bark
  • Basis: broad initial auxiliary electricity range
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary flow enters this process. Steam, hot water, fuels, and refrigerants are prohibited for the locked dryer route.

Outputs

Product flows

Dried whole bark (dried_whole_bark_output)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: dried_whole_cassia_bark_before_grading
• Selected flow: dried_whole_cassia_bark_before_grading
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_dryer_discharge_mass_and_final_moisture
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured discharge mass after reaching moisture content ≤14% wet basis.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per dryer batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bark_mass_moisture
• Quality evidence: calibrated_discharge_scale_moisture_test_temperature_time_log
• Sources: sri-lanka-cinnamon-postharvest; li-et-al-2024-cassia-drying

Waste flows

No waste output is expected; separately record any scorched or contaminated bark under mould_damaged_bark_waste with a drying-stage tag.

Elementary flows

Water evaporated from bark to air (bark_water_to_air)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: water_to_air_from_cinnamon_bark_drying
• Selected flow: water_to_air_from_cinnamon_bark_drying
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: wet_basis_moisture_mass_balance
• Unit: kg
• Amount: bark_water_to_air_kg = dryer_charge_kg * incoming_moisture_fraction - dried_bark_kg * final_moisture_fraction
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dried bark
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Collection protocol: cp_bark_mass_moisture
• Quality evidence: paired_mass_and_moisture_results_with_nonnegative_mass_balance
• Sources: mass-balance-identity

Process: Grading and stick cutting (grading_and_stick_cutting)

Inputs

Product flows

Dried bark input (dried_bark_input_to_grading)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: dried_whole_cassia_bark_before_grading
• Selected flow: dried_whole_cassia_bark_before_grading
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_grader_feed_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured dried bark entering grading and cutting.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_grade_cut_yield
• Quality evidence: batch_link_and_calibrated_feed_scale

Electricity for grading and cutting (grader_cutter_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_grading_and_stick_cutting
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_grading_and_stick_cutting
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: submeter_or_power_runtime
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered or power-times-runtime electricity for graders, conveyors, and cutters.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg graded whole bark sticks
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_operation_electricity
• Quality evidence: submeter_or_nameplate_runtime_record_reconciled_to_operating_log
• Range: Provisional grading-electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.001
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kWh/kg graded whole bark sticks
  • Basis: broad initial grading and cutting range
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary flow enters this process.

Outputs

Product flows

Graded whole bark sticks (graded_whole_bark_sticks)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: graded_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Selected flow: graded_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_accepted_grade_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured accepted whole-stick mass meeting declared grade and length; no powder fraction is included.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_grade_cut_yield
• Quality evidence: grade_sheet_length_check_no_grinding_declaration_and_scale_record
• Sources: arifin-et-al-2021-koerintji

Waste flows

Bark trimming residue (bark_trimming_residue_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: cinnamon_bark_trimming_residue_not_sold
• Selected flow: cinnamon_bark_trimming_residue_not_sold
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_trim_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured non-saleable trims. If sold, model a separate co-product and apply the allocation rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg graded whole bark sticks
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: labelled_trim_container_scale_ticket_and_fate_record
• Range: Mass-balance QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg dried bark input
  • Basis: trimming residue fraction of grading input
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Collected bark dust (collected_bark_dust_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: collected_cinnamon_bark_dust
• Selected flow: collected_cinnamon_bark_dust
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: weighed_dust_collection_container
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured captured dust from grading and cutting; never include it in whole-stick product mass.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg graded whole bark sticks
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: dust_container_tare_gross_mass_and_disposition_record

Elementary flows

Fugitive grading dust to air (grading_bark_dust_to_air)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: cinnamon_bark_dust_to_air_from_grading
• Selected flow: cinnamon_bark_dust_to_air_from_grading
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: measured_or_generated_minus_collected_dust
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured release or documented dust mass balance.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg graded whole bark sticks
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: dust_control_inspection_collection_mass_and_nonnegative_balance
• Range: Provisional fugitive-dust screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg/kg graded whole bark sticks
  • Basis: broad initial range pending site measurements
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Bulk carton packaging (bulk_carton_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Graded sticks entering packaging (graded_sticks_input_to_packaging)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: graded_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Selected flow: graded_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_net_product_mass_before_packaging
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured graded-stick mass charged to packaging.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per packaging batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: calibrated_net_scale_and_batch_link

