Paper-backed plain-woven linen wallcovering conversion

1. Scope and Applicability

This method covers factory conversion of purchased, wet-processed, plain-woven pure flax/linen face fabric and purchased cellulosic paper backing into unprinted decorative textile wallcovering rolls using one purchased premixed waterborne laminating adhesive. Purchased fabric may already carry a declared dye or impregnation/repellent finish: its production and complete chemical treatment belong in the linked upstream fabric inventory. The visible face is actual woven linen, not a linen-effect print. Paper backing may include disclosed polyester reinforcement; its actual fibre and binder fractions require supplier evidence. No universal blend, adhesive chemistry, solids, coat weight, grammage, moisture, heat consumption or roll length is prescribed. Sources: innovations-confluence, desima-manufacture, jrc-textiles-bref-2023.

The foreground starts with finished fabric and backing receipt and includes aqueous adhesive preparation/dilution, tension-controlled bonding, actual drying, cooling, precision trimming, inspection, reeling, packaging, water-only cleaning, collected residues and actual utilities. This is a conversion method, not a claim that Confluence or Desima uses a particular adhesive recipe or energy system. Confluence establishes the pure-linen/paper-backed market product; Desima establishes adhesive lamination and upstream textile operations, while its polyester-warp variants are not evidence of pure-linen composition. Sources: innovations-confluence, desima-manufacture.

Exclude paper-faced printed wallpaper, wallpaper base paper sold before conversion, PVC-faced or polymer-film-faced wallcovering, glass fibre, silk, wool, cotton or linen-blend faces, loose warp-string rather than woven faces, decorative flock/metallic/printing applied at the converter, flame/hot-melt/solvent lamination, on-site dyeing or impregnation, and nonaqueous cleaning. On-site steam-boiler generation, biological effluent treatment, waste incineration, biomass fuel and self-generated power need separately supported extensions. Installation paste, hanging, use, replacement and end-of-life are downstream; no wall-service lifetime or fire/acoustic performance default is established.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.pulp-paper-and-paper-products-printed-matter-and-related-articles.textile-wall-coverings
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 32195; narrower; scope and accepted decisions: classifications/mappings/cpc-3.0-to-pcr.yaml and its referenced ADRs
covered_products	Unprinted, paper-backed plain-woven pure linen face wallcovering rolls; premixed aqueous adhesive bonding of purchased finished constituents
excluded_products	Other faces, printed/decorative-layer wallpaper, unconverted base paper, loose yarn warps, flame/hot-melt/solvent routes and on-site textile wet finishing
representative_product	Paper-backed basic-weave pure-linen wallcovering, illustrated by Innovations Confluence; no representative recipe or quantitative factory dataset
production_route	Purchased wet-processed woven linen and paper backing → aqueous adhesive application and controlled-tension lamination → actual drying/cooling → inspection, edge trimming, reeling and packaging; water-only cleaning and external waste handover
market_state	Accepted finished rolls at converter gate; width, roll length, moisture, retained treatments and package configuration declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Decorative woven-linen wall-surface covering delivered for installation; no quantified installed-wall service
How much	1 kg net accepted finished wallcovering at measured delivery moisture, excluding roll core and protective packaging
How well	Meet declared width, dimensional stability, bond/peel strength, colour/appearance, seam/fraying and applicable end-product performance acceptance criteria; no universal thresholds
How long or cycle	One factory-gate delivery; installed service life is outside this reference quantity
reference_flow_link	finished_wallcovering

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Textile wall coverings 8612229d-3bb2-42b7-98f6-678ca8a398a4
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	pure flax/linen woven face; upstream wet processing and any dye/impregnation/repellent treatment; actual paper backing fibre/PET/binder composition and forming route; adhesive trade grade, polymer/CAS, supplied wet mass, solids, residuals and supplier reference basis; measured finished areal mass and delivery moisture; width and accepted roll lengths; net product mass and measured core/package tare; drying heat route, gas/steam state and actual electricity voltage; utilities/provider gates; waste composition and external receiver; site, acceptance criteria and common reporting period

