Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and slips; mushroom spawn

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to living plant and fungal propagation material placed on the market for planting, transplanting, grafting, vegetative propagation, or inoculation. It covers nursery-raised plants and rooted young plants; bulbs, corms, rhizomes, tubers, tuberous roots, crowns, and other live roots intended for propagation; rooted or unrooted cuttings and slips; and mushroom spawn supplied on a declared carrier or substrate.

The foreground data package ends at the producing nursery, farm, laboratory, or spawn plant gate after propagation, growth or incubation, grading, phytosanitary or contamination screening, and gate preparation. Field and protected production, soil and soilless routes, bare-root and containerized products, tissue-culture-derived plants, and grain- or substrate-carried mushroom spawn are included when their route is declared.

Products intended primarily for direct human or animal consumption, harvested flowers and flower buds, seeds sold as seed, growing media sold without live propagation material, mushroom growing substrate sold without viable spawn, finished edible mushrooms, plant-propagation services without a product flow, and downstream crop cultivation after the propagation material leaves the producer gate are excluded. A concrete dataset shall not combine materially different species, propagation-material types, or production routes unless the aggregation and allocation are reported and the reference-flow qualifiers remain representative.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.live-plants-bulbs-tubers-and-roots-cuttings-and-slips-mushroom-spawn
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 01961, exact mapping context
covered_products	Live nursery plants; rooted young plants; bulbs, corms, rhizomes, tubers, tuberous roots, crowns and live roots for propagation; rooted and unrooted cuttings and slips; mushroom spawn on a declared carrier or substrate
excluded_products	Edible roots and tubers sold as food; cut flowers and buds; seeds sold as seed; un-inoculated growing media or mushroom substrate; harvested mushrooms; downstream crop cultivation; propagation services without a product flow
representative_product	A marketable lot of viable planting or propagation material meeting the producer's declared health, identity, and grade specification
production_route	Receipt or in-house establishment of source material; propagation setup; nursery growth or spawn incubation; grading and quality screening; producer-gate preparation
market_state	Living and viable, as sold at the producer gate; bare-root, containerized, dormant, actively growing, rooted, unrooted, or carrier-bound state declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Viable planting or propagation material capable of the declared planting, transplanting, grafting, vegetative-propagation, or mushroom-inoculation function
How much	1 kg net saleable material on the declared as-sold mass basis
How well	Meets the declared species or taxon, cultivar or strain, propagation-material type, viability or establishment criterion, phytosanitary or contamination status, size or grade, and carrier or growing-medium specification
How long or cycle	One completed production batch or crop cycle ending at the producer gate; production duration and any dormancy, storage, or incubation interval declared
reference_flow_link	The reference flow is the final saleable output of grading_and_gate_preparation, normalized to 1 kg net saleable material

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Planting or propagation material; exact Tiangong product-flow UUID pending correction of the CPC-matched generic flow's reference-property defect
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	scientific or accepted product name; cultivar, clone, or mushroom strain when relevant; propagation-material type; rooted or unrooted state; dormant or actively growing state; bare-root, container, or carrier form; declared net product mass boundary; count or propagule quantity per kg where meaningful; included growing-medium or carrier mass; excluded detachable container and packaging mass; moisture or as-sold condition; marketable grade; viability or establishment criterion; phytosanitary or contamination status; production route; production geography; producer-gate condition