Corrugated fibreboard cartons (corrugated_carton_input)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: corrugated_fibreboard_carton
• Selected flow: corrugated_fibreboard_carton
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: carton_count_times_measured_unit_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Carton count multiplied by verified unit mass.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: purchase_record_item_count_and_unit_mass_sample
• Range: Provisional carton-mass screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.01
  • Upper: 0.30
  • Unit: kg/kg net packed product
  • Basis: broad bulk-carton estimate
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Sources: unido-postharvest-spices-2006

Polypropylene carton liners (polypropylene_liner_input)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: food_grade_polypropylene_carton_liner
• Selected flow: food_grade_polypropylene_carton_liner
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: liner_count_times_measured_unit_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Liner count multiplied by verified unit mass.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: supplier_specification_item_count_and_unit_mass_sample
• Range: Provisional PP-liner screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.001
  • Upper: 0.05
  • Unit: kg/kg net packed product
  • Basis: broad bulk-liner estimate
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Sources: unido-postharvest-spices-2006

Paper batch labels (paper_batch_label_input)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: paper_batch_label
• Selected flow: paper_batch_label
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: label_count_times_measured_unit_mass
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Label count multiplied by verified unit mass.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: label_issue_record_and_unit_mass_sample
• Sources: unido-postharvest-spices-2006

Polypropylene carton strapping (polypropylene_strap_input)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: polypropylene_carton_strap
• Selected flow: polypropylene_carton_strap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: issued_length_times_measured_linear_density
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Issued strap length multiplied by verified linear density.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: strap_issue_record_length_and_linear_density_test

Electricity for carton forming and sealing (packaging_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_carton_forming_and_sealing
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_carton_forming_and_sealing
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: submeter_or_power_runtime
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered or power-times-runtime packaging equipment electricity.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_operation_electricity
• Quality evidence: submeter_or_nameplate_runtime_record

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary flow enters this process.

Outputs

Product flows

Packed whole cinnamon bark (packed_whole_bark_output)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: bulk_packed_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Selected flow: bulk_packed_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: net_mass_gross_minus_tare
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Gross packed mass minus separately verified packaging tare.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per packaging batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_material_mass
• Quality evidence: gross_tare_net_reconciliation_and_batch_label_check

Waste flows

Corrugated carton offcuts (corrugated_carton_offcut_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: corrugated_fibreboard_carton_offcuts
• Selected flow: corrugated_fibreboard_carton_offcuts
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_offcuts
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured corrugated offcuts and damaged cartons.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_waste_mass
• Quality evidence: material_specific_bin_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Polypropylene liner offcuts (polypropylene_liner_offcut_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: polypropylene_liner_offcuts
• Selected flow: polypropylene_liner_offcuts
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_offcuts
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured rejected liners and liner offcuts.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_waste_mass
• Quality evidence: material_specific_bin_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Paper label release-liner waste (paper_label_release_liner_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: silicone_coated_paper_label_release_liner
• Selected flow: silicone_coated_paper_label_release_liner
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_release_liners
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured release-liner waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_waste_mass
• Quality evidence: material_specific_bin_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Polypropylene strap offcuts (polypropylene_strap_offcut_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: polypropylene_strap_offcuts
• Selected flow: polypropylene_strap_offcuts
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_offcuts
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured strap offcuts and rejected straps.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packed product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_waste_mass
• Quality evidence: material_specific_bin_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Elementary flows

No direct elementary output is expected from packaging; record measured releases as separate atomic rows if discovered.