The broad finished textile-wallcovering identity has no opposed face, backing or manufacturing restriction. Use it only with the physical qualifiers above. A successful flow identity lookup does not establish an actual quantity or compatible supplier/background dataset. Declare all qualifiers in the data package; omissions leave applicability incomplete.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	finished_wallcovering	Mass	kg	S is the sum of accepted net wallcovering mass from calibrated gross-minus-measured-tare weighings for the reporting period. Exclude core, wrap, box and end caps; retain actual delivery moisture. Every exchange uses the same S.
area_mass	finished_wallcovering; linen_face; paper_backing	Mass	kg	Measure width, length and areal mass at matching conditioning/moisture. Area times measured kg/m2 gives kg; never use a catalogue grammage or standard roll length as production mass. Area is supplementary, not a second functional unit.
supplied_dry_basis	linen_face; paper_backing; laminating_adhesive; adhesive_waste; laminate_trim; collected_dust; cleaning_effluent	Mass	kg	Retain supplied wet mass, measured water/dry solids and each known constituent separately. Map to supplier reference quantity only after verifying wet/dry/concentration state. One adhesive row is one purchased formulation; internally mixing extra chemicals requires individual new atomic rows.
utility_basis	electricity; process_water; natural_gas; steam	Native reference property	MJ; kg; m3	Electricity native Net calorific value/MJ uses measured kWh × 3.6; no combustion heating value is inferred. Tap water native Mass/kg requires actual density if metered in m3. Gas native Volume/m3 requires matched T/P, wet/dry composition, Z and provider volume definition. Steam mass/state and net heat are separate; no MJ/GCV label proves net delivered heat.
particle_basis	pm_fine; pm_coarse; pm_over10; collected_dust	Mass	kg	Report escaped atmospheric PM2.5, PM2.5–PM10 and >PM10 as disjoint measured bins. Captured dust, internal return and exported dust are separate physical records; never add nested TSP/PM10/PM2.5 totals.
emission_basis	co2_fossil; co2_biogenic; co; methane; n2o; nox; so2; ammonia; vinyl_acetate; nmvoc; water_vapour	Mass	kg	Preserve actual chemical species, fossil/biogenic origin, phase and release compartment. NOx mass versus NO2-equivalent requires monitoring/provider/LCIA agreement and excludes N2O. NMVOC is a documented sum-indicator remainder and cannot duplicate speciated VOC or methane. Water vapour is emitted H2O, not withdrawal.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased finished wet-processed woven linen, paper backing, one premixed aqueous laminating adhesive and separate utility/packaging supplies
starting_condition_role	Foreground conversion starting condition; not an upstream life-cycle cut-off
product_classification_scope	The paper-backed plain-woven pure-linen subset of textile wall coverings; CPC label does not establish full coverage
recursive_input_rule	Internal laminate, adhesive, condensate and recovered dust transfers have identical quantities at sending and receiving stages and are counted only once at the external boundary. Purchased same-category material needs a declared compatible upstream gate; do not recurse indefinitely or duplicate final product outputs.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Require flax cultivation/retting/fibre preparation, yarn spinning, weaving and actual wet processing/finishes in the fabric chain; actual backing pulping/papermaking, PET reinforcement/binders where used; adhesive, packaging, utilities and external waste treatment. Match material, quantities, geography/year and supplier boundaries.
disclosure	Declare separate stage meters, upstream links, transport coverage, utility gates, waste receivers, gaps and capital-equipment treatment. A source or process outside the foreground is not assumed zero.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_conversion	wallcovering_converter	Include receipt losses, adhesive preparation/dilution, lamination/drying, cooling, inspection/trimming/reeling, packaging, water-only cleaning and attributable auxiliary operations in one converter unit; retain separately measured stages. Do not emit an intermediate laminate under the final reference UUID a second time.	desima-manufacture; jrc-textiles-bref-2023
boundary_upstream	linen_face; paper_backing; laminating_adhesive	A purchased fabric carries spinning/weaving and all actual dye/pretreatment/impregnation burdens through upstream links. Backing manufacture requires actual pulp/paper and reinforcement evidence; the unreinforced wallpaper-base route is not a proxy for cellulose/PET nonwoven backing. No sawmill or plywood survey supplies papermaking evidence.	jrc-textiles-bref-2023; jrc-paper-bref-2015
boundary_treatment	cleaning_effluent; laminate_trim; adhesive_waste; collected_dust	Handover to an external receiver is a waste exchange plus linked transport/treatment. It is not also a foreground elemental water/pollutant release. Document any real split branch; on-site effluent treatment needs an extension including its chemicals, sludge and direct releases.	jrc-paper-bref-2015; jrc-textiles-bref-2023
boundary_finish	linen_face; laminating_adhesive	Purchased retained treatments require declared supplier chemistry and mass/state evidence. Converter-applied stain repellents, FR or decorative coatings, onsite dyeing and additional mixed chemicals are outside this selected route; do not omit them if actually performed.	innovations-confluence; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
wallcovering_converter	Aggregated paper-backed woven-linen converter, cleaning and gate delivery	required	Declared purchased-constituent aqueous lamination route; actual stages metered separately	foreground production	1 kg net accepted delivered wallcovering

Process: Lamination, trimming and roll delivery (wallcovering_converter)

Inputs

Product flows

Finished textile fabric (linen_face)

Purchased plain-woven pure linen, already wet-processed. Retain supplier batch, weaving/desizing/dyeing and every impregnation/repellent/anti-fray treatment; colour and surface hand do not identify chemistry. Use delivered wet mass with measured moisture and actual treatment solids. Do not charge upstream treatment chemicals a second time at this converter.

• Selected flow: Finished textile fabric 4225514e-73b6-4dfa-90a6-804ad42f2d00
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies
• Sources: desima-manufacture, jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Wallpaper base (paper_backing)

Only actual paper backing used beneath the woven linen. Declare wet-laid/nonwoven forming route, cellulose source, measured PET reinforcement and each binder if present. Broad wallpaper-base identity permits this physical subset but is not evidence for an unreinforced kraft-furnish background. Record the whole purchased backing once, including its retained constituents.

