Poppy seed

1. Scope and Applicability

This rule covers annual Papaver somniferum L. production for seed, mature capsule harvest, separation of seed, and any measured ventilation, drying or preliminary cleaning before farm-gate hand-off. The reference product is harvested grain, unprocessed, at farm gate. Food, oil and other end uses are downstream declarations, not changes to this reference flow. Moisture and purity values in European food-seed guidance are conditional regional/use examples, not universal acceptance limits for this category. Exclude oil pressing, deep food cleaning or alkaloid-removal treatment, pharmaceutical extraction, opium production, certified planting-seed grading and off-farm transport. Sources: eu-poppy-2014, usu-seed-poppy.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.poppy-seed
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 01448 (classification locator only); mapping relation: narrower
covered_products	Harvested poppy seed separated from mature capsules and handed off unprocessed at farm gate; declare food or oil destination and measured moisture/impurity state
excluded_products	Capsule, poppy straw, opium latex, poppy seed oil, alkaloid-reduced food ingredient, certified planting seed
representative_product	Net weighed harvested seed
production_route	Managed direct-sown crop → distinct mature capsule harvest and seed separation → conditional farm conditioning only when performed; hand and combine harvest use separately recorded energy, loss and seed-damage fields
market_state	Production mix, at farm gate; Harvested grain, unprocessed

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Unprocessed poppy seed at farm gate
How much	1 kg net seed
How well	Declare lot moisture, impurities, damage and intended market; no assumed food grade
How long or cycle	One recorded annual crop cycle and linked harvest lot
reference_flow_link	farm_gate_seed

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Poppy seed c49b37e3-df47-4caf-9a6a-2df1a528800a
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Papaver somniferum seed; farm gate; unprocessed; lot, moisture, impurities, main destination, harvest and conditioning route

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Net reference seed	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Weigh at delivered moisture/impurity state; do not include capsule or oil.
field_to_gate	Field and harvest inputs	Applicable mass, volume or energy	per hectare and per kg	Divide crop-cycle totals by net seed delivered for that cycle; retain area, total yield and conversion factor.
moisture_basis	Seed and straw	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	State wet/dry basis before mass comparison; if drying occurs, record before/after moisture and water loss.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Field ready for sowing with concrete planting seed, fertilizer and other product inputs entering this crop cycle
starting_condition_role	Link sowing seed and purchased inputs to upstream product exchanges; disclose prior rotation and land state separately
product_classification_scope	Harvested poppy seed, excluding capsule, straw, latex, oil and certified planting seed
recursive_input_rule	For retained poppy seed sown in this cycle, record real amount and preceding-cycle origin; do not recursively supply this cycle's reference output to itself
upstream_dataset_requirement	Each purchased input needs suitable upstream data; unresolved concrete flow identity remains explicit instead of a generic substitute
disclosure	Field, cycle, seed destination, harvest mode, capsule/straw fate, farm conditioning switch, moisture and impurities

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
annual_crop_boundary	Sowing to farm gate	Include sowing, field management, harvest, seed separation and any performed farm conditioning; separate harvest from cultivation to avoid mixing equipment fuel. This package is limited to its crop cycle without storage.	usu-seed-poppy
food_route_condition	Food-destination lots	Record operations limiting capsule-dust contamination and any needed later cleaning; European food-use advice is conditional, not a universal rule for unprocessed farm-gate seed.	eu-poppy-2014
route_delta	Hand and combine harvest	Parent activity is capsule harvest and seed separation; technology changes energy input, seed-damage and dropped-seed loss records. A lot may have successive operations, but throughput is counted once.	eu-poppy-2014; usu-seed-poppy
conditioning_only_if_used	Ventilation, drying, preliminary cleaning	Every raw-seed lot passes through this hand-off node; record before/after moisture, energy, rejected seed, captured capsule dust and other foreign material only when treatment occurs; direct hand-off has zero additional conditioning exchanges.	eu-poppy-2014

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
field	Managed seed-poppy cultivation	required	All included annual crop cycles	Establish and manage Papaver somniferum for seed, handing mature crop to harvest.	per cultivated hectare and linked crop cycle
harvest	Capsule harvest and seed release	required	All represented seed harvests	Independently capture mature capsules and release raw seed; track collected straw, dropped seed and broken capsules as distinct physical outputs.	per cultivated hectare and harvest lot
conditioning	Farm-gate hand-off with conditional primary conditioning and preservation	required	Every raw-seed lot is handed off; ventilation, drying or preliminary cleaning only when performed	Record pre/post moisture, energy, rejected seed, captured capsule dust, other impurities and moisture loss separately when conditioning occurs; no food processing.	per linked raw-seed lot

Process: Managed seed-poppy cultivation (field)

Inputs

Product flows

Poppy seed for sowing (sowing_seed)

Purchased or retained sowing seed entering the crop cycle.

