Locust beans (carobs)

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR guides a foreground data package for ripe whole carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) produced in a managed orchard or managed cultivated grove and transferred at the producing site or first-conditioning gate. The product is the whole pod with pulp and seeds retained. The route covers orchard establishment or tree replacement when attributable to the declared productive period, perennial orchard management, harvest and collection, and conditional primary conditioning such as natural or supplied-air drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading before the declared gate.

It applies to rainfed and irrigated managed production, manual or mechanized harvest, and fresh/as-received or naturally dried whole pods when the market state and moisture basis are declared. A managed cultivated grove may use low-input practice, but it must have a defined area, reporting period, and activity record. Unmanaged wild collection is excluded because it is a resource-removal route rather than the managed biological production route covered here.

Kibbled pods, deseeded pulp, carob seeds as a separated product, locust bean gum, germ meal, flour, powder, syrup, molasses, roasted pods, fermented products, retail packs, downstream storage, transport after the declared gate, and other processed carob products are excluded. Harvest containers and packaging are outside the default boundary unless a study explicitly declares a gate that includes them; such an extension must add the relevant packaging records and identity resolution.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.locust-beans-carobs
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 01356, Locust beans (carobs); mapping relation: exact
covered_products	ripe whole carob pods of Ceratonia siliqua L., with pulp and seeds retained, transferred as received or after declared primary drying/cleaning/sorting
excluded_products	unmanaged wild collection; separated seeds, deseeded pulp, kibbles, gum, germ meal, flour, powder, syrup, molasses, roasted, fermented, preserved, retail, and downstream logistics products
representative_product	accepted whole ripe carob pods, normally naturally dried or otherwise stabilized only to the declared primary-gate state, with seeds retained
production_route	managed perennial carob orchard or cultivated grove establishment and management, harvest and collection, and conditional primary drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading
market_state	accepted whole pods at the producing farm or first-conditioning gate, with species, cultivar or type, crop year, moisture convention, quality or destination grade, and seed-retention status declared

The term “locust bean” is treated here as the whole carob pod, not as a synonym for the separated seed or locust bean gum. This distinction follows the product terminology and process descriptions in the FAO Feedipedia carob account and the FAO non-wood forest-products chapter (fao-feedipedia-carob; fao-carob-nwfp-chapter7).

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	accepted whole ripe carob pods with pulp and seeds retained at the declared primary-gate state
How much	1 kg net accepted whole carob pods
How well	species; cultivar or cultivar group; managed orchard or cultivated-grove route; fresh/as-received or dried state; moisture basis; quality or destination grade; seed-retention status; accepted, downgraded, rejected, and loss masses; geography; crop year; and declared gate
How long or cycle	one declared crop year or complete harvest campaign; perennial establishment, replacement, and non-bearing periods are linked to the documented productive-period basis
reference_flow_link	carob_accepted_whole_pods_output

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Locust beans (carobs) a5e8d701-0314-4eba-a5ba-37ba590d469b
Reference flow property	Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66)
Reference unit group	Units of mass (93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66)
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species; cultivar or cultivar group; managed orchard or cultivated-grove status; production geography; orchard age and bearing area; crop year or harvest campaign; irrigation status and water source; nutrient and soil-amendment basis; harvest method; fresh/as-received or dried state; moisture convention; quality or destination grade; seed-retention status; accepted and rejected mass; primary-conditioning inclusion; declared gate
Reference identity status	fixed UUIDs reviewed against the exact CPC 01356 product candidate and saved mass-property/unit-group index

When constructing a foreground data package, the required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data-package field. Net product mass excludes container tare. A final TIDAS exchange must retain the reviewed product flow, mass-property, and unit-group identities and verify their compatibility with the declared gate and lot evidence.

This reference UUID denotes the fresh, unprocessed farm-gate product. Verify actual species, product state and handoff before applying the binding. An independent pack-house, further-processed or otherwise incompatible output requires separately verified identity and must not inherit this UUID. Identity verification does not change the actual system boundary or quantity-normalization requirements of this PCR.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product and accepted output	Mass	kg	Express the reference flow as net accepted whole carob-pod mass at the declared gate. Retain the as-received mass and moisture measurement; do not silently substitute seed-only, pulp-only, dry-matter, or processed-product mass.
moisture_basis	harvested, dried, stored, and accepted pods	Mass and moisture fraction	kg and percent or kg water/kg product	Record lot moisture with method and sampling point. If a dry-mass conversion is made, use the measured moisture fraction and disclose whether the input and output masses are as received or on a dry basis.
orchard_life_annualization	establishment, replacement, and immature-tree inputs	area, time, or mass activity property	ha, orchard-year, or kg product	Link each establishment or replacement event to the orchard block, productive period, and accepted pod output. Annualize only with a documented productive-period assumption and retain the original event record.
nutrient_product_and_basis	fertilizer and soil-amendment inputs	product mass and nutrient mass	kg product and kg N, P2O5, K2O, or declared organic basis	Give every actual fertilizer or amendment product its own card, retaining physical product mass, formulation, nutrient composition and application records. Nutrient quantities are not additional inputs of the same product; collection or group identifiers cannot substitute for a concrete flow identity.
water_energy_unit	irrigation, direct withdrawal, orchard work, harvest, and conditioning	volume, mass, or energy	m3, kg, L, MJ, or kWh	Preserve the measured activity unit, carrier or source, equipment or operation, period, and any conversion equation. Do not add supplied water to direct withdrawal when they describe the same volume.
whole_pod_identity	product outputs and same-category process links	declared product state	declared descriptor	Keep pulp and seeds together for this PCR. Separation into seeds, pulp, kibbles, gum, or other products is a downstream transformation and cannot be represented as the whole-pod reference output.