Process: Ambient dry storage and gate release (ambient_dry_storage)

Inputs

Product flows

Packed bark entering ambient storage (packed_bark_input_to_storage)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: bulk_packed_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Selected flow: bulk_packed_whole_cassia_bark_sticks
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: measured_net_mass_entering_storage
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Net packed product mass placed in ambient dry storage.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per storage lot
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_release
• Quality evidence: warehouse_receipt_batch_location_and_net_mass_record

Electricity for ventilation and lighting (ambient_storage_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_ambient_store_ventilation_and_lighting
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_ambient_store_ventilation_and_lighting
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: warehouse_submeter_allocated_by_mass_time
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered ambient-store electricity allocated by kg_product * storage_days; no refrigeration load is permitted.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_release
• Quality evidence: warehouse_submeter_inventory_days_and_allocation_sheet
• Range: Provisional ambient-storage electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kWh/kg reference product
  • Basis: broad ambient storage range for the declared storage period
  • Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is permitted. Refrigerants R-134a, R-410A, R-32, ammonia, carbon dioxide, propane, and all other refrigerants are absent from the locked ambient-storage route; any refrigerant use requires a separate dataset.

Outputs

Product flows

Reference whole cinnamon bark (reference_whole_cinnamon_bark)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: Cinnamon (canella), processed
• Selected flow: Cinnamon (canella), processed 3955425f-128e-48d4-b46e-04bf9ee70c22
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID: 3955425f-128e-48d4-b46e-04bf9ee70c22
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: released_net_mass_at_facility_gate
• Unit: kg
• Amount: 1 kg net released product meeting every required qualifier.
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_release
• Quality evidence: release_scale_certificate_of_analysis_batch_label_and_route_conformance_check

Waste flows

No default waste output is expected; storage-damaged cartons, liners, or bark must use the matching material-specific waste row with a storage-stage tag.

Elementary flows

No default elementary output is expected because the locked route uses ambient, non-refrigerated storage.

Process: Facility and equipment sanitation (facility_sanitation)

Inputs

Product flows

Cold potable sanitation water (cold_sanitation_water)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: potable_water_for_floor_and_equipment_sanitation
• Selected flow: potable_water_for_floor_and_equipment_sanitation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: water_submeter_or_tank_volume
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured cold water used for facility and equipment sanitation; never report as bark-washing water.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_inputs
• Quality evidence: water_meter_start_end_readings_and_sanitation_log
• Range: Provisional sanitation-water screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5.0
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: broad initial facility sanitation range
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Sources: codex-cxc-1-1969

Hot potable sanitation water (hot_sanitation_water)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: hot_potable_water_for_equipment_sanitation
• Selected flow: hot_potable_water_for_equipment_sanitation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: hot_water_submeter_or_tank_volume
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured hot water supplied to sanitation; record supply temperature and upstream utility dataset separately.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_inputs
• Quality evidence: hot_water_meter_temperature_and_sanitation_log
• Sources: codex-cxc-1-1969

Sodium hydroxide cleaning agent (sodium_hydroxide_cleaner)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: sodium_hydroxide_cleaning_agent_as_supplied
• Selected flow: sodium_hydroxide_cleaning_agent_as_supplied
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: issued_product_mass_and_active_concentration
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured formulated cleaner mass and declared NaOH concentration; record only when used.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_inputs
• Quality evidence: chemical_issue_log_supplier_sds_concentration_and_dosing_record

Sodium hypochlorite sanitizer (sodium_hypochlorite_sanitizer)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: sodium_hypochlorite_sanitizer_as_supplied
• Selected flow: sodium_hypochlorite_sanitizer_as_supplied
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: issued_product_mass_and_available_chlorine_concentration
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured formulated sanitizer mass and declared available-chlorine concentration; record only when used.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_inputs
• Quality evidence: chemical_issue_log_supplier_sds_concentration_and_dosing_record

Electricity for sanitation equipment (sanitation_equipment_electricity)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: grid_electricity_for_sanitation_equipment
• Selected flow: grid_electricity_for_sanitation_equipment
• Flow property / unit: Electrical energy / kWh
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: inputs
• Flow type: product
• Measurement basis: submeter_or_power_runtime
• Unit: kWh
• Amount: Metered or power-times-runtime electricity for pumps, vacuum cleaners, and cleaning equipment.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_operation_electricity
• Quality evidence: submeter_or_nameplate_runtime_and_sanitation_log

Waste flows

No waste flow enters this process.