• Selected flow: Wallpaper base df6968ae-6d39-4a15-b20e-233c83d9f785
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

Water-based film adhesive (laminating_adhesive)

One premixed supplied aqueous textile-to-paper laminating adhesive, not installation paste and not neat PVAc/PVOH. Record manufacturer/grade, polymer and CAS evidence, all known additives/residual monomers, actual water/solids, wet issue/return/stock and supplier wet/dry reference. The broad record gives no formulation or coat-weight default. Reject an actual solvent/hot-melt grade; separately identify extra chemicals if mixed at the site.

The source has no CAS or full formulation; its isolated CPC48341 photographic-film classification conflicts with the aqueous-adhesive name/comment and remains a disclosed metadata defect pending source/provider clarification. Match the complete Physical mixing and mild chemical modification route and actual supplier formulation; the comment does not prove zero organic content or emissions.

• Selected flow: Water-based film adhesive 226b0b51-78bf-446d-89f2-dbfc6740c312
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies
• Sources: desima-manufacture, jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Tap water (process_water)

Actual treated tap water for adhesive dilution and water-only equipment cleaning; split purpose submeter records but one external input. Native Mass/kg requires measured density for volume-meter readings; the database secondary coefficient is not site density. Water already in supplied adhesive is not another tap-water input. Direct abstraction and chemical-cleaning routes require extensions.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_utilities; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Alternating current (electricity)

Use this consumer-side <1 kV grid-average AC identity only where actual receipt is low voltage; the source geography is CN. Verify actual country/regional grid, year, consumer mix, voltage, supplier gate and included losses independently; use a different compatible provider for a non-CN supply rather than transferring the CN background. The native reference is Net calorific value/MJ, not evidence of generation technology; metered electricity kWh × 3.6 supplies energy MJ after provider-basis verification. Include line drives, actual electric drying, ventilation/capture, cooling and packaging with separate stage meters. An actual other-voltage/onsite-generation route needs its own compatible identity; no renewable mix is assumed from marketing.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_utilities; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Purchased process steam for indirect laminate drying (steam)

Conditional purchased industrial-boiler steam carrying heat for indirect laminate drying. The broad physical locator has native Mass/kg, despite its Heat name; it supplies no pressure, temperature, dryness, fuel, delivery gate or definition of that kg. Before a quantitative provider link, obtain explicit confirmation that the provider kg is delivered steam mass, with its actual supply/generation/return boundary; a successful UUID lookup is not that confirmation. Collect actual supply/return kg, gauge/absolute P, T, dryness, condensate and drain/blowdown states; retain the mass and water ledger separately from the measured delivery-minus-return enthalpy heat ledger. Do not infer MJ from Heat, equate GCV with net heat, invent a steam pressure or replace actual delivery mass by net heat. If the provider kg interface is unsupported, keep the dataset linkage unresolved while retaining measured steam and all return amounts. The original GCV/MJ and pressure-specific candidate rejections remain evidence history. Record each actual external condensate/drain handover as its own compatible atomic outgoing exchange, preserving measured return mass/state and an explicit UUID gap where unresolved; do not reuse the incoming steam UUID for liquid condensate or duplicate one physical return in water/emission branches. Equal internal steam transfers are not a second purchase; on-site steam-boiler generation requires a supported extension.

• Selected flow: Heat, from steam, in industrial boiler f80f700c-a9ca-47bf-b3f0-f0c435b291d7
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_utilities; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

natural gas in the gaseous state (natural_gas)

Conditional actual compressed pipeline natural gas for on-site gas-fired heater/furnace drying heat. Record meter T/P, wet/dry composition, compression factor Z, stock/line-pack and supplier reference volume. Native reference is Volume/m3, not Mass/kg; the secondary mass factor is not gas density. Gas-derived heat is an internal transfer; do not also purchase it under steam. Heater/furnace size, burner, control and load are required for an actual emission method.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume (93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a3c8-12da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_utilities; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

Polyethylene film (pe_wrap)

Conditional actual unbacked, non-self-adhesive, non-laminated PE protective film. A multilayer/barrier laminate or adhesive film is a different actual component with its own compatible row and retained amount. Weigh issued, retained, returned and scrapped film and declare PE grade/thickness/provider. Name/CAS9002-88-4/comments support the film; source CPC29220 classification is inconsistent and requires supplier/source clarification. Do not treat the classification defect as a verified recipe or substitute PET/TPT film.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies

Cardboard tube or Paper core (paper_core)

Actual cardboard cylindrical roll core; weigh representative cores of the same specification and reconcile counts and tare, rather than treating roll gross mass as product. Reusable-core circuits separately reconcile opening stock + receipts/customer returns = dispatched cores + final stock + actual damage/loss/discard, by matched core specification, count and measured mass. Trace ownership/custody, replacement manufacture, collection/return transport, cleaning and waste handover; assess actual reuse without a default number of cycles or charging every circulating core as newly manufactured. No automatic recycling credit.

• Selected flow: Cardboard tube or Paper core 78bf7f6e-519e-4b3d-82f0-eda15b2fee61
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies

Paper box (corrugated_box)

Conditional actual cut/fold/laminated paperboard outer carton matching the complete source route. Confirm actual laminated construction and supplier compatibility rather than asserting lamination from the generic carton name; a contrary plain-board construction needs a separately compatible identity with its actual mass retained. Record board construction, measured mass, recycled/virgin composition and supplier; this Paper box identity is not evidence for a particular corrugated-board fibre recipe. A non-folding tube or plastic crate is a different exchange.