5. System Boundary

The foreground boundary starts with the declared managed carob orchard or cultivated grove and runs through orchard management, harvest, collection, and the primary conditioning needed to reach the declared whole-pod gate. Primary conditioning may include natural or supplied-air drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading when those operations occur before the gate. It ends at transfer of accepted whole pods at the producing site or first-conditioning gate.

Upstream production of nursery stock, fertilizer and soil-amendment products, crop-protection formulations, irrigation supply, fuels, electricity, machinery services, and waste-treatment services uses compatible background datasets when those inputs cross the foreground boundary. Direct resource withdrawals and field or conditioning emissions are foreground exchanges when they are measured or calculated under this PCR.

The boundary excludes unmanaged wild collection, orchard products other than the declared pod outputs, kibbling, milling, seed separation, gum extraction, roasting, syrup or molasses production, retail presentation, transport after the declared gate, downstream storage, consumer use, and packaging end-of-life. Rejected or downgraded material remains inside the balance until its declared hand-off or waste destination is evidenced.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	established or newly established managed carob orchard or cultivated grove at the beginning of the declared crop year, with planting or replacement records and prior land condition disclosed
starting_condition_role	start of managed perennial carob production and orchard-asset accounting
product_classification_scope	current CPC 3.0 product category 01356, Locust beans (carobs), semantically limited to whole ripe carob pods with seeds retained at a primary gate
recursive_input_rule	Whole carob pods transferred between the production, harvest, and conditioning nodes are internal process links, not additional market outputs. A same-category pod input crossing the external boundary is recorded as an upstream product dataset and is not recursively expanded into another whole-pod production system.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use compatible upstream datasets for nursery stock, nutrient and soil-amendment products, crop-protection formulations, supplied irrigation water, fuels, electricity, machinery services, and waste treatment when these activities are not measured as foreground activity.
disclosure	species and cultivar or type; orchard or grove status; block and area; tree age and bearing status; productive-period assumption; crop year; prior land condition; irrigation source and volume; nutrient and soil-amendment records; crop protection; energy; harvest method; raw and accepted pod masses; moisture; grade and destination; reject and loss fate; conditioning operations; and declared gate

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_managed_orchard_to_pod_gate	all conforming datasets	Include managed orchard or cultivated-grove production, harvest, collection, and the declared primary conditioning up to transfer of accepted whole pods at the producing or first-conditioning gate.	fao-feedipedia-carob; fao-carob-nwfp-chapter7; iso-14044-2006
boundary_perennial_asset_period	establishment, replacement, and non-bearing periods	Link establishment, replacement, and immature-tree inputs to the declared productive period and accepted pod output; disclose the annualization horizon, crop-year linkage, and any non-bearing period.	fao-feedipedia-carob; carob-macronutrients-water-2005; iso-14044-2006
boundary_primary_conditioning_only	drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading	Include only first conditioning needed to reach the declared whole-pod gate. Stop before kibbling, milling, seed separation, gum extraction, roasting, syrup, flour, or other downstream transformation.	fao-feedipedia-carob; carob-drying-characteristics-2016
boundary_unmanaged_wild_exclusion	wild or feral-tree harvest	Exclude unmanaged wild collection from this managed-production PCR; if the declared route has no managed production boundary, use a separately reviewed resource-removal methodology.	fao-carob-nwfp-chapter7
boundary_direct_exchange_completeness	resources, nutrients, residues, and emissions	Include measured or method-calculated land occupation, irrigation or direct withdrawal, energy, nutrient-related environmental exchanges, residues, rejects, and losses when they occur within the declared boundary.	carob-macronutrients-water-2005; ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4; iso-14044-2006
boundary_recursive_product_input	same-category product inputs	Do not recursively expand a whole-pod product input. Record the external input identity and upstream dataset requirement, or document why no same-category input crossed the boundary.	iso-14044-2006

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
carob_orchard_production	Managed carob orchard or cultivated-grove production	required	include the declared managed bearing area, crop-year management, and attributable establishment or replacement activity	foreground perennial biological production	orchard area, productive period, crop year, and harvestable pod mass
carob_harvest_and_collection	Carob harvest and collection	required	include removal of ripe pods from the managed production context and their collection into the raw-pod lot	foreground harvest capture and production hand-off	harvested-lot mass before primary conditioning
carob_primary_conditioning	Carob primary drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading	conditional	include when any drying, cleaning, sorting, or grading occurs before the declared gate; omit only for an explicitly unconditioned hand-off	foreground raw-to-prepared conditioning	accepted, downgraded, rejected, and moisture-loss masses at the declared gate

Process: Managed carob orchard or cultivated-grove production (carob_orchard_production)

Inputs

Product flows

Carob planting or replacement stock (carob_planting_and_replacement_stock)

Record nursery plants, grafted trees, or other planting material only when trees are planted or replaced in the declared managed orchard or cultivated grove. Existing trees are represented through the declared starting condition and productive-period accounting, not as a recurring planting input.