• Selected flow: Poppy seed for sowing

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Mass actually sown, excluding unsown inventory.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 50
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Fertilizer, urea input (field_agricultural_nutrient_inputs)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, urea is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, urea

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, urea used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate input (field_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_monoammonium_phosphate)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, potassium chloride input (field_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, potassium chloride is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, potassium chloride

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, potassium chloride used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Cattle manure, as applied input (field_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Include this conditional card only when Cattle manure, as applied is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure, as applied

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Cattle manure, as applied used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Agricultural limestone input (field_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_agricultural_limestone)

Include this conditional card only when Agricultural limestone is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Agricultural limestone

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Agricultural limestone used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Applied irrigation water (irrigation_water)

Only supplied irrigation water crosses the foreground product boundary; rainfall is reported separately.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Metered or documented delivered irrigation volume; zero for rain-fed fields.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20000
  • Unit: m3/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Required crop-protection records: before completing the foreground package, enumerate every actually applied formulated product separately, retaining trade name, active ingredient, salt or chemical form, concentration, density where needed, application quantity, date and treated area. Select one physically specific product identity per exchange. Derive active-substance releases separately by substance and receiving compartment. Missing formulation identity is a completeness gap; do not replace it with a generic pesticide, invented example, or assumed zero.

Diesel fuel (field_fuel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: crop_cycle
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_field_energy

Waste flows

None.

Elementary flows

None.

Outputs

Product flows

Mature seed-bearing poppy crop (mature_crop)

Intermediate standing biomass handed from cultivation to harvest; not the reference seed.

• Selected flow: Mature poppy crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured or mass-balanced harvestable crop biomass.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Pre-harvest field vegetation residue (field_residue)

Leaves and stems left in the field before harvest are distinct from harvest-stage dropped seeds and broken capsules.

• Selected flow: Field vegetation residue

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Estimated retained dry or fresh mass with moisture basis declared.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Direct soil nitrous oxide (soil_n2o)

Model direct N2O from managed soils using a documented method and recorded nitrogen inputs; resolve a species- and air-medium-specific flow before publishing exchanges.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Calculated direct N2O mass from a stated method, not a generic fertilizer factor.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions

• Sources: ipcc-2019-soils

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 100
  • Unit: kg N2O/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Capsule harvest and seed release (harvest)

Inputs

Product flows

Mature crop entering harvest (mature_crop_input)

Transfer the cultivation output into a distinct capsule and seed harvest boundary.

• Selected flow: Mature poppy crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Same measured intermediate mass as field output; no second upstream burden.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Diesel fuel (harvest_fuel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: crop_cycle
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_energy

Harvest separation electricity (harvest_electricity)

If electrically powered seed separation occurs at the farm, meter that input; otherwise record zero.

• Selected flow: Electricity supply

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Metered or run-allocated electricity at harvest separation.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_energy

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kWh/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

None.

Elementary flows

None.

Outputs

Product flows

Intended output of raw poppy seed (raw_seed)

The intended seed output removed from mature capsules, before any optional farm-gate drying or cleaning.

• Selected flow: Raw poppy seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed raw seed by harvest lot at measured moisture.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Swiss field-trial seed-yield example; not a universal limit

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 200
  • Upper: 1700
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: agroscope-poppy-2005

Collected capsule and straw co-product (collected_straw)

Only if separately collected and sold or transferred for a declared use; otherwise classify as field residue or waste. Never count opium latex as seed.

• Selected flow: Collected poppy capsule and straw

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed collected dry or fresh biomass with moisture stated; zero when not collected.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Seed dropped during harvest (dropped_seed)

Poppy seed lost to the field during capsule capture or seed release; exclude capsule fragments and cleaning rejects. Record field retention as its destination.

• Selected flow: Dropped poppy seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Estimated dropped seed mass from harvest sampling or measured collection.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Broken capsule fragments left at harvest (broken_capsule)

Nonrecoverable capsule-wall material left in the field during harvest; exclude collected capsule/straw co-product and pre-harvest vegetation residue.