Elementary flows

No elementary flow enters this process. Steam and fuels are absent; purchased hot water is the only thermal sanitation utility in this locked route.

Outputs

Product flows

No product output is created by sanitation.

Waste flows

Sanitation wastewater (sanitation_wastewater)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: facility_sanitation_wastewater_to_treatment
• Selected flow: facility_sanitation_wastewater_to_treatment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: effluent_meter_or_input_minus_retained_water_balance
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured wastewater transferred to treatment; exclude separately measured direct emissions to water.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_water_emissions
• Quality evidence: effluent_meter_treatment_manifest_and_sampling_record
• Range: Provisional wastewater screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5.0
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: broad initial sanitation wastewater range
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Dry sanitation sweepings (dry_sanitation_sweepings_waste)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: dry_sanitation_sweepings_from_cinnamon_processing
• Selected flow: dry_sanitation_sweepings_from_cinnamon_processing
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: waste
• Measurement basis: separately_weighed_sweepings
• Unit: kg
• Amount: Measured dry sweepings from floors and equipment, kept separate from bark trim and captured dust.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product using documented batch allocation
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_solid_waste_dust
• Quality evidence: labelled_sweepings_container_scale_ticket_and_fate_record

Elementary flows

Chemical oxygen demand to water (cod_to_water)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: chemical_oxygen_demand_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Selected flow: chemical_oxygen_demand_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: discharge_volume_times_laboratory_concentration
• Unit: kg
• Amount: cod_to_water_kg = direct_discharge_m3 * cod_mg_per_L / 1000; zero when all wastewater is transferred to treatment without direct discharge.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_water_emissions
• Quality evidence: accredited_laboratory_result_discharge_meter_and_sampling_chain_of_custody

Biochemical oxygen demand to water (bod5_to_water)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: biochemical_oxygen_demand_5d_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Selected flow: biochemical_oxygen_demand_5d_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: discharge_volume_times_laboratory_concentration
• Unit: kg
• Amount: bod5_to_water_kg = direct_discharge_m3 * bod5_mg_per_L / 1000; zero when all wastewater is transferred to treatment without direct discharge.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_water_emissions
• Quality evidence: accredited_laboratory_result_discharge_meter_and_sampling_chain_of_custody

Total suspended solids to water (tss_to_water)

Record this named flow as a separate atomic exchange for the unit process; preserve its declared route, source or disposition and do not aggregate it with another flow.

• Flow name: total_suspended_solids_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Selected flow: total_suspended_solids_to_water_from_direct_discharge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Flow UUID:
• Direction: outputs
• Flow type: elementary
• Measurement basis: discharge_volume_times_laboratory_concentration
• Unit: kg
• Amount: tss_to_water_kg = direct_discharge_m3 * tss_mg_per_L / 1000; zero when all wastewater is transferred to treatment without direct discharge.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_water_emissions
• Quality evidence: accredited_laboratory_result_discharge_meter_and_sampling_chain_of_custody

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_by_subdivision	All unit operations	Subdivide receiving, drying, grading, packaging, storage, and sanitation by batch or metered operation before allocation.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_whole_vs_powder_prohibited	Whole sticks and powder-capable residues	Never average burdens between whole bark sticks and powder, ground spice, milling feed, or extraction feed.	boundary_locked_product_form
allocation_saleable_trim	Saleable bark trims	Treat separately sold trim as a co-product with its own mass and destination. Prefer physical subdivision; if impossible, allocate shared grading burdens by dry mass and disclose price sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_waste_no_credit	Rejects, dust, wastewater, and packaging offcuts	Treat as waste unless a documented purchaser and separate product specification establish a co-product. Do not apply avoided-burden credits inside this foreground dataset.	iso-14044-2006