• Selected flow: Carob nursery stock or replacement tree material (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Item count or mass / item or kg

• Amount rule: measured planting or replacement quantity by block and event, linked to the declared productive period

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

• Sources: fao-feedipedia-carob

Urea fertilizer (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_urea)

Collection scope and applicability for carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs. The following concrete identities have separate cards and apply only when use or generation is evidenced inside the original process scope. They are not mandatory inputs or a default recipe. Document non-use; missing records are not zero. Add a separate concrete card for any other actual material instead of substituting one of these names or UUIDs. Preserve attribution and boundaries and avoid double counting components included in outsourced services.

Collect each fertilizer product separately. Preserve each actual product identity, quantity, formulation, nutrient composition, application event, and allocation; do not count a compound product more than once. Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Urea 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Ammonium sulfate fertilizer (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_ammonium_sulfate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Ammonium sulfate 8c6f0cbb-16d7-4dc9-8d55-e8dea17d7faf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Triple superphosphate fertilizer (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_triple_superphosphate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Triple superphosphate fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-fertilizer-identities

Potassium chloride fertilizer (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Potassium chloride fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-fertilizer-identities

Cattle manure applied as fertilizer (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure applied as fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-organic-nutrients

Composted plant residues applied to soil (carob_orchard_production_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_plant_compost)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Composted plant residues applied to soil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005; fao-organic-nutrients

Irrigation water supplied (carob_irrigation_water_input)

Record delivered irrigation by source and orchard block. Rainfed production records a justified zero only when the route and field records support that condition.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water supply (UUID unresolved; resolve from the actual source and use)

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: metered, invoiced, or reconciled delivered irrigation volume by source, block, and crop year

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_irrigation_records

• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005

Diesel fuel (carob_orchard_energy_inputs_diesel)

Actual diesel orchard machinery for mowing, pruning support, nutrient application and access; irrigation pumps require their own equipment-specific supply evidence.

Activate only when equipment and purchase records identify this fuel at this node. Record grade, formulation, supplier and actual mass; convert volume using documented density, not a default. The UUID identifies a fuel product, not a combustion service or emission factor. Account for actual foreground combustion separately without duplicating an inclusive upstream service.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect only this carrier quantity attributable to this node under cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records. Reconcile inclusive services and shared use once; scale the attributed quantity by the declared reference amount divided by matched accepted final output quantity in the same product unit. Preserve process-native throughput records; do not renormalize a final-reference amount.
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records
• Sources: route-energy-fao

Apply carob_orchard_energy_inputs_identification in Section 8. No numerical range or default is inherited from the former aggregate card.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Orchard land occupation (carob_orchard_land_occupation)

Record the managed orchard or cultivated-grove area and occupation period. Land transformation is not assumed; any land transformation or prior land-use change must be separately evidenced and disclosed.

• Selected flow: Land occupation by managed carob orchard or cultivated grove (UUID unresolved; resolve from site and occupation type)

• Flow property / unit: Area-time / haa or m2a

• Amount rule: declared occupied area multiplied by the crop-year or annualized occupation period

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

• Sources: iso-14044-2006

Direct water withdrawal for orchard use (carob_orchard_water_withdrawal)

Record direct withdrawal from a natural resource only when the orchard withdraws the water itself and the same volume is not already represented by an upstream irrigation-supply dataset.

• Selected flow: Water resource withdrawal for carob orchard irrigation (UUID unresolved; resolve source and compartment)

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: measured or reconciled withdrawal volume by source, block, and crop year

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_irrigation_records

• Sources: carob-macronutrients-water-2005

Outputs

Product flows

Harvestable ripe pods at the production hand-off (carob_harvestable_pods_on_tree)

Record the ripe whole-pod crop available for independent removal from the managed production context. This is an intermediate product hand-off to the harvest process, not a second market output.

• Selected flow: Ripe whole carob pods with seeds retained (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured or reconciled harvestable pod mass for the block and crop year

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per bearing hectare and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_harvest_lot_records

• Sources: fao-feedipedia-carob

• Range: Typical harvestable-pod yield screening range

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 1.7
  • Upper: 7.0
  • Unit: t/ha crop year
  • Basis: bearing managed carob area and one crop year
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: fao-feedipedia-carob

Waste flows

Orchard pruning and removed biological residues (carob_orchard_residues)

Record pruning wood, removed fruit, leaves, or other biological residues only when they leave the field or are managed as a declared waste stream. Material retained and managed in the orchard is disclosed as an in-field residue condition and must not be counted as an off-site waste output.

• Selected flow: Carob orchard biological residue or pruning waste (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg as received or dry matter

• Amount rule: measured or reconciled residue mass by block, event, and declared destination

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

Outputs

Elementary flows

Nitrous oxide released to ambient air (carob_soil_nitrous_oxide_output)

Calculate direct and applicable indirect nitrous-oxide emissions from the declared nutrient, amendment, residue, soil, climate, and management records using the selected geographically applicable method tier.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to ambient air (UUID unresolved; resolve pollutant species and medium)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: method-calculated from declared nitrogen and residue activity data

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4

Ammonia released to ambient air (carob_soil_ammonia_output)

Calculate ammonia emissions when required by the selected method for the declared nutrient products, application method, amendment, soil, and climate context.

• Selected flow: Ammonia to ambient air (UUID unresolved; resolve pollutant species and medium)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3

• Amount rule: method-calculated from declared nutrient and amendment application records

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4

Nitrate release to the declared receiving medium (carob_nitrate_release_output)

Record or calculate nitrate release only when supported by measurement or the selected regional method. The foreground package must declare whether the receiving medium is soil or water before resolving the elementary-flow identity.