• Selected flow: Paper box 12d5d744-7725-4dbc-b102-43c80547f777
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies

Moulded paperboard protective roll end cap (end_caps)

Conditional actual cellulose-pulp-moulded paperboard roll-end protector used as a protective packaging insert. This broad insert identity is not an exact end-cap shape or recipe. Confirm the actual moulded-pulp construction, fibre/binder/additive fractions, moisture, finish, measured per-cap mass/counts and supplier reference state/region/year. Its source comment excludes packaging from a historic balance for lack of quantities; that historic exclusion supplies no exemption here: collect and reconcile all actual end-cap mass in the separate packaging ledger, excluding it only from net wallcovering S. A die-cut/assembled board disc, plastic cap or metal closure needs its own compatible atomic identity and retained quantity; do not change its physical construction to fit this locator.

• Selected flow: Packaging insert, moulded pulp 75ec26b8-f2ed-4a61-8a46-0ceaf1008ace
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_supplies; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supplies

Outputs

Product flows

Textile wall coverings (finished_wallcovering)

Only final accepted paper-backed plain-woven pure-linen wallcovering rolls, at measured delivery moisture. Weigh each roll gross and actual core/package tare, reconcile warehouse and acceptance records. Keep stage-level laminate transfers in the physical ledger without a second product output here. Delivered package mass is retained separately in the gross physical ledger.

• Selected flow: Textile wall coverings 8612229d-3bb2-42b7-98f6-678ca8a398a4
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_output
• Sources: innovations-confluence, desima-manufacture

Waste flows

Linen-paper adhesive laminate cutting scrap (laminate_trim)

Actual solid bonded linen/paper/adhesive edge trims and rejected laminate exported independently to a receiver. This broad industrial-solid-waste locator contains no contrary material or treatment route and is not an exact composite recipe or receiver dataset. Measure each actual wet/dry mass, water, linen/cellulose/PET/binder/adhesive/finish fractions, particle/coarse state, hazard status and receiver acceptance; obtain provider reference moisture/composition and gate compatibility. Keep these composite solids separate from captured dust, liquid adhesive residue and cleaning effluent. Internal reused offcuts are equal transfers and not exported waste; no default paper-mill broke recycling or avoided-material credit. Garment-only scraps, unknown fast-fashion blends and pure-paper waste remain rejected specific alternatives.

• Selected flow: Waste solid 851fd235-5a89-4cf9-b7da-5c278ed1dcbb
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_waste; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

Spent aqueous textile-to-paper laminating adhesive (adhesive_waste)

Separately exported actual liquid spent aqueous laminating adhesive or liquid unreusable pot residue, distinct from water-only cleaning effluent even though both use the broad industrial-liquid locator. Record whole wet liquid mass, water/solids, actual polymer/additives/residuals, physical flowability, hazard status, stocks and receiver/provider reference moisture/composition/gate compatibility. If measured by volume, use the actual stream density at the measured T/state to obtain whole liquid kg; its H2O component remains wet kg times independently measured water fraction. A gel, semi-solid or dried residue is not this Liquid identity: retain its actual amount in a separately verified state-specific atomic row, with explicit UUID gap if necessary; never relabel or discard it. The source's generic hazard claim and list mentioning solids/gases do not establish actual hazard or permit incompatible states. Do not duplicate residue already included in cleaning effluent, transport or external treatment. Wafer-production glue residue remains rejected for its contrary origin.

• Selected flow: Waste liquid bdfc32cf-8028-40a8-a2e4-2d73422ece34
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_waste; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste liquid (cleaning_effluent)

Only whole untreated aqueous adhesive/textile cleaning liquid handed to an external treatment operator. Use weighed whole wet mass or measured whole volume times the actual stream density at its measured T/state, yielding native kg. Separately quantify carrier H2O = whole wet kg × independently measured water fraction and non-water solids/liquids; whole wastewater volume is not automatically pure-water volume and COD/BOD indicators are not extra physical constituents; keep water/solids/COD/BOD/chemical composition and receiver acceptance as separate evidence. The broad industrial Waste liquid identity supports liquid handover, not a pure-water, pharmaceutical or electrolytic-manganese wastewater substitute. No direct elemental water/pollutant discharge is added for this same branch.

• Selected flow: Waste liquid bdfc32cf-8028-40a8-a2e4-2d73422ece34
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_waste; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

Dust (collected_dust)

Actual captured dry cutting/reeling dust exported separately: linen and paper fibres plus actual PET, retained adhesive/finish solids and moisture. Weigh captured, internally returned, stocks and exported amounts independently. The broad industrial collector Waste/Mass identity is compatible but establishes neither particle share nor receiver treatment. Its housekeeping comment is not a sampling frequency. Captured dust is not escaped atmospheric PM.

The Chinese source comment describes generic poor degradability and a weekly cleaning suggestion; neither determines the actual biodegradability, composition, cleaning frequency or waste route of collected linen/cellulose/adhesive dust. Actual receiver/provider acceptance remains necessary.