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference-flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package. The mass reference provides an inventory normalization basis only; it does not establish functional equivalence among species, grades, planting units, or mushroom-spawn formulations.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Final reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize all inventory results to 1 kg net saleable material at the producer gate. Measure on the declared as-sold basis and retain weighbridge, scale, batch, or packing records.
net_product_boundary	Product, growing medium, carrier, containers, and packaging	Mass	kg	Include living material and any carrier or growing medium intentionally delivered as an inseparable constituent of the propagation product. Exclude detachable containers, trays, sleeves, crates, and transport packaging from reference-product mass and record them as separate inputs.
count_to_mass	Plants, bulbs, roots, cuttings, slips, and other count-based records	Mass and number of items	kg and item	When operational records use counts, measure or sample saleable mass and count for the same representative lot. Report items per kg and sampling coverage; do not apply an unsupported generic count-to-mass factor.
moisture_condition	Products and growing media whose mass changes with water content	Mass	kg	State the weighing condition, irrigation or drainage interval, and whether free surface water is excluded. Do not convert to dry matter unless measured moisture data and the conversion are retained.
nutrient_and_crop_protection_basis	Fertilizers, amendments, disinfectants, and plant-protection products	Product mass and active or nutrient mass	kg	Record formulated-product mass and declared N, P, K, active ingredient, or disinfectant concentration separately. Do not substitute nutrient or active-ingredient mass for purchased-product mass.
water_volume	Irrigation, washing, sanitation, and process water	Volume	m3	Use metered or supplier-record volume. If mass records are converted to volume, retain measured density or a documented water-density convention and the temperature basis.
energy_preservation	Electricity, fuel, steam, and heat	Energy or fuel-specific property	kWh or MJ; native fuel unit retained	Preserve metered energy and fuel quantities by carrier. Convert kWh to MJ only with 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ and do not merge electricity, heat, and fuel into one undifferentiated energy amount.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Source plant, bulb, root, cutting, slip, tissue culture, mother-stock derivative, fungal culture, spawn inoculum, or other propagation input as received or established for the declared route
starting_condition_role	Upstream propagation input or internally maintained biological source entering the foreground production system
product_classification_scope	Products conforming to the semantic boundary of CPC 3.0 code 01961; classification is mapping context and does not define the canonical PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	A purchased input that is itself in this product category is recorded once as an upstream product input. Do not recursively reconstruct its nursery or spawn-production inventory inside the receiving process.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use a supplier-specific or representative upstream dataset for purchased same-category propagation material, growing media, carriers, fertilizers, energy, containers, and other material inputs; disclose any proxy, geography mismatch, or omitted upstream burden.
disclosure	Declare source-material origin and health status, production route, protected or open production, soil or soilless system, container and growing-medium configuration, mushroom-spawn carrier, producer-gate point, excluded downstream stages, and any same-category input treated by the recursive rule.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_required_foreground	All datasets	Include propagation setup, nursery growth or spawn incubation, grading, quality screening, and producer-gate preparation performed by or for the reporting producer. Include associated water, energy, growing media or carriers, nutrient and crop-protection inputs, containers, packaging, yields, rejects, wastewater, and on-site waste handling.	wur-floripefcr-2024; fao-quality-planting-material
boundary_route_conditionals	Route-specific operations	Include sterilization, aseptic transfer, inoculation, incubation, and contamination removal for mushroom-spawn production when performed. Include protected-environment heating, cooling, lighting, ventilation, irrigation recirculation, field operations, and phytosanitary treatment only when they occur in the declared plant-production route.	fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001; ippc-ispm-36-2012; wur-floripefcr-2024
boundary_recursive_input	Same-category propagation inputs	Stop category recursion at the declared starting condition: represent purchased same-category material with an upstream dataset and a disclosed quantity, supplier, health or quality state, and proxy status.	ippc-ispm-36-2012
boundary_downstream_exclusion	Post-gate stages	Exclude outbound distribution, retail, planting at the customer site, subsequent cultivation, harvest of crops or mushrooms, use-stage care, and end-of-life unless the study goal explicitly expands the boundary and reports those stages separately.	wur-floripefcr-2024; ingram-et-al-2019-landscape-plants
boundary_traceability	Biological identity and plant health	Maintain forward and backward lot traceability, source-material identity, examinations, pest or contamination findings, corrective actions, treatments, and sanitation records for the foreground production period.	ippc-ispm-36-2012; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
propagation_setup	Propagation material and production-medium setup	required	Always required; route-specific inputs and operations are selected according to the declared plant or mushroom-spawn route	Foreground establishment of the biological source, growing medium, carrier, container, and initial batch	Established propagation batch entering nursery growth or spawn incubation
growth_and_incubation	Nursery growth or mushroom-spawn incubation	required	Always required; nursery cultivation applies to plant material and sterile incubation applies to mushroom spawn	Foreground biological growth, environmental control, irrigation, nutrition, plant protection, and batch monitoring	Viable batch transferred to grading
grading_and_gate_preparation	Grading, quality screening, and producer-gate preparation	required	Always required	Foreground separation of saleable and rejected material, final conditioning, counting or weighing, and packaging	1 kg net saleable reference product

Process: Propagation material and production-medium setup (propagation_setup)

Inputs

Product flows

Source biological propagation material (source_propagation_material)

Purchased or internally transferred plants, bulbs, roots, cuttings, slips, cultures, inoculum, or other source material crosses the setup boundary when it is assigned to the production batch.

• Selected flow: Route-specific propagation material; use a verified species- and state-appropriate Tiangong flow when available
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and, where meaningful, number of items / item
• Amount rule: Measured received or transferred quantity assigned to the batch, with internally maintained mother stock allocated only for measured renewal, maintenance, or harvested propagule burdens
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per established propagation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_source_material
• Sources: ippc-ispm-36-2012

Growing medium or propagation substrate (growing_medium)

Growing medium is recorded when it is filled into beds, trays, pots, plugs, or other propagation units. The peat-free Tiangong flow below is selected only when the recorded product matches that description; other formulations require a verified formulation-appropriate flow.