• Selected flow: Nitrate pollutant to the declared receiving medium (UUID unresolved; receiving medium required)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NO3-

• Amount rule: measured or method-calculated nitrate release linked to the crop-year nutrient and water-balance records

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4

Final exchange mass is kg NO3-; retain N-based activity, factors and screens in a separate ledger. Convert only the mass of N attributed to this chemical species by 62/14 exactly once, then normalize once to the accepted reference output. Do not treat total nutrient balance, soil retention or unexplained deficit as this release. Record each actual receiving compartment separately. Any gas-volume record requires its measured temperature, pressure and a supported mass conversion; it is not interchangeable with compound mass.

Process: Carob harvest and collection (carob_harvest_and_collection)

Inputs

Product flows

Harvestable ripe pods from managed production (carob_harvestable_pods_input)

Receive the ripe whole-pod hand-off from managed production. Do not count this process link as an additional market output.

• Selected flow: Ripe whole carob pods with seeds retained (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured or reconciled input mass by block, harvest lot, and crop year

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_harvest_lot_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Collected raw whole pods (carob_collected_raw_pods)

Record raw whole pods collected from the managed trees before the conditional primary-conditioning hand-off. The seeds remain embedded in the pods.

• Selected flow: Collected raw whole carob pods with seeds retained (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: weighed or reconciled collected raw-pod mass by lot

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_harvest_lot_records

Waste flows

Harvest-damaged or unmarketable pods (carob_harvest_damaged_or_rejected_pods)

Record damaged, immature, contaminated, or otherwise unmarketable pods as waste only when they do not leave the boundary as an intended whole-pod product. Declare the destination and do not count them as accepted product.

• Selected flow: Harvest-damaged or unmarketable carob pods (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg as received

• Amount rule: measured rejected mass by harvest lot, reason, and destination

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_harvest_lot_records

Uncollected or field-lost pods (carob_field_loss_and_uncollected_pods)

Record pods that fall, remain uncollected, or are lost during removal when they are not transferred as an intended product. State whether they remain in the orchard, are collected for another destination, or are otherwise managed.

• Selected flow: Uncollected or field-lost carob pods (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg as received

• Amount rule: measured or reconciled difference between harvestable pod mass, collected raw pods, and other declared destinations

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_harvest_lot_records

Elementary flows

Process: Carob primary drying, cleaning, sorting, and grading (carob_primary_conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Collected raw pods entering primary conditioning (carob_collected_raw_pods_input)

Receive the collected raw-pod lot. Natural air-drying is included when it occurs before the declared gate; supplied-air drying and its energy are recorded separately.

• Selected flow: Collected raw whole carob pods with seeds retained (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: weighed incoming lot mass and moisture at the conditioning entrance

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

Alternating current (carob_conditioning_energy_input_electricity)

Actual electric fans, conveyors, cleaning and grading equipment; do not impose forced drying on a documented natural-drying route, and identify any heater separately.

Activate only for documented alternating-current consumption at this node. The identity leaves voltage, technology and provider unspecified; record them and select compatible upstream supply. Preserve measured kWh and convert exactly to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; do not interpret electric energy as combustion fuel or useful heat.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 455f0ef5-6118-4f2b-a3f5-1f75e0afe3ca
• Flow property / unit: Energy (database reference property: net calorific value) 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect only this carrier quantity attributable to this node under cp_carob_conditioning_records. Reconcile inclusive services and shared use once; scale the attributed quantity by the declared reference amount divided by matched accepted final output quantity in the same product unit. Preserve process-native throughput records; do not renormalize a final-reference amount.
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records
• Sources: route-energy-fao

Apply carob_conditioning_energy_input_identification in Section 8. No numerical range or default is inherited from the former aggregate card.

Conditioning process water (carob_conditioning_process_water_input)

Record water only when washing or another water-using cleaning step occurs before the declared gate. Dry cleaning records a justified zero with the selected cleaning method.

• Selected flow: Process water for carob cleaning (UUID unresolved; resolve from actual use)

• Flow property / unit: Volume or mass / m3 or kg

• Amount rule: meter, delivery record, or reconciled water-use log by conditioning campaign

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Downgraded or alternate-destination whole pods (carob_downgraded_whole_pods_output)

Record a downgraded whole-pod grade as an intended product output only when it is deliberately transferred to a declared destination. If the material is discarded or not transferred as a product, use the reject card instead.

• Selected flow: Downgraded or alternate-destination whole carob pods with seeds retained (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured output mass by grade, lot, and declared destination

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

Accepted whole carob pods at the declared gate (carob_accepted_whole_pods_output)

Record the terminal accepted whole-pod output. The default market state is naturally dried or otherwise stabilized whole pods, but a route may declare an as-received hand-off when no conditioning is performed. No seed separation occurs in this card.

• Selected flow: Locust beans (carobs) a5e8d701-0314-4eba-a5ba-37ba590d469b

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: measured net accepted mass at the declared gate, excluding container tare

• Amount rule: 1 kg

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: terminal output scaled to 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

• Sources: carob-drying-characteristics-2016; carob-nutritional-characterization-2018

• Range: Primary-gate moisture screening interval

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 8
  • Upper: 15
  • Unit: percent mass basis
  • Basis: accepted whole-pod lot at the declared primary gate; retain measured value and buyer specification
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: carob-drying-characteristics-2016; carob-nutritional-characterization-2018

Waste flows

Conditioning rejects and foreign material (carob_conditioning_rejects)

Record stems, stones, soil, foreign material, damaged pods, and off-spec pods removed during cleaning, sorting, or grading. Declare whether each stream is reworked, sold as an intended product, returned to the field, sent to feed or another destination, treated as waste, or otherwise exits the boundary.