• Selected flow: Broken poppy capsules

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured or sampled capsule-fragment mass left on field, with moisture basis.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per cultivated hectare per crop cycle, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_harvest

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

None.

Process: Farm-gate hand-off with conditional primary conditioning and preservation (conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Raw seed entering farm-gate hand-off (raw_seed_input)

Every raw-seed lot enters the farm-gate hand-off; ventilation, drying or preliminary cleaning is recorded only if actually performed.

• Selected flow: Raw poppy seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Linked weighed raw-seed harvest lot.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Drying or cleaning electricity (conditioning_electricity)

Record ventilation, drying fan or aspirator electricity only if used before farm-gate hand-off.

• Selected flow: Electricity supply

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Metered conditioning-run electricity; zero for inactive node.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kWh/kg conditioned seed output
  • Basis: per kg conditioned seed output in an active conditioning run
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Diesel fuel (conditioning_fuel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

Waste flows

None.

Elementary flows

None.

Outputs

Product flows

Unprocessed poppy seed at farm gate (farm_gate_seed)

The reference seed leaves the farm after harvest, with only declared optional farm conditioning. It is not oil, food-ready cleaned seed or certified planting seed.

• Selected flow: Poppy seed c49b37e3-df47-4caf-9a6a-2df1a528800a

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Net weighed delivered seed at declared moisture and impurity state.

• Amount rule: 1 kg

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_gate_lot

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Seed rejected by farm cleaning (rejected_seed)

Only when preliminary cleaning occurs: off-grade poppy seed removed from the accepted lot. Record disposal or separate transfer; do not count it as accepted reference seed.

• Selected flow: Rejected poppy seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed seed-only reject mass, not combined screenings mass.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Captured capsule-wall dust (captured_capsule_dust)

Only when farm cleaning captures capsule-derived dust: record the captured solid waste and its disposal. Fugitive air emissions require a separate substance- and medium-specific exchange.

• Selected flow: Captured poppy capsule dust

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed captured dust from aspirator/filter or a documented solids balance.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Other removed foreign material (other_impurities)

Only when preliminary cleaning removes non-seed, non-capsule foreign solids such as soil or stones; keep identity and disposal separate from seed reject and capsule dust.

• Selected flow: Foreign material removed from seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed separately classified foreign solids.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Water evaporated in drying (drying_water_vapour)

Only when drying occurs; calculate mass of removed water from before/after seed mass and moisture measurements.

• Selected flow: Water vapour to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Determine supported evaporation on a closed water-mass control volume: incoming material water + actual added water + opening water stock - water in all accepted/co-product/reject/residue exits - separate liquid discharge/exports - closing water stock. Use measured wet mass times wet-basis moisture for each material stream, and compatible density for liquid volumes. Internal recirculation cancels. Retain actual rain/rewetting where relevant; total fresh/dry mass difference is not all water. Independently support all terms and the evaporation pathway; investigate an unexplained or negative balance rather than force it into a vapour release or clip it to zero. Keep water quantities distinct from dry-solids loss and other volatiles. Attribute and normalize the evidenced water release once using the original matched final reference.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioned lot, then convert to 1 kg net reference seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning

• Range: Provisional QA screen; actual foreground records determine amount

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2000
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: per cultivated hectare in one crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
single_output_default	Seed-only field	Capsule, straw and residues without separate collection or independent use remain field residue or waste, not invented co-products.	eu-poppy-2014
straw_coproduct	Seed plus saleable capsule/straw	If capsules or straw are separately collected and transferred, record both product masses, moisture, destinations and hand-off points. Assign dedicated operations directly; allocate shared cultivation/harvest burdens by consistent dry mass and disclose choice and sensitivity. Latex is not seed.	eu-poppy-2014
run_linkage	Harvest lot or combined operation	Link each input, output, cleaning and changeover event to a unique run; apportion cross-run shared fuel/electricity once by documented time or throughput, never twice.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Inventory completeness: conditional named cards are examples of individual exchanges, not an exhaustive recipe or a requirement to use those products. Before completing a foreground package, enumerate every actual planting stock, nutrient, crop-protection formulation, asset material, operating service, carrier, packaging material, waste stream and applicable elementary substance separately, using its physical identity, state, native property/unit, origin or receiving compartment, and measured or method-calculated quantity. Missing identity or quantity remains a completeness gap, never an assumed zero. Preserve the actual lot and phase basis; do not sum intermediate transfers as additional final output or duplicate burdens included in purchased services.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