• Selected flow: Growing medium, peat-free (nursery substrate) 23acdfcc-398e-4755-b93b-8a246fc992e5, when applicable
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured batch mass by formulation, including moisture condition and any reused fraction
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per established propagation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_medium_and_carrier
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024; ippc-ispm-36-2012

Grain or other mushroom-spawn carrier (spawn_carrier)

For mushroom spawn, record the sterilized carrier receiving the fungal culture. The wheat flow is selected only for wheat carrier; sorghum, millet, sawdust, compost, or other carriers require a verified carrier-specific flow.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238, when wheat is the recorded carrier
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured dry and as-loaded carrier mass assigned to the spawn batch; report carrier identity and moisture basis
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per inoculated spawn batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_medium_and_carrier
• Sources: fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Setup and sanitation water (setup_water)

Water used to mix media, soak carriers, wash reusable equipment, or sanitize the setup area is included when it is consumed within this process.

• Selected flow: water 419682fe-60fb-4b43-be89-bf2824b51104
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered process volume or allocated supplier volume; separate water incorporated in product from cleaning discharge
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per established propagation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Waste flows

No waste input is required. Reused media, carriers, containers, or biological material entering from another system shall be recorded as a product or waste input according to its actual transfer status and treatment requirement.

Elementary flows

Directly abstracted groundwater or surface water, if applicable, shall be represented with the correct elementary flow in the concrete dataset and reconciled with cp_water; do not also record the same volume as supplied water.

Outputs

Product flows

Established propagation batch (established_batch)

The prepared, planted, rooted, grafted, or inoculated batch is an internal product output transferred to nursery growth or spawn incubation.

• Selected flow: Internal established propagation batch; no external product-flow UUID required
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and batch count / batch
• Amount rule: Calculated from source material, medium or carrier, water retained, containers, and measured setup rejects
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per established propagation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_setup_yield
• Sources: fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Waste flows

Rejected or contaminated setup material (setup_rejects)

Non-conforming source material, contaminated carrier, spilled medium, and unusable setup material are recorded before on-site treatment, composting, disinfection, or off-site transfer.

• Selected flow: Route-specific biological or mixed setup waste; select a verified waste flow in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured reject mass by material and destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per established propagation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_discharge
• Sources: ippc-ispm-36-2012; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Elementary flows

No elementary output is prescribed. Record measured direct emissions from sterilization, disinfection, or on-site combustion in the concrete dataset when they cross the environmental boundary.

Process: Nursery growth or mushroom-spawn incubation (growth_and_incubation)

Inputs

Product flows

Established propagation batch input (established_batch_input)

The internal output from propagation_setup is transferred without adding an upstream burden a second time.

• Selected flow: Internal established propagation batch
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and batch count / batch
• Amount rule: Equal to the transferred output of established_batch
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per growth or incubation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_setup_yield
• Sources: fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Irrigation and process water (growth_water)

Include irrigation, misting, fertigation, humidity control, washing, and incubation-room sanitation water. Record recirculated water separately from make-up water and purge or discharge.

• Selected flow: water 419682fe-60fb-4b43-be89-bf2824b51104
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered make-up water and other blue water use allocated to the declared crop or spawn batch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per viable batch transferred to grading
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024; ippc-ispm-36-2012

Fertilizers and nutrient amendments (nutrient_inputs)

Record fertilizer and amendment products for nursery-grown plants. Mushroom-spawn nutrients already present in the declared carrier are not duplicated here.

• Selected flow: Other mineral or chemical fertilizers containing at least two nutrients, n.e.c. 82940075-2add-45f5-8fdd-8126dcd0c759, only when the purchased product matches
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product; kg N, P, and K reported separately
• Amount rule: Purchased or mixed formulated-product mass applied to the batch, reconciled with opening stock, receipts, closing stock, and losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per viable batch transferred to grading
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrients_and_treatments
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024

Plant-protection, disinfectant, and sanitation products (treatment_inputs)

Include plant-protection products, disinfectants, and sanitation chemicals actually applied. Keep biological crop protection and physical treatments separately identifiable.

• Selected flow: Pesticides 4b5aaf18-4297-4ff1-aaef-237d08e4b8f1, only for a matching formulated product; otherwise select a verified treatment-specific flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg formulated product and kg active ingredient
• Amount rule: Measured product use assigned to the batch by application or sanitation log
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per viable batch transferred to grading
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrients_and_treatments
• Sources: ippc-ispm-36-2012; wur-floripefcr-2024

Electricity for environmental control and operations (electricity)

Include electricity for pumps, lighting, ventilation, cooling, environmental control, clean areas, incubation, monitoring, and handling. Select a verified geography- and voltage-appropriate electricity flow in the concrete dataset.