• Selected flow: Carob conditioning rejects and foreign material (UUID unresolved; intentionally blank)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg as received

• Amount rule: measured output mass by reject class, lot, and destination; reconcile with incoming and accepted or downgraded outputs

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

Elementary flows

Water vapour released from drying (carob_water_vapour_from_drying)

Calculate water vapour released from the measured input and output moisture balance when drying occurs within the declared boundary. The receiving medium and final elementary-flow identity remain unresolved until the route and identity review are complete.

• Selected flow: Water vapour to the declared receiving medium (UUID unresolved; receiving medium required)

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg water

• Amount rule: Determine supported evaporation on a closed water-mass control volume: incoming material water + actual added water + opening water stock - water in all accepted/co-product/reject/residue exits - separate liquid discharge/exports - closing water stock. Use measured wet mass times wet-basis moisture for each material stream, and compatible density for liquid volumes. Internal recirculation cancels. Retain actual rain/rewetting where relevant; total fresh/dry mass difference is not all water. Independently support all terms and the evaporation pathway; investigate an unexplained or negative balance rather than force it into a vapour release or clip it to zero. Keep water quantities distinct from dry-solids loss and other volatiles. Attribute and normalize the evidenced water release once using the original matched final reference.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_carob_conditioning_records

• Sources: carob-drying-characteristics-2016

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_single_intended_pod_output	a process with one deliberately transferred whole-pod product output	Assign the process burdens to the single intended whole-pod output. Treat field loss, rejects, and residues as waste only when their destination is not a deliberately transferred product.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_quality_destination_outputs	conditioning with accepted and downgraded or alternate-destination whole-pod outputs	First subdivide the route when grade-specific operations are independently measured. If common burdens remain shared, allocate them between deliberately transferred whole-pod outputs using mass allocation because the outputs retain the same whole-pod physical identity; use documented economic allocation only when a product-specific study demonstrates that mass does not represent the causal relationship. Report output masses, grade, destination, reference period, and factors.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_rejects_not_products	field losses, harvest rejects, and conditioning rejects	Do not allocate burdens to a rejected or residue stream merely because it has a possible downstream use. Reclassify it as an intended co-product only when it is deliberately transferred with a declared destination and identity, then apply allocation_quality_destination_outputs or a separately justified method.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_perennial_establishment_and_replacement	planting, establishment, replacement, and immature-tree activity	Annualize attributable events over the documented productive period and assign the annualized amount to the crop-year output basis. Retain original event mass, date, block, and assumption for audit.	fao-feedipedia-carob; carob-macronutrients-water-2005; iso-14044-2006
allocation_period_and_phase_linkage	multiple crop years, bearing phases, and replacement events	Link every input, output, establishment event, replacement event, and allocation factor to a declared crop year or life-cycle phase. Never attribute one event to two reporting periods without an explicit reconciliation.	iso-14044-2006

Concrete cards do not inherit numerical ranges from the former aggregate card. Determine quantities from original records, stock/meter reconciliation and the declared reference flow; no default quantity or numeric screen is supplied without evidence matching the identity, unit, period and boundary. Missing range evidence is a quality disclosure, not zero use or proof of completeness.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
carob_orchard_crop_protection_input_specific_input	cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records	Operation carob_orchard_production: Record each actual formulation, active ingredient or formulation identity when available, application event, applied mass, block, and target. Do not replace a missing formulation identity with a generic pesticide default. Original quantity method: sum measured formulation mass by product, event, block, and crop year

Route-specific energy identification requirements

Select energy exchanges from the actual product state, operation, equipment and supply records. The conditional cards below are not a mandatory or exhaustive fuel list. For each requirement, document applicability and the used carrier, supplier, service period, native quantity and allocation; add a separate physically specific card and verify its UUID for any actual input not yet represented. An unidentified input remains an explicit completeness gap, never a zero or a generic energy exchange. Evidence of manual work, ambient drying or a bypass can justify non-use only for the affected operation. Preserve every required operation even when no example card is supplied.

Separate purchased supply from on-site conversion. Link self-generated electricity internally to the foreground generator and count its actual fuel and emissions there once; do not also charge a purchased-electricity supply for the same internal transfer. Likewise do not count supplier-side fuel again with purchased heat. Reconcile shared meters and contractor-included energy against existing cards, with one physical quantity assigned once. Retain source quantities, output throughput, shared-service allocation and excluded post-gate activities. For each carrier, apply period/output attribution once and scale to the declared reference quantity using matched accepted final output in the same product unit; do not normalize an already normalized amount again. Process-native intensities require a measured throughput link to that final output. These requirements do not set a consumption default or certify dataset completeness.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Required operation and evidence
carob_orchard_energy_inputs_identification	cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records	Actual diesel orchard machinery for mowing, pruning support, nutrient application and access; irrigation pumps require their own equipment-specific supply evidence. Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao)
carob_harvest_energy_input_identification	cp_carob_harvest_lot_records	Actual manual beating/collection or powered shaking and conveying. A documented fully manual route can have no purchased operational energy; absent records cannot establish that condition. Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao)
carob_conditioning_energy_input_identification	cp_carob_conditioning_records	Actual electric fans, conveyors, cleaning and grading equipment; do not impose forced drying on a documented natural-drying route, and identify any heater separately. Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao)