• Selected flow: Dust 2a6c9b60-a075-45ec-b611-c3b4dd255935
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_waste; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

Elementary flows

particles (PM2.5) (pm_fine)

Post-control escaped PM2.5 from actual dry trimming/reeling and any applicable combustion. Quantify sampling and exhaust/operating coverage for this exclusive fine bin; unknown size distribution remains a data gap.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9293-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

particles (PM2.5 - PM10) (pm_coarse)

Post-control escaped particles above 2.5 µm through PM10 from the same assessed operations; obtain the exclusive interval by compatible simultaneous fraction measurements. Do not add a nested PM10 total.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5 - PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9501-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

particles (> PM10) (pm_over10)

Post-control escaped particles >PM10 from dry trimming/reeling and applicable combustion, kept separate from captured dust. Broad outdoor-air unspecified is not indoor worker exposure or freshwater particles. No default total-to-bin split.

• Selected flow: particles (> PM10) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

water vapour (water_vapour)

Actual H2O evaporated to outdoor air during adhesive drying and, where used, combustion. Reconcile measured inlet water/solids, product water, effluent, condensate, vapour and stocks; steam return is not atmospheric water. No assumed drying fraction.

• Selected flow: water vapour fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac04-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023, jrc-paper-bref-2015

carbon dioxide (fossil) (co2_fossil)

Conditional actual fossil CO2 from on-site natural-gas oxidation and evidenced fossil organic losses. Reconcile fuel carbon, non-CO2 emissions and stored/product/waste carbon. Do not copy a fuel heating value or assume all supplied polymer is emitted.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

carbon dioxide (biogenic) (co2_biogenic)

Record any actual biogenic CO2 released within the converter boundary separately from fossil CO2. Linen/paper carbon retained in product or sent to external treatment is not this emission. Normally absent oxidation requires documented non-use, not a GHG convention deleting LCI. Biomass combustion and on-site biological treatment are outside this route and require extension.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (biogenic) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c15-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

carbon monoxide (fossil) (co)

Conditional actual fossil CO from natural-gas combustion, after controls. Use measured CO mass, source origin and outdoor release; no biogenic or land-use-change correction identity.

• Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

Nitrogen oxides (nox)

Conditional NOx from actual natural-gas combustion. Native Mass/kg and CAS11104-93-1 identify an aggregate but do not establish NO2-equivalent. Document analyser/speciation, oxygen correction, exhaust basis and LCIA/provider mass convention; until consistent, quantitative linkage remains pending. Exclude N2O and do not characterize NO/NO2 twice.

• Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides f79d0f8f-2b0e-49cb-bed0-b1ea0fbd8625
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

methane (fossil) (methane)

Conditional actual fossil methane leakage and combustion slip inside the gate. Gas purchase is not itself a methane emission; retain leak/stack measurement or a reviewed source-specific method, not a correction flow.

• Selected flow: methane (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9610-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

nitrous oxide (n2o)

Conditional actual N2O from natural-gas combustion; this species is not NOx. Record molecular N2O mass and outdoor-air release; no factor is prescribed.

• Selected flow: nitrous oxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

sulfur dioxide (so2)

Conditional actual SO2 from gas sulfur oxidation. CAS7446-09-5 and outdoor-air release are specific; sulfur-oxides sum or a water-compartment SO2 row is not substituted. Require actual sulfur/stack basis, not a generic positive default.

• Selected flow: sulfur dioxide fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

ammonia (ammonia)

Conditional actual NH3 released from an ammoniated supplied adhesive or retained textile treatment during drying. Review grade chemistry, temperature and sampled exhaust. A BREF discussion is not proof every aqueous glue contains ammonia; ammonium is another species.

• Selected flow: ammonia 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

vinyl acetate (vinyl_acetate)

Conditional actual residual vinyl-acetate monomer released during drying, only if supplier/CAS and measurement support presence. CAS108-05-4 is not PVAc polymer or PVOH. Record remaining residual in product/waste and avoid duplicate NMVOC characterization.

• Selected flow: vinyl acetate 4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-8dc4-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-textiles-bref-2023

non-methane volatile organic compounds (nmvoc)

Conditional measured non-methane VOC remainder from actual combustion or adhesive drying. Inventory individual substances wherever possible; disclose analytical species coverage and mass/carbon convention. Highly impacting species cannot be hidden. Methane and already represented vinyl acetate/other VOC are excluded from this characterized remainder; a reported raw total is a reconciliation record, not an extra emission.

• Selected flow: non-methane volatile organic compounds 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a302-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass (93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66); unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect actual native-unit records using cp_air; divide the attributable period total by accepted net wallcovering S in cp_output. Record applicability and uncertainty; absent evidence is a gap, not assumed zero.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-ap42-gas

Every listed elementary row is an applicability check, not a default positive emission. UUID-bearing rows use outdoor air, unspecified, Mass/kg; record the actual release location/height and verify LCIA subcompartment compatibility. No indoor, soil, freshwater, delayed-emission or correction-flow identity is substituted. Survey the actual supplied formulation, retained textile treatments, drying/ventilation and controls; add each other actual chemical release as its own atomic row with direct identity and quantitative evidence. No unknown formulation or missing monitor justifies zero emissions.