• Selected flow: Site electricity supply; Tiangong candidate 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163 requires flow-property verification before adoption
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered electricity or documented submeter allocation to the declared batch and production period
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per viable batch transferred to grading
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024; ingram-et-al-2019-landscape-plants

Heat, fuel, or steam (thermal_energy)

Include route-specific heating of protected production, carrier sterilization, pasteurization, hot-water treatment, or humidity control. Preserve the actual carrier and do not add steam if its generating fuel or purchased heat is already recorded for the same service.

• Selected flow: Steam 293f9fd9-5182-4d35-8aa5-ce73d4f322b7, when purchased or separately generated steam is the recorded carrier
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg steam and associated energy / MJ; other fuels in their native units
• Amount rule: Metered thermal carrier or fuel quantity assigned to the batch; for in-house generation retain efficiency and exported-energy records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per viable batch transferred to grading
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001; wur-floripefcr-2024; ingram-et-al-2019-landscape-plants

Waste flows

No waste input is required unless an incoming residue is intentionally treated or reused in this process; such an input shall retain its actual waste status and upstream treatment boundary.

Elementary flows

Direct land occupation, self-abstracted water, and resource inputs shall be included with verified elementary flows when they cross the environmental boundary. Do not duplicate supplied technosphere inputs.

Outputs

Product flows

Viable batch transferred to grading (viable_batch)

The nursery-grown or incubated batch meeting the internal transfer criterion is weighed or counted before final grading.

• Selected flow: Internal viable propagation batch
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and item or package count where applicable
• Amount rule: Measured transfer mass and count after growth or incubation, before final grading
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per growth or incubation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_yield_and_quality
• Sources: fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Waste flows

Culled plants or contaminated spawn (growth_rejects)

Dead, diseased, off-grade, contaminated, or otherwise non-saleable material removed during growth or incubation is recorded before any sanitation, reprocessing, composting, or disposal.

• Selected flow: Route-specific biological waste; select a verified waste flow in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured cull or contamination mass by reason and destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per growth or incubation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_discharge
• Sources: ippc-ispm-36-2012; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Wastewater or recirculation purge (wastewater)

Wastewater and nutrient-solution purge leaving the foreground site are recorded by destination, with measured volume and available nutrient, disinfectant, or contaminant concentrations.

• Selected flow: Route- and treatment-specific wastewater flow selected in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered discharge volume by destination; composition calculated only from paired volume and representative concentration measurements
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per growth or incubation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_discharge
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024

Elementary flows

Direct nutrient and treatment emissions (direct_emissions)

Record measured emissions or calculate them with a declared reviewed method from foreground applications, recirculation losses, discharges, and treatment records. Do not infer a universal emission factor from purchased product mass.

• Selected flow: Substance- and compartment-specific elementary flows selected in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg emitted substance
• Amount rule: Measured discharge or declared method calculation from collected foreground inputs and site conditions
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per growth or incubation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_discharge
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024

Process: Grading, quality screening, and producer-gate preparation (grading_and_gate_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Viable batch input (viable_batch_input)

The viable batch from growth or incubation enters final grading without duplicating prior burdens.

• Selected flow: Internal viable propagation batch
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and item or package count where applicable
• Amount rule: Equal to the transferred output of viable_batch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per final grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_yield_and_quality
• Sources: fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Containers and primary packaging (containers_and_packaging)

Record pots, plugs, trays, sleeves, bags, bottles, labels, ties, and other packaging delivered with the product. Reusable transport items are amortized by documented trips and losses and remain excluded from reference-product mass.

• Selected flow: Material- and article-specific packaging flows selected in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and number of items / item
• Amount rule: Measured packaging mass and count assigned to saleable output, with recycled content and reuse rate retained where claimed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per saleable grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024; ingram-et-al-2019-landscape-plants

Grading and sanitation utilities (gate_utilities)

Include electricity, water, and treatment products used for final cleaning, grading, weighing, labelling, and gate storage when not already captured by a whole-site allocation.

• Selected flow: Utility-specific verified flows selected in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: kWh, MJ, m3, or kg as applicable
• Amount rule: Metered or documented allocation to final grading and gate preparation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per saleable grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: wur-floripefcr-2024

Waste flows

No waste input is required.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed. Include self-abstracted resources only when they cross the environmental boundary and are not already represented as supplied product flows.