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records	carob_orchard_production	planting stock, tree replacement, orchard area, nutrients, soil amendments, crop protection, fuel, electricity, residues, and orchard activities	orchard register, block map, planting or replacement invoices, application logs, supplier records, equipment logs, and residue destination records	block_id; species; cultivar_or_type; tree_age; bearing_area_ha; establishment_year; replacement_event; planting_material_quantity; product_name; product_mass; nutrient_basis; application_date; target; fuel; electricity; residue_mass; residue_destination; crop_year	collect event records by block and reconcile with supplier, operator, and equipment records; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by block and crop year; retain product and nutrient fields before normalization; link annualized events to the declared output basis Route-specific requirements: carob_orchard_energy_inputs_identification: Actual diesel orchard machinery for mowing, pruning support, nutrient application and access; irrigation pumps require their own equipment-specific supply evidence. Raw activity or stage basis: per crop year and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao) Verify actual use, equipment and supply for each applicable input; create one specific exchange per actual carrier before dataset completeness. Missing identity or quantity evidence remains unresolved, never zero. Distinguish purchased supply, internal generation and inclusive contractor services; count their energy once. Do not substitute the conditional examples for an unverified route. carob_orchard_crop_protection_input_specific_input: Operation carob_orchard_production: Record each actual formulation, active ingredient or formulation identity when available, application event, applied mass, block, and target. Do not replace a missing formulation identity with a generic pesticide default. Original quantity method: sum measured formulation mass by product, event, block, and crop year Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	mixed activity-specific units	each planting, replacement, application, energy event, and residue event; reconciled each crop year	one declared crop year plus productive-period records for annualization	each managed orchard or cultivated-grove block	per declared reference flow	invoices, field logs, orchard register, operator confirmation, and completeness reconciliation
cp_carob_irrigation_records	carob_orchard_production	irrigation water, direct water withdrawal, and pumping energy	meter logs, pump records, electricity bills, water bills, permits, source records, and documented water balances	block_id; source_type; rainfed_flag; meter_start; meter_end; irrigation_date; delivered_volume_m3; withdrawal_volume_m3; pump_kwh; source_quality; crop_year	read meters or reconcile invoices and source records to irrigation events and block area; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by source, block, and crop year; prevent double counting delivered supply and direct withdrawal	m3 and kWh	each irrigation event or billing period; reconciled each crop year	one declared crop year and irrigation season	each source and orchard block	per declared reference flow	meter or invoice evidence, permit or source checks, and water-balance reconciliation
cp_carob_harvest_lot_records	carob_harvest_and_collection	harvestable pods, collected raw pods, harvest energy, field loss, and harvest rejects	harvest log, scale ticket, block record, contractor statement, lot record, and destination record	block_id; harvest_date; lot_id; harvest_method; harvestable_mass_kg; collected_mass_kg; field_loss_mass_kg; damaged_mass_kg; destination; fuel_quantity; electricity; crop_year	weigh or reconcile each harvest lot and record the removal and collection method; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum harvestable, collected, lost, and rejected masses by block and lot before normalization Route-specific requirements: carob_harvest_energy_input_identification: Actual manual beating/collection or powered shaking and conveying. A documented fully manual route can have no purchased operational energy; absent records cannot establish that condition. Raw activity or stage basis: per harvest campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao) Verify actual use, equipment and supply for each applicable input; create one specific exchange per actual carrier before dataset completeness. Missing identity or quantity evidence remains unresolved, never zero. Distinguish purchased supply, internal generation and inclusive contractor services; count their energy once. Do not substitute the conditional examples for an unverified route.	kg pods and activity-specific energy unit	every harvest lot; reconciled each campaign	one harvest campaign and crop year	each managed block and receiving lot	per declared reference flow	calibrated scale or verified ticket, lot traceability, contractor evidence, destination evidence, and mass-balance check
cp_carob_conditioning_records	carob_primary_conditioning	incoming raw pods, drying, cleaning, sorting, grading, process water, accepted pods, downgraded pods, rejects, and water loss	intake ticket, conditioning batch record, moisture test, energy meter, water meter, grade record, reject record, and destination record	campaign_id; lot_id; input_mass_kg; input_moisture; drying_method; drying_start; drying_end; fuel; electricity; process_water_m3; cleaning_method; grade; accepted_mass_kg; downgraded_mass_kg; reject_mass_kg; reject_class; reject_destination; output_moisture; container_tare; gate ; all inlet/outlet material water including rejects/residues; actual added/rain water; separate liquid exports; opening/closing water stock; wet-basis moisture/density; supported evaporation and uncertainty	record each conditioning batch and reconcile moisture, mass, grade, energy, water, and destination records; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by lot and grade; preserve incoming and output moisture and tare; calculate water loss only after mass and moisture reconciliation Route-specific requirements: carob_conditioning_energy_input_identification: Actual electric fans, conveyors, cleaning and grading equipment; do not impose forced drying on a documented natural-drying route, and identify any heater separately. Raw activity or stage basis: per conditioning campaign and per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods. (route-energy-fao) Verify actual use, equipment and supply for each applicable input; create one specific exchange per actual carrier before dataset completeness. Missing identity or quantity evidence remains unresolved, never zero. Distinguish purchased supply, internal generation and inclusive contractor services; count their energy once. Do not substitute the conditional examples for an unverified route.	kg, percent, m3, kWh, L, or MJ as recorded	each conditioning batch; reconciled each campaign	one declared conditioning campaign and gate	each batch, lot, and declared receiving facility	per declared reference flow	calibrated scale, moisture method, meter records, buyer or grade specification, destination evidence, and batch balance