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_separate	wallcovering_converter	Retain the complete physical process graph and unallocated mass/water/carbon ledger separately from the allocated environmental burden ledger. Internal sending/receiving transfers remain equal; actual product, packaging and waste masses are not multiplied by burden shares.	ec-ef-2021
allocation_hierarchy	wallcovering_converter	First investigate direct subdivision or justified system expansion; use a demonstrated causal physical relationship if allocation cannot be avoided. Other relationships, including economic allocation, require explaining why prior options fail, period/gate-consistent values and sensitivity. No fixed allocation share is given.	ec-ef-2021
allocation_quality	finished_wallcovering; laminate_trim; collected_dust	Allocate common line demand across actual grades using measured causally relevant drivers and retain their totals. Rejected laminate and waste do not become saleable co-products merely because sold; determine actual status and receiver function. No automatic avoided virgin-material or energy credit.	ec-ef-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

The protocols below are required future site collection specifications, not claims that a factory has already been surveyed. Collect one common representative reporting period with batches, starts/stops, rejected output, stocks and shared-line operations. Record actual frequencies/coverage and justify their representativeness; no historical single-factory amounts or catalogue recipes become defaults.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_output	wallcovering_converter	Accepted final delivery	calibrated measurement	article; batch/roll; acceptance; gross kg; actual core/package tare kg; net kg; width/length; measured kg/m2; actual water fraction; opening/closing finished stocks	Weigh accepted rolls with calibrated scales and measured matching tare; reconcile production/warehouse records. Use a validated water-specific method with disclosed composite/finish interference, not unverified drying loss as water. Aggregation: Sum accepted net wallcovering kg S; report per 1 kg reference flow	kg; m; m2; kg/m2	Each roll/batch and period reconciliation	Same declared common reporting period	One converter site and defined pure-linen article family	per 1 kg reference flow	Scale calibration; tare logs; water-method uncertainty; acceptance and stock reconciliation
cp_supplies	wallcovering_converter	Each purchased constituent, packaging and actual maintenance component	measured receipt/issue/return	row_id; supplier/grade; invoice; batch; wet kg; solids/water; polymer/CAS/residuals; backing fibre/PET/binders; fabric dye/finish; opening/closing stock; delivered package tare	Weigh receipt, issue and returns; reconcile actual stock movements and supplier composition/test records. Count-to-mass packaging conversion uses measured same-grade pieces. Verify upstream gate/reference quantity independently. Aggregation: Net attributable native-unit consumption divided by S; per 1 kg reference flow	kg; actual count; mass fraction	Each batch/lot and stock period	Same cp_output period, including rejected runs	Supplies physically attributable to selected converter articles	per 1 kg reference flow	Supplier grade/SDS/primary records; scales; measured solids; transaction/stock checks
cp_utilities	wallcovering_converter	Each water, electricity, gas and steam row	metered native quantities/state	stage; meter start/end; electricity kWh and voltage; water m3/density/T; gas m3/T/P/wet-dry composition/Z/provider conditions; steam supply/return kg/P/T/dryness/enthalpy; drains; condensate; downtime; shared-line drivers	Calibrated stage meters and state sampling; distinguish purchased utility from internal generated/returned transfer. Match provider reference basis and loss/generation gate before linking, retaining raw physical quantities separately. Aggregation: Each attributable native-unit amount divided by S; per 1 kg reference flow	kWh; MJ; kg; m3; state units	Meter intervals/state changes plus each batch attribution	Same cp_output period with operating/load coverage	Converter and attributable on-site utility equipment only	per 1 kg reference flow	Meter calibration; supply contract/reference definition; enthalpy and volume-convention reconciliation
cp_waste	wallcovering_converter	Each independent exported waste	weighed external handover	row_id; wet kg; dry solids; water; linen/cellulose/PET/adhesive/finish fractions; COD/BOD/chemistry for liquid; generated/captured; returned; stock; exported; receiver; transport and treatment	Weigh external handover separately from internal reuse and generation; use measured density for liquid volumes. Test actual composition and acceptance/hazard state with receiver evidence; do not infer recipe from broad waste name. Aggregation: Each attributable exported native-unit quantity divided by S; per 1 kg reference flow	kg; m3; concentration and fraction units	Each consignment and representative composition sampling	Same cp_output period with stocks reconciled	Converter external waste gate	per 1 kg reference flow	Weighbridge/receiver receipts; sampled composition and density; waste classification; equal internal transfer records
cp_air	wallcovering_converter	Each species or exclusive particle bin	sampled/continuously monitored emission	row_id/species/CAS; fossil/biogenic origin; stack/fugitive point; raw concentration; gas flow; T/P; wet/dry; O2 correction; sampling duration; hours/load/control; PM fractions; residual-monomer screening; NOx and NMVOC mass conventions; detection limit	Measure representative post-control emissions and simultaneous compatible exhaust volume/operating coverage; include starts/stops and fugitive sources. Estimate unmeasured components only with a reviewed applicable method and uncertainty. Verify raw analytical and database/LCIA conventions. Aggregation: Each attributable species or exclusive-bin emitted kg divided by S; per 1 kg reference flow	kg; mg/Nm3; Nm3; h; state units	Actual representative operating/load intervals with declared coverage	Same cp_output period; disclose unsampled conditions	Actual outside-air releases from converter and on-site gas-fired heater/furnace only	per 1 kg reference flow	Sampling/calibration reports; concentration-volume state agreement; controls/load records; speciation/particle reconciliation and uncertainty