Outputs

Product flows

Saleable planting or propagation material (reference_product)

The final marketable output is weighed on the declared net as-sold basis and carries all required reference-flow qualifiers. The exact CPC-matched Tiangong generic product-flow UUID is withheld until its reference-property defect is corrected or a suitable replacement is published.

• Selected flow: Planting or propagation material; exact verified Tiangong product-flow UUID pending
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg net saleable output, excluding detachable containers and packaging and including declared inseparable carrier or growing medium
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_yield_and_quality
• Sources: fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001

Waste flows

Final off-grade and packaging waste (gate_rejects)

Final off-grade product, trimming, broken containers, damaged packaging, and laboratory or phytosanitary samples not returned to the saleable lot are recorded before treatment or transfer.

• Selected flow: Material-specific waste flows selected in the concrete dataset
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by waste type, cause, and destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per final grading batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_discharge
• Sources: ippc-ispm-36-2012; wur-floripefcr-2024

Elementary flows

No elementary output is prescribed. Direct emissions from on-site waste treatment or sanitation are included only when measured or calculated with a declared reviewed method.

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision_first	Shared production lines and operations	Subdivide processes and use meters, batch logs, material issues, or direct labour or equipment records before applying allocation. Keep nursery production, spawn production, and materially different protected, field, or laboratory routes separate where records permit.	wur-floripefcr-2024
allocation_shared_space_time	Shared nursery, greenhouse, field, clean-room, incubator, and gate utilities	Allocate unmetered shared burdens using the closest causal driver: occupied area-time and plant density for nursery space; measured load, chamber volume-time, or cycle time for sterilizers and incubators; throughput mass or handling time for grading. Report the driver and sensitivity.	wur-floripefcr-2024
allocation_saleable_and_rejects	Saleable product and non-saleable biological material	Treat rejects and contaminated material as waste when they have no intended product function or revenue. Do not assign an avoided-burden credit merely because they are composted, disinfected, reused, or sent to another treatment.	ippc-ispm-36-2012; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001
allocation_multiple_saleable_products	Multiple saleable species, grades, propagule types, or co-products	Prefer separate batch inventories or physical allocation by measured mass, occupied area-time, batch load, or another demonstrated causal relation. If no defensible physical relation exists, economic allocation may be used only with prices, period, currency, shares, and sensitivity disclosed.	wur-floripefcr-2024
allocation_mother_stock	Mother plants, stock cultures, and reusable source systems	Allocate measured maintenance and renewal burdens across the propagules or spawn batches produced during the represented productive period. Do not allocate historic establishment burdens without a documented service life and output basis.	ippc-ispm-36-2012