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	all crop-year, harvest, and conditioning rows	reference-normalized amount = measured or calculated amount x 1 kg / accepted whole-pod mass in kg; reporting tables may scale this to 1,000 kg by multiplying by 1,000	accepted_whole_pod_mass_kg; process_amount	amount per 1 kg or per 1,000 kg accepted whole carob pods	iso-14044-2006
calc_orchard_life_annualization	establishment, replacement, and immature-tree inputs	annualized event amount = documented event amount / declared productive-period allocation basis; link the annualized amount to the crop year and accepted output basis	event_amount; productive_period; crop_year_link; accepted_output_mass	annualized perennial input amount	fao-feedipedia-carob; carob-macronutrients-water-2005; iso-14044-2006
calc_moisture_mass_conversion	harvested, dried, accepted, downgraded, and rejected pod masses	dry matter = as_received_mass x (1 - moisture_fraction); water mass = as_received_mass x moisture_fraction; use only measured or declared moisture for the relevant lot	as_received_mass; moisture_fraction; sampling_method	dry-matter mass and water mass by lot	carob-drying-characteristics-2016; carob-nutritional-characterization-2018
calc_nutrient_product_to_basis	fertilizer and soil-amendment inputs	nutrient amount = actual product mass x documented nutrient fraction; retain product name, product mass, nutrient basis, and application event	product_mass; documented_nutrient_fraction; nutrient_basis	product and nutrient-basis amounts	carob-macronutrients-water-2005
calc_water_energy_reconciliation	irrigation, direct withdrawal, pumping, harvest, and conditioning energy	reconcile meters, invoices, contractor records, and equipment calculations by block or batch; do not sum duplicate records for the same activity	meter_records; invoices; source_records; equipment_calculation	reconciled water and energy totals	carob-macronutrients-water-2005
calc_soil_emissions	nutrient-related air, soil, and water elementary outputs	apply the selected geographically applicable method tier to declared nutrient, amendment, residue, soil, climate, and water activity data; disclose tier and factors	nutrient_inputs; amendments; residues; soil_parameters; climate_parameters; water_records	method-calculated emission amounts	ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4
calc_conditioning_mass_balance	harvest and primary conditioning outputs	residual_mass = input_mass - accepted_mass - downgraded_mass - declared reject_mass - other evidenced destination masses; residuals may not be silently assigned to accepted product	input_mass; output_masses; reject_masses; destination_masses	reconciled losses and residuals	iso-14044-2006
calc_shared_grade_allocation	shared conditioning burdens with two or more intended whole-pod outputs	mass allocation factor for grade i = grade i accepted mass / sum of deliberately transferred whole-pod output masses, unless a documented physical subdivision or justified economic method applies	grade_output_masses; method_decision	grade-specific allocated burdens and factors	iso-14044-2006
calc_drying_water_vapour	drying within primary conditioning	Water removed to air = incoming material water + actual external water addition + opening water stock - water in every outgoing accepted/downgraded/reject/residue stream - separately exported liquid water - closing water stock, using matched measured wet masses and moisture fractions or compatible densities. Internal recirculation cancels. Include actual rain uptake/rewetting; separate dry-matter and non-water losses. Establish actual evaporation and receiving air boundary from measurement or a supported closed balance; missing components or unexplained difference do not prove vapour or zero. Normalize once to matched accepted final output.	incoming_mass; incoming_moisture; output_masses; output_moistures; process_water	water-vapour amount to declared receiving medium	carob-drying-characteristics-2016
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_carob_orchard_lifecycle_records; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_and_qualifiers	reference flow, product outputs, planting stock, nutrient products, crop protection, and elementary outputs	Declare species, cultivar or type, managed production status, geography, gate, product state, seed-retention status, and identity evidence. Resolve all emitted identities before final TIDAS publication.	dataset metadata, lot records, product documents, and identity review
dq_period_and_phase_linkage	perennial orchard production	Link crop year, orchard age, bearing phase, establishment, replacement, and termination or abandonment events to the output period; unresolved attribution prevents finalization.	orchard register, block history, productive-period assumption, and annualization worksheet
dq_mass_reconciliation	harvest and primary conditioning	Harvestable, collected, accepted, downgraded, rejected, field-loss, and water-loss masses must reconcile within documented measurement uncertainty.	scale tickets, moisture tests, batch records, destination records, and reconciliation worksheet
dq_nutrient_basis_traceability	fertilizer and soil-amendment inputs and related emissions	Reconcile actual product, product mass, declared nutrient or amendment basis, application event, and emission method inputs. Missing product evidence cannot be replaced by a generic default.	supplier label or specification, invoice, application log, and calculation sheet
dq_activity_completeness	orchard, harvest, and conditioning activities	Cover every declared block, harvest lot, and conditioning batch. A rainfed, manual, or no-water condition must be recorded as a justified zero with route evidence.	block register, operator confirmation, meter or invoice records, and campaign reconciliation
dq_moisture_and_quality	accepted and downgraded whole-pod outputs	Report measurement method, sample point, moisture convention, grade or destination, seed-retention status, and buyer or local specification. Values outside the screening range require explanation, not automatic rejection.	moisture test, grade specification, lot record, and QA review
dq_flow_identity_and_uuid_resolution	all parameterized or unresolved identity rows	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.	concrete flow identity evidence
dq_boundary_and_fate_disclosure	complete foreground dataset	Disclose the declared gate, excluded downstream processing, wild-collection exclusion, conditioning route, reject and residue fate, packaging status, and any route extension.	boundary declaration, process notes, destination records, and downstream-use statement