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bark_mass_moisture	bark_receipt_and_dry_cleaning; electric_hot_air_drying	bark masses, moisture, dryer charge and discharge	scale and laboratory records	batch_id; timestamp; species; origin; wet_mass_kg; reject_mass_kg; sample_id; wet_sample_mass_g; dry_sample_mass_g; moisture_percent; dryer_setpoint_C; drying_time_h	Calibrated scales and representative moisture sampling with declared method.	kg; g; % wet basis; °C; h	Every batch	Complete batch from receipt through dryer discharge	All lines producing the declared product	Sum masses by batch; calculate moisture only on one wet-basis convention; normalize after batch closure.	Calibration certificates, sample chain, test report, signed batch mass balance.
cp_reject_solid_waste_dust	bark_receipt_and_dry_cleaning; grading_and_stick_cutting; facility_sanitation	rejects, trims, captured dust, sweepings, fugitive dust	waste and control-device records	batch_id; material_id; gross_kg; tare_kg; net_kg; stage; fate; generated_dust_kg; collected_dust_kg	Tared material-specific containers and disposition records.	kg	Every batch or container change	Same reporting period as production	Entire facility with production-line attribution	Keep every material and fate separate; calculate fugitive dust as generated minus collected only when both are measured.	Scale checks, labelled containers, photographs or manifests, nonnegative balance.
cp_operation_electricity	electric_hot_air_drying; grading_and_stick_cutting; bulk_carton_packaging; facility_sanitation	atomic electricity rows	meter or runtime records	meter_id; start_kWh; end_kWh; equipment_id; rated_kW; runtime_h; batch_id; operation	Dedicated submeter preferred; otherwise verified power-times-runtime.	kWh	Every batch	Representative continuous 12-month period where available	Each named unit operation	Keep heater, fans/controls, grading/cutting, packaging, and sanitation electricity separate.	Meter calibration, photographs, runtime log, site-bill reconciliation.
cp_grade_cut_yield	grading_and_stick_cutting	feed, accepted sticks, trims, dust	scale and grade records	batch_id; feed_kg; accepted_sticks_kg; trim_kg; dust_kg; grade; stick_length_mm; grinding_used	Weigh each fraction and inspect declared whole-bark form.	kg; mm	Every batch	Complete grading batch	All graders and cutters	Require feed_kg = accepted_sticks_kg + trim_kg + dust_kg + unexplained_loss_kg; investigate unexplained loss.	Calibrated scale, grade sheet, length sample, grinding_used=false.
cp_packaging_material_mass	bulk_carton_packaging	product and each packaging material	issue, count, mass, and invoice records	batch_id; net_product_kg; carton_count; carton_unit_kg; liner_count; liner_unit_kg; label_count; label_unit_kg; strap_length_m; strap_kg_per_m; gross_kg; tare_kg	Count-times-unit-mass or direct weighing, by material.	kg; count; m	Every packaging batch	Same period as packed product	All packaging lines	Calculate each material independently; reconcile gross, tare, and net mass.	Supplier specification, unit-mass sample, scale record, batch label.
cp_packaging_waste_mass	bulk_carton_packaging	material-specific offcuts	waste records	batch_id; waste_material_id; gross_kg; tare_kg; net_kg; fate	Tared, material-specific waste containers.	kg	Every container change	Same period as packaging	All packaging lines	No combined packaging-waste row; aggregate only within the identical material id and fate.	Scale ticket, labelled bin, recycling or disposal receipt.
cp_ambient_storage_release	ambient_dry_storage	inventory days, electricity, and release	warehouse and meter records	batch_id; entry_date; release_date; net_kg; storage_location; temperature_C; relative_humidity_percent; meter_start_kWh; meter_end_kWh; refrigeration_used; release_moisture_percent	Warehouse management records, ambient logger, submeter, release test.	kg; day; °C; %; kWh	Each lot and monthly meter period	Entire declared storage duration	Ambient store areas holding the product	Allocate shared electricity by kg-day; require refrigeration_used=false.	Inventory reconciliation, logger data, meter record, release authorization.
cp_sanitation_inputs	facility_sanitation	cold water, hot water, NaOH cleaner, NaOCl sanitizer	meter and chemical issue records	sanitation_event_id; batch_ids; cold_water_kg; hot_water_kg; hot_water_temperature_C; naoh_product_kg; naoh_concentration_percent; naocl_product_kg; available_chlorine_percent; area_m2; duration_h	Utility meters and controlled chemical issue/dosing logs.	kg; °C; %; m2; h	Every sanitation event	Same period as attributable production	Named equipment and floor zones	Allocate by documented causal driver, preferably equipment time or cleaned area; never describe this water as bark washing.	Meter readings, sanitation sign-off, SDS, concentration checks.
cp_wastewater_water_emissions	facility_sanitation	wastewater and COD, BOD5, TSS direct emissions	effluent and laboratory records	event_id; wastewater_kg; transferred_to_treatment_kg; direct_discharge_m3; cod_mg_per_L; bod5_mg_per_L; tss_mg_per_L; sample_id; destination	Effluent meter or balance plus representative accredited sampling.	kg; m3; mg/L	Every discharge or representative campaign	Same period as sanitation	Each discharge destination	Keep wastewater-to-treatment separate from direct emissions; apply each concentration only to its matched direct-discharge volume.	Chain of custody, laboratory accreditation, meter calibration, treatment manifest.