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_source_material	propagation_setup	Source biological propagation material	Supplier receipt, internal transfer, and lot-identity record	supplier; source lot; taxon; cultivar, clone, or strain; material type; origin; received mass; count; health or contamination status; treatment; destination batch	Reconcile receiving, transfer, quarantine, and production records by lot	kg; item; lot	Every receipt or transfer	Full represented production period	All source-material receiving points for included sites	Sum mass and count by source lot and destination batch; retain rejected receipts separately	Supplier document, lot label, inspection or test record, and forward/backward traceability
cp_medium_and_carrier	propagation_setup	Growing medium, substrate, or spawn carrier	Batch formulation and issue record	material identity; supplier; formulation; dry or as-received mass; moisture; reused mass; container or bed destination; carrier treatment	Weigh ingredients and reconcile inventory issues to prepared batches	kg; % moisture	Every preparation batch	Full represented production period	All media and carrier preparation for included products	Sum by formulation and batch; do not combine peat, coir, mineral, soil, grain, or other materially different carriers without disclosure	Scale record, formulation sheet, supplier specification, and treatment log
cp_water	propagation_setup; growth_and_incubation	Water input, recirculation, and discharge	Meter, supplier invoice, tank, and irrigation-control record	source; meter opening and closing; make-up volume; recirculated volume; incorporated volume; discharge volume; allocation driver; date	Read dedicated meters where available; otherwise reconcile site balance and documented allocation	m3	Meter interval and each batch or irrigation cycle where available	Full production cycle and at least the represented annual operating period for continuous sites	All included production zones and water sources	Sum make-up water by source; keep recirculation and discharge separate; normalize to saleable output	Calibrated meter, invoice reconciliation, irrigation controller export, and water-balance check
cp_nutrients_and_treatments	growth_and_incubation	Fertilizers, amendments, crop protection, disinfectants, and sanitation products	Purchase, stock, mixing, and application record	product; formulation; active ingredient; N, P, K content; opening stock; receipts; closing stock; applied mass; batch or area; date; treatment reason	Reconcile stock balance and application logs; retain product labels and concentration calculations	kg product; kg nutrient or active ingredient	Every application or sanitation event; stock reconciliation at least monthly	Full represented production period	All included production areas and clean or incubation rooms	Sum formulated product and active or nutrient mass by product and batch; report unexplained stock variance	Invoice, stock record, application log, calibration record, label or safety data sheet
cp_energy	growth_and_incubation; grading_and_gate_preparation	Electricity, fuel, heat, steam, cooling, and gate utilities	Meter, fuel receipt, boiler, CHP, chamber-cycle, and equipment log	carrier; meter opening and closing; purchased quantity; generated quantity; exports; efficiency; equipment; batch; operating time; allocation driver	Use submeters first; otherwise reconcile site energy and documented causal allocation	kWh; MJ; kg steam; native fuel unit	Meter interval and every sterilization or major thermal cycle	Full production cycle and represented annual operating period	All included buildings, fields, greenhouses, clean rooms, incubators, and gate areas	Preserve carriers; sum by process and batch; subtract exports only as separately reported outputs	Meter calibration, invoice reconciliation, fuel log, boiler or CHP record, and cycle record
cp_setup_yield	propagation_setup	Established propagation batch and setup rejects	Batch mass-balance record	source mass; medium or carrier mass; retained water; container mass; established batch mass; setup reject mass; unexplained difference	Weigh or count inputs, internal output, and rejects for the same batch boundary	kg; item; batch	Every setup batch or representative sampled batches with coverage declared	Full represented production period	All included setup routes	Reconcile inputs to established batch, separately delivered container mass, rejects, and measured stock change	Signed batch sheet, scale checks, and mass-balance review
cp_batch_yield_and_quality	growth_and_incubation; grading_and_gate_preparation	Viable transfer batch, saleable output, grade, and viability	Production, grading, inspection, test, and packing record	batch; taxon or strain; start date; end date; route; input count or mass; viable transfer mass; saleable net mass; count; grade; viability or establishment test; pest or contamination finding; rejected mass; weighing condition	Weigh and count the same lot; apply declared quality test and retain sample plan	kg; item; % viability; lot	Every saleable batch	Full production cycle; aggregate only comparable batches	All included production and grading sites	Sum saleable net mass and count by homogeneous product and route; calculate weighted quality metrics from tested units	Calibrated scale, packing record, inspection or laboratory result, sample plan, and traceability record
cp_packaging	grading_and_gate_preparation	Containers and packaging	Bill of materials, issue, return, and reuse record	article; material; mass per item; item count; recycled content; reusable trips; losses; supplier; destination batch	Weigh representative articles and reconcile issued and returned counts	kg; item; trip	Each packaging specification and saleable batch	Full represented production period	All gate preparation and packing operations	Multiply verified mass per item by net issued count; divide reusable packaging by documented completed trips and include loss replacements	Supplier specification, sample weighing, stock reconciliation, and return log
cp_waste_and_discharge	all processes	Biological rejects, contaminated material, packaging waste, wastewater, and direct emissions	Waste ticket, on-site treatment log, discharge meter, sample, and calculation record	waste type; origin batch; mass or volume; contamination reason; treatment; destination; discharge volume; concentration; sample time; calculation method	Weigh transfers; meter discharges; pair representative samples with matching volumes; document on-site treatment	kg; m3; kg substance	Every transfer or treatment batch; discharge sampling at declared frequency	Full represented production period	All included waste and discharge points	Sum gross outputs by type and destination; never net recycling or treatment credits against input quantities	Licensed transfer record, scale ticket, treatment log, laboratory result, and mass or water balance