All ranges are regional examples or provisional QA screens, not inventory defaults. Out-of-range values require review but may stand with good foreground evidence. Inputs of an inactive conditional node are zero.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_field_inputs	field	sowing seed, N/P/K products, irrigation, crop protection	field operation ledger	field, date, area, product, formulation, net mass, water meter	invoices, application logs, meters; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum physical products once; compound fertilizer not duplicated	kg, m3, ha	each application	full crop cycle	each field	per declared reference flow	invoices, weighed/metered logs
cp_field_energy	field	field fuel	equipment log	operation, machine, date, fuel, field	fuel slips and machinery logs; Raw aggregation and attribution: assign to actual field work	L	each operation	sowing to pre-harvest	each field	per declared reference flow	slips, work hours
cp_field_emissions	field	soil N2O	nitrogen-balance worksheet	synthetic/organic N, residue N, soil/climate data, method factors	declared IPCC or equivalent method; Raw aggregation and attribution: preserve source terms and unit conversions	kg N2O	each cycle	full crop cycle	each field	per declared reference flow	versioned method and input records
cp_crop_harvest	field/harvest	mature crop, raw seed, collected capsule/straw, pre-harvest residue, dropped seed, broken capsules	harvest lot ledger	area, lot, raw seed weight/moisture, collected straw weight, pre-harvest retained residue, sampled dropped-seed mass, broken-capsule mass and separate destinations	scale, separate material samples and balance; Raw aggregation and attribution: reconcile mature-crop intermediate once; aggregate dropped seed and capsule fragments separately	kg, ha, %	each lot	harvest period	field/lot	per declared reference flow	scale tickets, material samples, destinations
cp_harvest_energy	harvest	harvest fuel and electricity	equipment run log	run, fuel, metered power, machine	equipment and energy log; Raw aggregation and attribution: apportion shared run only once by time/throughput	L, kWh	each run	harvest period	equipment/run	per declared reference flow	fuel slip, meter, work hours
cp_conditioning	conditioning	raw seed, electricity, fuel, rejected seed, captured capsule dust, other foreign solids, evaporated water	farm conditioning run	route switch, before/after mass/moisture, electricity/fuel meters, separately weighed rejected seed/captured dust/other impurities and each destination ; all inlet/outlet material water including rejects/residues; actual added/rain water; separate liquid exports; opening/closing water stock; wet-basis moisture/density; supported evaporation and uncertainty	weighing, moisture test, meters, separate solid collection; Raw aggregation and attribution: reconcile materials by substance and link raw-seed lot; resolve fugitive dust separately	kg, %, kWh, L	each conditioning lot	before farm gate	each conditioning lot	per declared reference flow	classified scales, tests, energy receipts, destination tickets
cp_gate_lot	conditioning	net reference seed	transfer lot ticket	net mass, moisture, impurities, destination, time	weighbridge/calibrated scale and lot testing; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum net delivered mass as reference denominator	kg, %	each delivery lot	farm-gate transfer	each delivery lot	per declared reference flow	scale ticket, lot ID, test
cp_phase1_environment_coverage	field	managed environmental coverage by actual node	site/activity/method ledger	site and actual managed nodes; area; dated occupation intervals; co-users; establishment/immature history; actual prior/current land classes and transformation dates/areas; carbon-method coverage; upstream land coverage	Collect original records by the actual responsible production node and matched lot/period; retain provenance, method applicability and uncertainty. Reconcile with existing protocols and provider coverage, do not add duplicate events. Explicitly document inapplicability; absent evidence is a gap.	native activity units; kg N or substance; area/time as applicable	event and annual/lot reconciliation	matched production/cohort period	all actual managed-production nodes	apply applicable coverage calculations then final normalization once	original records, method worksheets and applicability evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
per_kg_gate	all field, harvest and conditioning exchanges	Assigned crop-cycle exchange total / net kg seed delivered from same cycle; reconcile intermediate transfers without another upstream burden.	exchange total, net delivery, lot linkage	exchange per kg reference seed
drying_loss	conditional drying	Derive evaporated water from before/after net mass and wet-basis moisture; cross-check dry matter against separately removed seed, capsule dust and other solids.	before/after mass, moisture, three separately recorded solid removals	kg water loss and balance gap
soil_n2o_method	managed soils	Apply declared regional/tier factors to all applicable N sources; state direct versus indirect boundary.	N inputs, residue N, method factors	kg N2O	ipcc-2019-soils
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_field_emissions; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Environmental Coverage Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_managed_land_coverage	actual managed-production nodes	For each actual owned managed-production site, collect the occupied area and dated occupation intervals, including attributable establishment/immature and production periods. Occupation is area multiplied by actual duration, converted explicitly to the selected area-time unit (1 ha = 10,000 m2; time in years); hectares per crop-cycle alone are not an area-time result without duration. Partition or take the union of overlapping establishment/management intervals so the same area-time is counted once, with shares across actual co-users summing to one. Record evidenced land transformation separately by actual from/to land class, event area and date under the declared land-use method; transformation has area units and is not added to occupation. Planting, continued occupation or missing prior-land data do not establish a transformation or zero transformation. Preserve actual historical-event attribution and carbon-stock/emission method coverage where applicable; no invented land conversion or generic carbon credit. Instantiate separate compatible elementary identities with verified UUIDs or explicit unresolved identities; attribute once and normalize to the matched final reference. Purchased completed biological inputs inherit compatible upstream land coverage once instead of duplicating it locally. Missing applicable land identity, area, duration or prior-state evidence remains a completeness gap; documented no transformation is a valid absence.	cp_phase1_environment_coverage	attributed native environmental quantities per matched final reference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
lot_identity	all lots	Trace raw seed, conditioning and net-delivery lots; retain destination, moisture and impurities.	lot IDs, scale and test records
mass_closure	harvest and conditioning	Reconcile crop, raw seed, collected straw, pre-harvest residue, dropped seed, broken capsules, rejected seed, captured capsule dust, other impurities and water loss item by item on stated moisture bases; never count a material twice across nodes.	substance-specific material balance
conditional_zero	unused conditioning	No drying, cleaning or stabilization energy and reject exchanges.	operations and transfer logs
source_limit	food destination	EU advice is conditional quality management for that market, not a reason to exclude other legitimate unprocessed seed.	destination and compliance records