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_moisture_wet_basis	Bark moisture	moisture_percent = 100 * (wet_sample_mass_g - dry_sample_mass_g) / wet_sample_mass_g	wet_sample_mass_g; dry_sample_mass_g	moisture_percent	mass-balance-identity
calc_bark_water_to_air	Drying	bark_water_to_air_kg = dryer_charge_kg * incoming_moisture_fraction - dried_bark_kg * final_moisture_fraction	dryer_charge_kg; incoming_moisture_fraction; dried_bark_kg; final_moisture_fraction	bark_water_to_air_kg	mass-balance-identity
calc_grading_mass_balance	Grading	unexplained_loss_kg = feed_kg - accepted_sticks_kg - trim_kg - collected_dust_kg - fugitive_dust_kg	named grading masses	unexplained_loss_kg	mass-balance-identity
calc_packaging_material	Each packaging input	material_kg = item_count * measured_unit_mass_kg or strap_kg = strap_length_m * strap_kg_per_m	counts, lengths, unit masses	material-specific kg	mass-balance-identity
calc_storage_electricity	Ambient store	allocated_kWh = warehouse_kWh * batch_kg_days / total_warehouse_kg_days	submeter kWh and inventory kg-days	batch storage kWh	mass-balance-identity
calc_water_emission	COD, BOD5, or TSS	emission_kg = direct_discharge_m3 * concentration_mg_per_L / 1000	matched volume and concentration	pollutant-specific kg	mass-balance-identity

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_route_identity	Entire package	Demonstrate Cinnamomum cassia, whole bark sticks, electric 45 °C forced-air drying, no grinding, and no excluded operation.	Supplier identity, batch route sheet, equipment log, product photographs, and release record.
dq_temporal_coverage	Energy, sanitation, waste, and storage	Prefer 12 consecutive representative months; if shorter, cover at least three complete batches and disclose seasonality.	Date-bounded raw records and production totals.
dq_mass_balance	Receipt, drying, grading, and packaging	Investigate absolute unexplained mass greater than 2% of input; moisture loss must be reported separately from solid loss.	Signed stage mass balances and moisture results.
dq_atomic_flows_v1	Entire inventory	One card per physical flow and role. Do not use collection placeholders such as energy, materials, chemicals, fuels, refrigerants, packaging, wastes, or emissions.	Row inventory and raw-field mapping.
dq_uuid_scope	Flow identities	Only reference_whole_cinnamon_bark may carry a flow UUID in this PCR; all other flow UUID fields remain empty pending independent identity review.	UUID audit and Tiangong state_code=100 readback evidence.
dq_reasoned_estimates	Provisional ranges	Never substitute a reasoned-estimate range for a foreground amount; retain it only as a QA screen and replace before publication where critical.	Finding log and source-upgrade record.