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_mass	Final saleable product	Net saleable reference mass = gross packed lot mass - detachable container and packaging mass - free water not part of the declared as-sold product. Include carrier or growing medium only when intentionally delivered as an inseparable product constituent.	cp_batch_yield_and_quality; cp_packaging	kg net saleable material	wur-floripefcr-2024
calc_count_mass_conversion	Count-based operating records	Items per kg = saleable item count / net saleable reference mass for the same sampled lot. Apply only to batches represented by the sampling plan.	cp_batch_yield_and_quality	item/kg and sampling coverage	fao-quality-planting-material
calc_inventory_normalization	Every inventory row	Normalized amount = batch- or period-specific gross amount assigned to the product / net saleable reference mass from the same batch or represented period.	Applicable collection protocol; cp_batch_yield_and_quality	amount per kg reference product
calc_setup_balance	propagation_setup	Reconcile source material + medium or carrier + retained water + separately tracked containers = established batch + setup rejects + measured stock change + disclosed residual.	cp_source_material; cp_medium_and_carrier; cp_water; cp_setup_yield; cp_waste_and_discharge	kg and residual percentage
calc_saleable_yield	Growth, incubation, and grading	Saleable yield = net saleable reference mass / mass entering the represented growth or incubation batch. Report cull and contamination rates separately by cause.	cp_setup_yield; cp_batch_yield_and_quality; cp_waste_and_discharge	kg/kg and % rejects	fao-quality-planting-material; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001
calc_discharge_emission	Measured wastewater substances	Emitted mass = matched discharge volume × representative measured concentration, after unit conversion. Do not apply a sample from a different operating state without representativeness justification.	cp_water; cp_waste_and_discharge	kg substance	wur-floripefcr-2024
calc_shared_burden	Unmetered shared operations	Allocate the gross shared amount using the declared causal driver and shares that sum to one. Use area-time and density, chamber load or volume-time, cycle time, throughput mass, or another documented driver appropriate to the operation.	cp_energy; production and space records	Allocated amount and allocation share	wur-floripefcr-2024

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_traceability	Product and source material	Every saleable lot shall link backward to source material and production route and forward to the producer-gate batch. Record taxon, cultivar or strain where relevant, propagation type, and health or contamination status.	Lot register, labels, supplier documents, inspection or laboratory records, and batch linkage
dq_measurement	Mass, count, water, energy, and application data	Use calibrated or verified instruments suitable for the measured range. Retain unit conversions, sampling design, meter allocation, and reconciliation residuals.	Calibration certificate, scale check, meter export, sampling record, and calculation workbook
dq_temporal	Foreground inventory	Cover at least one complete production cycle for every represented route. Continuous operations shall additionally use a representative operating period of at least 12 months or disclose and justify shorter start-up or campaign data.	Dated production, meter, purchase, batch, and sales records
dq_completeness	Foreground boundary	Include all required processes and all material water, energy, media or carrier, nutrient, treatment, container, packaging, yield, reject, wastewater, and direct-emission rows. Quantify or explicitly justify each omission.	Process map, input-output reconciliation, omission register, and reviewer sign-off
dq_route_and_geography	Upstream and foreground data	Match species or strain, propagation route, protected or open production, substrate or carrier, technology, geography, and time as closely as available. Disclose every proxy and its expected direction of bias.	Dataset metadata, supplier geography, technology description, and proxy assessment
dq_quality_and_health	Saleable output	Apply a declared marketable-grade and viability or establishment criterion. For plants for planting retain examination, pest-management, sanitation, corrective-action, and traceability records; for spawn retain contamination screening and incubation records.	Grade specification, sample plan, test result, examination log, sanitation record, and corrective-action record