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
gate_identity	reference flow	Match UUID, Mass, kg, farm gate and unprocessed state; never replace with oil, capsule, straw or certified planting seed.
route_and_runs	harvest technology and runs	Declare hand, combine or sequential operations and throughput; link fuel, seed loss and changeover once.	eu-poppy-2014; usu-seed-poppy
coproduct_decision	capsule/straw	Require independent transfer for co-product status and disclose actual allocation basis; otherwise use residue/waste.	eu-poppy-2014
range_review	all flow cards	Check bound, unit, denominator, evidence and conditional switch; investigate provisional outliers without replacing real data.
moisture_and_contamination	food destination and drying	Report actual lot moisture and capsule-dust risk; food-guidance numbers are not category-wide acceptance thresholds.	eu-poppy-2014

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground package for unprocessed poppy seed at farm gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset or background_dataset in process and lifecyclemodel construction
allowed_use	Upstream food or oil route modelling with matching seed state, farm-gate boundary and disclosures
excluded_use	Substitute for poppy oil, refined food ingredient, pharmaceutical extraction or certified planting seed
required_metadata	Region, season, field, cultivar/destination, harvest method, lot, net mass, moisture, impurity, conditioning and straw fate
required_quality_disclosure	Mass balance, operation/energy record coverage, conditioning switch, emission method, co-product allocation and uncertainty
update_trigger	Material change to production route, farm-gate seed state, destination, harvest technology or data year

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
eu-poppy-2014	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation 2014/662/EU, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2014/662/oj/eng	Food-route harvest and cleaning risks; conditional quality and contamination disclosure, not universal farm-gate thresholds.
usu-seed-poppy	extension_guidance	Utah State University, Seed Poppy in the Garden, https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/research/seed-poppy-in-the-garden	Annual crop, mature capsule harvest, and separation route.
agroscope-poppy-2005	literature	Frick and Hebeisen, Poppy, an alternative plant, Agroscope, 2005, https://www.agrarforschungschweiz.ch/en/2005/01/poppy-an-alternative-plant/	Regional field-trial seed-yield example of 2–17 dt/ha (200–1700 kg/ha).
ipcc-2019-soils	method_factor	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4 Chapter 11, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	Managed-soil N2O method and input completeness.