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity_and_state	reference flow and terminal product output	Confirm that the terminal output is a whole ripe carob pod with pulp and seeds retained, expressed as net kg at the declared gate. A separated seed, pulp, gum, flour, or processed product must fail this PCR identity check.	fao-feedipedia-carob; carob-drying-characteristics-2016
validation_period_and_phase_linkage	perennial production and allocation	Confirm that every establishment, replacement, crop-year, bearing phase, output, and allocation event has a declared period or phase and cannot be attributed twice.	iso-14044-2006
validation_harvest_and_conditioning_mass_balance	harvest and primary conditioning	Confirm reconciliation of harvestable, collected, accepted, downgraded, rejected, field-loss, other destination, and moisture-loss masses. Unexplained residuals block finalization.	iso-14044-2006
validation_quality_output_attribution	grading and sorting outputs	Confirm every deliberately transferred grade or destination output has a hand-off, output mass, quality or destination descriptor, and an explicit allocation decision. Rejected material cannot be counted as accepted output.	iso-14044-2006
validation_nutrient_emission_linkage	nutrient inputs and elementary emissions	Confirm that nutrient-related emissions link to actual product and amendment records, residue and soil data, the selected method tier, and the declared receiving medium.	ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4
validation_flow_identity_resolution	parameterized and unmapped inventory rows	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.
validation_boundary_exclusions	complete foreground dataset	Reject or flag datasets that include kibbling, milling, seed separation, gum, flour, roasting, syrup, downstream storage, transport after the gate, unmanaged wild collection, or packaging end-of-life unless an explicitly reviewed boundary extension is recorded.	iso-14044-2006

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset
downstream_use	foreground managed-carob orchard, harvest, collection, and first-conditioning process data for downstream process and lifecyclemodel projections
allowed_use	modelling whole ripe carob pods with seeds retained at the declared producing or first-conditioning gate when identity, period linkage, mass balance, moisture, grade, and route records are complete
excluded_use	modelling unmanaged wild collection, separated seeds or pulp, locust bean gum, flour, powder, syrup, roasting, downstream storage or transport, consumer use, or another fruit category; unresolved identity rows are not final TIDAS exchanges
required_metadata	PCR id and lifecycle state; CPC reference; species and cultivar or type; managed orchard or cultivated-grove status; geography; orchard age and area; productive-period basis; crop year; irrigation and nutrient basis; harvest method; raw, accepted, downgraded, rejected, and loss masses; moisture convention; grade and destination; conditioning inclusion; seed-retention status; declared gate
required_quality_disclosure	temporal and site coverage; block, lot, and batch aggregation; measurement and calculation methods; missing-data and justified-zero treatment; moisture sampling; concrete flow identity verification; identity evidence gaps; allocation factors; reject and residue fate; and boundary extensions
update_trigger	change in product state, cultivar or route, orchard age or productive-period assumption, irrigation or nutrient practice, harvest technology, conditioning technology, grade or destination, concrete flow identity verification

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
fao-feedipedia-carob	official_guidance	FAO Feedipedia, “Carob (Ceratonia siliqua)”, https://feedipedia.review.fao.org/node/320	whole-pod terminology, perennial production context, harvest, air-drying, dry-matter indication, yield screening evidence, and separation of pulp and seeds
fao-carob-nwfp-chapter7	official_guidance	FAO, Non-Wood Forest Products for Rural Development, Chapter 7, https://www.fao.org/4/Y4351E/y4351e0b.htm	managed and wild route context, harvest context, crop timing, and primary kibbling boundary evidence
carob-drying-characteristics-2016	literature	Benković et al., “Assessment of Drying Characteristics and Texture in Relation with Micromorphological Traits of Carob Pods and Seeds”, Food Technology and Biotechnology 54(4), 432–440, DOI: 10.17113/ftb.54.04.16.4475	whole-pod drying behavior, moisture-basis calculation, and primary drying evidence
carob-macronutrients-water-2005	literature	Correia et al., “The use of macronutrients and water in marginal Mediterranean areas: the case of carob-tree”, Field Crops Research 91(1), 1–6, DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2004.05.004	carob water and nutrient management context and site-specific irrigation or nutrient collection
carob-nutritional-characterization-2018	literature	Papaefstathiou et al., “Nutritional characterization of carobs and traditional carob products”, Food Science & Nutrition 6, 2151–2161, DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.776	pod moisture and product-state characterization supporting QA screening
ipcc-2019-refinement-vol-4	method_factor	2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html	selection and disclosure of nutrient-, residue-, soil-, and climate-related emission calculation methods
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html	boundary, normalization, allocation, mass reconciliation, and data-quality method rules
fao-fertilizer-identities	official_guidance	FAO Fertilizer Specifications, https://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/plantnutrition/fertspecs/en/	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
fao-organic-nutrients	official_guidance	FAO How to Make and Use Compost, https://www.fao.org/4/i2230e/i2230e.pdf	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
route-energy-fao	official_guidance	FAO, Energy-smart food for people and climate (2011), Annex 2; and Energy use in agriculture and industry, Annex IV. https://www.fao.org/4/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf ; https://www.fao.org/4/Q1085e/q1085e0d.htm	Equipment/carrier possibilities only; site records govern applicability. No intensity, fuel share or default recipe is adopted.