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
net_product	finished_wallcovering	S = sum(accepted roll gross kg - corresponding measured core and packaging tare kg); S must be positive and stock-consistent in the common period.	cp_output	Net accepted product S in kg
normalize_period	all inventory rows	Each inventory amount = its measured attributable native-unit period total / S; final reference output = 1 kg. Preserve the unnormalized physical ledger. Do not average batch ratios without weighting by accepted net mass.	cp_output; cp_supplies; cp_utilities; cp_waste; cp_air	Native unit per 1 kg reference flow
dry_components	linen_face; paper_backing; laminating_adhesive; finished_wallcovering; laminate_trim; adhesive_waste; collected_dust; cleaning_effluent	Dry solids = measured wet mass × measured dry-solids fraction; water = measured wet mass × independently measured water fraction; other retained constituents = wet mass - dry solids - water. Quantify non-water volatile/liquid components separately and verify no overlapping fractions; drying loss is not all water. Reconcile each species retained, emitted or exported. Map actual constituent quantity to provider supply state; no assumed fibre/solids ratios.	cp_output; cp_supplies; cp_waste	Separate wet, dry and water ledgers
energy_conversion	electricity; natural_gas; steam	Electricity MJ = metered kWh × 3.6. Convert gas measured volume to provider reference T/P/wet-dry/Z conditions with a documented thermodynamic method. Net steam heat = incoming mass×specific enthalpy - all outgoing mass×specific enthalpy, in matched units; losses/state uncertainty retained. This net heat does not equal an unverified GCV reference quantity.	cp_utilities	Compatible native-reference utility quantity and separate physical heat ledger
emission_load	pm_fine; pm_coarse; pm_over10; co2_fossil; co2_biogenic; co; nox; methane; n2o; so2; ammonia; vinyl_acetate; nmvoc	Emitted kg = sum(matched concentration mg/Nm3 × exhaust Nm3)/1000000, plus separately measured fugitive kg. If using rate, integrate over measured covered hours. Preserve matching wet/dry/T/P/O2 states; a permit concentration or detection limit is not measured total load.	cp_air	Actual period species/bin kg before division by S	jrc-paper-bref-2015
balance_ledgers	wallcovering_converter	Reconcile incoming constituents, finished product including retained treatments, exported waste, actual water evaporation and stock change in wet/dry/water/carbon units. Record actual packaging delivery separately. Combustion carbon and air/oxygen accounting are a separate physical balance; retain fossil and biogenic origins. Equal internal transfers cancel at the outer gate. Do not force closure by inventing emissions or scaling physical co-products by burden shares.	cp_output; cp_supplies; cp_utilities; cp_waste; cp_air	Reconciled physical ledgers with residuals and uncertainty; separate allocated burden ledger	ec-ef-2021

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
identity_and_grade	all inventory rows	Investigate actual maintenance components separately: laminating/drive belts, rollers and replacement covers, trimming blades, dust filters, lubricants and any cleaning consumables. Record actual composition/state, stocks, service life/use allocation, measured mass, route/gate and spent material receiver; add compatible atomic input/output rows for actual use and disclose missing identities/amounts, without an invented bundle or assumed zero. Each adopted UUID must match actual substance/material, route/state, medium and native property. Broad identity remains distinct from supplier dataset representativeness and reference-quantity compatibility. Blank UUIDs and provider/convention gaps remain explicit.	Original identity fields and actual supplier/receiver records
textile_and_backing	linen_face; paper_backing	Confirm pure woven linen face and actual cellulosic backing structure. Retained finishing, PET reinforcement and binder data are mandatory when present; no paper-wallpaper furnish or textile blend default.	Upstream chain, batch grade and primary composition/route evidence
completeness	wallcovering_converter	Review every row for applicable/measured/not_applicable/missing status. Document proof of absence; add separate actual chemicals, packaging, wastes and emissions outside the minimum rows with method review where scope changes.	Site process walkdown, recipe/SDS, meter and receiver register
physical_vs_burden	wallcovering_converter	Preserve unallocated physical balances, equal internal transfers, output acceptance and stocks independently from allocated burdens; disclose residuals, detection limits and uncertainty.	Separate linked physical and environmental ledgers
temporal_provider	all inventory rows	Match one foreground reporting period and actual supplier region/year/technology and supply gate; disclose upstream transport, utility loss and waste treatment gaps.	Dated primary records and verified provider definitions