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validation_identity	Product identity	Fail when the required qualifiers do not identify a homogeneous product, route, market state, and producer-gate point, or when food, cut flowers, seed, substrate-only, harvested mushroom, or downstream cultivation is included without separation.
validation_reference_mass	Reference flow	Fail when net saleable mass cannot be reconciled to gross lot mass, included carrier or growing medium, detachable containers and packaging, and free water, or when count-to-mass conversion does not use the same representative lot.	wur-floripefcr-2024
validation_process_coverage	Process inventory	Fail when any of propagation_setup, growth_and_incubation, or grading_and_gate_preparation is missing, or when route-conditional sterilization, incubation, protected-environment control, field operations, or phytosanitary treatment occurs but is omitted.	fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001; ippc-ispm-36-2012; wur-floripefcr-2024
validation_recursive_input	Same-category inputs	Fail when a purchased same-category propagation input is neither linked to an upstream dataset nor disclosed as a proxy, or when its burdens are recursively reconstructed and double counted.
validation_water_energy	Water and utilities	Fail when make-up water, recirculation, discharge, electricity, heat, steam, or fuels are silently netted, duplicated, or merged across carriers, or when shared-site allocation lacks a causal driver and shares summing to one.	wur-floripefcr-2024
validation_material_inputs	Media, carriers, nutrients, treatments, containers, and packaging	Fail when formulation or material identity, gross quantity, unit, and allocation to the represented batch are missing, or when nutrient or active-ingredient mass substitutes for formulated-product mass.	wur-floripefcr-2024
validation_spawn_route	Mushroom spawn	Fail when carrier identity and moisture, sterilization or pasteurization record, inoculation and incubation batch, contamination screening, rejects, or product strain and viability criterion are missing.	fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001
validation_plant_health	Plants for planting	Fail when source and lot traceability, examinations, pest or disease findings, sanitation, treatment, and corrective-action records required by the declared production or trade context are absent.	ippc-ispm-36-2012
validation_yield_waste_balance	Yield, rejects, wastewater, and emissions	Fail when saleable output, setup rejects, culls, contaminated material, wastewater, and other material outputs are not gross-reported and reconciled, or when treatment or recycling credits are silently netted.	ippc-ispm-36-2012; fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001
validation_allocation	Shared or multi-output systems	Fail when subdivision was feasible but not attempted, the chosen driver is unrelated to burden causation, economic allocation lacks price basis and sensitivity, or mother-stock burdens lack a documented productive period and output basis.	wur-floripefcr-2024
validation_no_functional_equivalence	Interpretation and comparison	Fail any claim that equal kg results establish functional equivalence among different species, grades, propagule types, count per kg, viability, establishment performance, or spawn formulations.
validation_tiangong_reference_identity	Reference product flow	Validation remains inconclusive until a published Tiangong product flow semantically matching the declared planting or propagation material also carries a compatible mass flow property; do not substitute the CPC-matched CTUe-referenced generic flow.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground producer-gate data package for a homogeneous live planting or propagation material and declared route
downstream_use	May be published as a secondary_dataset or background_dataset for crop establishment, nursery supply, vegetative propagation, grafting, or mushroom inoculation after review and UUID resolution; may support downstream process and lifecyclemodel projections
allowed_use	Product footprinting, supply-chain inventory, production improvement, and background modelling where geography, technology, route, product state, quality, and reference-flow qualifiers are representative
excluded_use	Functional-equivalence claims based only on kg; substitution among species, grades, propagule types, or spawn formulations without performance evidence; modelling edible crops, cut flowers, seeds, un-inoculated substrates, harvested mushrooms, or downstream cultivation as if covered by this producer-gate dataset
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product and taxonomic identity; cultivar, clone, or strain where relevant; propagation-material type; production route; site and geography; reference period; producer-gate point; net-mass definition; count per kg where meaningful; carrier, growing medium, container, and packaging configuration; viability, grade, phytosanitary or contamination status; allocation; upstream proxies; Tiangong flow identities
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; temporal, geographic, and technological representativeness; instrument and sampling evidence; batch and mass-balance residuals; water and energy allocation; material and waste completeness; health and contamination checks; proxy limitations; unresolved Tiangong reference-product identity
update_trigger	Change in species or strain, propagation route, carrier or growing medium, protected or open production, site, energy or water system, treatment regime, allocation method, product grade or viability criterion, packaging, upstream source, or correction of the Tiangong reference-product flow

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
ippc-ispm-36-2012	standard	International Plant Protection Convention, ISPM 36: Integrated measures for plants for planting, adopted 2012, official PDF: https://www.ippc.int/static/media/files/publication/en/2016/01/ISPM_36_2012_En_2015-12-22_PostCPM10_InkAmReformatted.pdf (retrieved 2026-07-30)	Plants-for-planting boundary, production-site plan, source and lot traceability, examinations, sanitation, pest management, records, corrective actions, growing-medium and irrigation-risk disclosure
wur-floripefcr-2024	standard	Broekema et al., Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules for Cut flowers and Potted plants: Final version, Wageningen Economic Research Report 2024-023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18174/549543 (retrieved 2026-07-30; used as 2024 method evidence, not as a claim of current validity after its stated 2025 validity date)	Functional-unit structure, horticultural process boundary, water, energy, fertilizer, growing-medium, packaging, waste, primary-data, allocation, and quality-rule design
fao-quality-planting-material	extension_guidance	FAO Family Farming Knowledge Platform / CIFOR-ICRAF, Quality Planting Material through Good Nursery Management, https://www.fao.org/family-farming/detail/en/c/1707870/ and linked full manual (retrieved 2026-07-30)	Nursery production decomposition, marketable healthy planting-material quality, readiness for transplantation, nursery management, and foreground collection design
fao-mushroom-cultivation-2001	extension_guidance	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Mushroom Cultivation for People with Disabilities: A Training Manual, RAP Publication 2001/12, https://www.fao.org/4/ab497e/ab497e00.htm (retrieved 2026-07-30)	Mushroom-spawn carrier preparation, sterilization, aseptic inoculation, incubation, contamination screening, rejects, sanitation, and recordkeeping
ingram-et-al-2019-landscape-plants	literature	Ingram, Hall, and Knight, “Understanding Carbon Footprint in Production and Use of Landscape Plants,” HortTechnology 29(1), 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04220-18	Corroboration of nursery and greenhouse foreground stages and the material relevance of energy, substrate, containers, fertilizer, and route-specific production conditions