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	Require UUID 3955425f-128e-48d4-b46e-04bf9ee70c22, name Cinnamon (canella), processed, CPC 3.0 23925, Product flow, and Mass.
validate_locked_route	Process map	Fail if grinding, powder output, fuel-fired drying, steam, fumigation, irradiation, refrigeration, wet bark washing, or another species/product form is averaged into the dataset.	boundary_locked_product_form; boundary_no_route_substitution
validate_moisture_and_temperature	Drying and release	Require dryer set point 45 °C and final moisture content ≤14% wet basis with batch-linked measurements.	sri-lanka-cinnamon-postharvest; li-et-al-2024-cassia-drying; arifin-et-al-2021-koerintji
validate_process_completeness	Inventory	Require all five production processes and attributable sanitation; every process, row, direction, flow type, basis, unit, protocol, and quality-evidence field must be populated.
validate_atomic_flows_v1	Inventory	Reject aggregate cards named energy, materials, chemicals, fuels, refrigerants, packaging, wastes, or emissions; preserve electricity uses, packaging materials, cleaning agents, wastewater, solid wastes, dust, and water emissions as atomic rows.
validate_no_other_flow_uuid	Inventory	Fail if any row other than reference_whole_cinnamon_bark contains a flow UUID. Flow-property and unit-group UUIDs in the reference object are not flow UUIDs.
validate_mass_balance	Receipt, drying, grading, packaging	Require nonnegative component masses and stage closure; investigate unexplained mass above 2% of stage input.	mass-balance-identity
validate_food_safety_records	Receipt, drying, storage, sanitation	Require mould rejection, same-day or justified drying, moisture control, pest-protected storage, sanitation records, and traceable batch labels.	codex-cxc-78-2017; codex-cxc-1-1969; unido-postharvest-spices-2006

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for bulk whole processed cinnamon bark.
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after review and publication.
allowed_use	LCA of foods or supply chains requiring dried whole Cinnamomum cassia bark sticks from the locked processing route.
excluded_use	Powder or ground cinnamon, oils or extracts, mixed species, composite quills, wet bark, fuel-fired or solar-only drying, sterilized or irradiated product, refrigerated product, retail packs, or cultivation and harvesting.
required_metadata	species; origin; batch; product_form; grade; stick_length_mm; incoming and final moisture; dryer set point and time; no-grinding status; packaging masses; storage days; reporting period; geography.
required_quality_disclosure	Source coverage; meter and scale calibration; sampling method; mass-balance closure; reasoned-estimate substitutions; waste fates; wastewater destination; excluded operations; allocation decisions.
update_trigger	Change in species, product form, dryer technology or heat source, moisture specification, sanitation route, packaging configuration, storage technology, co-product fate, or reference-flow identity.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
codex-cxc-78-2017	official_guidance	Codex Alimentarius, CXC 78-2017, Code of Practice for the Prevention and Reduction of Mycotoxins in Spices. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/codes-of-practice/en/	Rapid drying, moisture control, dry cleaning, mould rejection, and protected storage.
codex-cxc-1-1969	official_guidance	Codex Alimentarius, CXC 1-1969, General Principles of Food Hygiene, revised 2022. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/publications/en/	Sanitation, hygiene controls, records, and food-safety verification.
unido-postharvest-spices-2006	handbook	UNIDO, Herbs, Spices and Essential Oils: Post-harvest Operations in Developing Countries, 2006. https://www.unido.org/publications/ot/9656588/pdf	Process decomposition; cleaning; packaging; labelling; storage; separation of whole and ground routes.
sri-lanka-cinnamon-postharvest	official_guidance	Sri Lanka Department of Cinnamon Development, Post Harvest Technology. https://cinnamon.gov.lk/about-cinnamon/post-harvest-technology/	Whole-bark handling, drying, ≤14% moisture endpoint, grading, and traceability qualifiers.
li-et-al-2024-cassia-drying	literature	Li et al., Evaluation of different drying methods on the quality of Cinnamomum cassia barks, Heliyon 10 (2024) e34608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34608	Cassia-specific drying process and 45 °C oven-drying route selection.
arifin-et-al-2021-koerintji	literature	Arifin et al., The Effect of Geographical Indications on the Koerintji Cinnamon Sales Price and Information of Origin, Agronomy 11 (2021) 1410. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071410	Cassia bark drying to 10–14% moisture, grading, cutting, foreign-object removal, packaging, and whole-versus-powder separation.
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines. https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html	Allocation hierarchy, subdivision, and disclosure.
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Conservation of mass applied to measured batch inputs, outputs, moisture, and pollutant concentration-volume calculations.	Moisture, yield, dust, packaging, storage, wastewater, and stage-closure formulas.