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validation_reference	finished_wallcovering	Exactly one product output represents the reference object and declares 1 kg net delivered product. All applicable rows and collection aggregation use the same accepted net S; area/moisture or a package gross mass cannot replace it.
validation_scope	linen_face; paper_backing; laminating_adhesive	Verify the selected physical face/backing, supplied-grade route and upstream dye/impregnation/finishes. Reject unverified conversions or contrary CAS/material/route; actual additional finishing or treatment requires supported scope extension.	innovations-confluence; jrc-textiles-bref-2023
validation_balance	wallcovering_converter	Require independent wet/dry/water/carbon and packaging ledgers, acceptance/stock reconciliation and same-amount internal links. Assess residuals against actual measurement uncertainty; allocation cannot repair an inconsistent physical balance.	ec-ef-2021
validation_release	pm_fine; pm_coarse; pm_over10; collected_dust; nox; nmvoc; cleaning_effluent	No nested PM double counting, captured-dust duplication, NOx/N2O conflation, VOC-species/total duplication or external-treatment/direct-water branch duplication. An unknown NOx/steam/provider basis is a pending linkage, not a validation pass for that dataset.	jrc-paper-bref-2015; jrc-textiles-bref-2023; epa-ap42-gas
validation_carbon	co2_fossil; co2_biogenic; methane	Keep actual fossil and biogenic releases in LCI regardless of a downstream GHG reporting convention; do not count retained linen/paper carbon as a release or import an external receiver's emissions into this converter twice.
validation_evidence	all inventory rows	Identity success, a source discussion, missing monitor or blank UUID does not supply an amount. Require real collected records or an applicable reviewed calculation; expose missing rows/coverage, unsupported relationships and uncertainty before dataset use.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset, only after actual data completion and separate dataset review
downstream_use	Gate-delivered paper-backed woven-linen wallcovering input with verified upstream material/utility and external-treatment links
allowed_use	The declared pure-linen/paper-backed aqueous lamination route and actual article, provider and reporting-period conditions
excluded_use	Other faces/lamination/finishing routes; paper wallpaper recipe; unconverted backing; installed-wall service equivalence; automatic fire/acoustic or lifetime claim
required_metadata	Article and full qualifiers; net reference/area/moisture; constituent formulations/retained treatments; process-stage and utility gates; supplier/receiver/transport boundaries; source period/region; allocation and dataset identifiers
required_quality_disclosure	Measured coverage, non-use evidence, uncertainty, physical/burden ledgers, blanks, unresolved provider/convention links, source classification defects and scientific-review status
update_trigger	Face/backing/finish/adhesive or supplied solids change; utility pressure/voltage/mix or gate change; new waste receiver/control; new period or corrected source identity/quantity evidence

11. Data Sources

source_id	type	reference	used_for
innovations-confluence	literature	Innovations, Confluence, manufacturer product specification; https://www.innovationsusa.com/item/confluence ; product description and Specifications, accessed 2026-10-11	Market example of basic-weave pure linen face and paper backing; Limitations: Manufacturer qualitative structure only; no adhesive/dye/finish recipe, quantity default or factory heat-route claim
desima-manufacture	literature	Desima, Textile Wallcoverings; https://www.desima.com/textile-wallcoverings/ ; Manufacture: raw materials, dyeing, weaving and wallcovering manufacturing, accessed 2026-10-11	Actual yarn/fabric/backing and adhesive lamination, trimming and upstream textile distinction; Limitations: Single producer; polyester-warp variants and yarn-bath/loom case quantities are not this pure-linen recipe or sector defaults
jrc-textiles-bref-2023	official_guidance	JRC, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Textiles Industry, EUR 31316 EN, 2023; https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2023-01/TXT_BREF_2023_for_publishing%20ISSN%201831-9424_final_1_revised.pdf ; §§2.1.1.12,2.5.1,2.10.1,2.10.3, printed20,35–36,116,125–126 (PDF55,70–71,151,160–161)	Flax/fabric upstream context, lamination/drying and formulation-dependent release screening; Limitations: Technical sector descriptions only; no guarantee of any producer formulation, chemical presence, process temperature or emission amount
jrc-paper-bref-2015	official_guidance	JRC, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Production of Pulp, Paper and Board, 2015; https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2019-11/PP_revised_BREF_2015.pdf ; §§2.2.2.1,2.2.2.2,7.1.10, printed48–50,670 (PDF86–88,708)	Upstream paper/manufactured net-output distinction, matched concentration-flow-period monitoring, paper-layer cutting dust screening; Limitations: Not a textile-wallcovering or PET nonwoven recipe; paper broke recycling cannot be assumed for bonded composite scrap; no mill case quantities or BAT-AEL factors transferred
epa-ap42-gas	official_guidance	US EPA, AP-42 §1.4 Natural Gas Combustion; https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/documents/1.4_natural_gas_combustion.pdf ; §§1.4.1–1.4.3, PDF1–2, original printed footer10/26	Conditional external natural-gas boiler/furnace emission species and measurement priority; Limitations: Preserve actual publisher footer edition marking without inferring chronology; no default gas composition/heating value, emission factor or permit/compliance limit; not electric/steam/biomass emissions
ec-ef-2021	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I §4.5, 2021; https://environment.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-12/Annexes%201%20to%202.pdf ; PDF63–64	Subdivision/system-expansion and justified physical/other allocation hierarchy; Limitations: Method hierarchy only; no PEF-conformity, sector allocation share, recycling default or avoided-product credit claimed