Binder-free rolled and sintered alumina grinding spheres

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: 0.1.0Last updated2026-10-22
Readiness: Review required

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

en-US · canonicalzh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:37291 · narrower

Source

library/pcrs/other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment/glass-and-glass-products-and-other-non-metallic-products-n-e-c/binder-free-rolled-sintered-alumina-grinding-spheressha256:50cf8c4e6470…

1. Scope and Applicability

This attributional PCR covers one declared grade of complete solid unglazed high-purity alumina grinding spheres made by binder-free water-assisted rolling and sintering. The foreground starts with whole purchased unfired alumina powder and actual separate water supplies. Keep actual on-site wet sand milling, drying, crushing and screening; powder seed formation, rolling/growth and green-ball repair; drying, sintering and cooling; actual post-sinter grinding/polishing, size classification, cleaning and tests through unique first quality release. Include transport, utilities, controls, equipment service, failures, zero-output runs, start/stop, idle, cleanup and pre-release rework. Preserve original-cohort packing/FG services separately.

Exclude hollow ceramic shells, hollow spray-dried feed granules as finished output, raw alumina powder, fused abrasive grains, bonded grinding wheels, zirconia/zirconium-silicate/steatite/glass/steel media, cylinders/satellites, refractory packing/support balls, crucibles, electrical insulators, tableware, decorative ceramics, sanitaryware and construction ceramics. Added binder/sintering-aid recipes, isostatic pressing and sol-gel routes require renewed applicability assessment and their real additional exchanges; they are not this binder-free rolling route. Buying finished balls and repacking does not implement manufacture.

The patent route, commercial media comparisons and sector BREF are a transparent technical synthesis, not one SKU, plant or order. Figure 1 includes powder-preparation steps beyond the prose starting at screened powder; declare supplier versus on-site operations rather than erase that difference. The BREF distinguishes unfired hollow spray granules from dense fired objects and presents other forming/material routes. After firing, actual required finishing and final control remain inside manufacture. No source establishes a universal mass per sphere, recipe, yield, energy intensity, emission factor, abrasion life, environmental harmlessness or compliance result. cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.glass-and-glass-products-and-other-non-metallic-products-n-e-c.binder-free-rolled-sintered-alumina-grinding-spheres
classification_refs	CPC:3.0:37291; narrower
covered_products	One grade of complete solid unglazed high-purity alumina grinding spheres
excluded_products	Exclude hollow ceramic shells, hollow spray-dried feed granules as finished output, raw alumina powder, fused abrasive grains, bonded grinding wheels, zirconia/zirconium-silicate/steatite/glass/steel media, cylinders/satellites, refractory packing/support balls, crucibles, electrical insulators, tableware, decorative ceramics, sanitaryware and construction ceramics. Added binder/sintering-aid recipes, isostatic pressing and sol-gel routes require renewed applicability assessment and their real additional exchanges; they are not this binder-free rolling route. Buying finished balls and repacking does not implement manufacture.
representative_product	First-released binder-free rolled sintered alumina spheres
production_route	This attributional PCR covers one declared grade of complete solid unglazed high-purity alumina grinding spheres made by binder-free water-assisted rolling and sintering. The foreground starts with whole purchased unfired alumina powder and actual separate water supplies. Keep actual on-site wet sand milling, drying, crushing and screening; powder seed formation, rolling/growth and green-ball repair; drying, sintering and cooling; actual post-sinter grinding/polishing, size classification, cleaning and tests through unique first quality release. Include transport, utilities, controls, equipment service, failures, zero-output runs, start/stop, idle, cleanup and pre-release rework. Preserve original-cohort packing/FG services separately.
market_state	Unique first quality release at declared moisture; subsequent packaging and FG services separately accounted

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply the declared grade of solid alumina spheres for downstream grinding
How much	1 kg net finished spheres at first release
How well	Actual size distribution, sphericity, assay, phase, contamination and required quality tests; no assumed equal grinding service
How long or cycle	One manufacturing cohort; actual subsequent service horizon H separate, with no use-life assumption
reference_flow_link	finished_spheres

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Abrasives `685e7b7f-1555-4112-aa0b-3786e5508534`
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Units of mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	site region period and actual supplier; one complete solid sphere grade and intended grinding use; alumina assay crystalline phase impurities and supplied powder form; binder-free water-assisted rolling and actual supplier versus on-site preparation; actual furnace energy atmosphere heating cooling and failed operating modes; fired size shape surface finish and quality tests; unique first-release net mass Q and measured moisture; opening closing raw WIP unassigned stores and per-exchange inherited burden vectors; FG cohort gross dispatch returns and original release bridge; service horizon H and original cohort Qc; each packaging material ownership full stocks and gross physical movements; equipment lining sagger tooling installed fluid stocks and actual service basis; each real species phase compartment origin and independently measured state; carrier mass heat enthalpy provider water convention and real external returns; allocation evidence data uncertainty missing identities and downstream use limits

Every required qualifier must be declared in actual dataset metadata or equivalent complete reference-flow/process context. Per kg is a production declared unit, not equal grinding function; count, catalogue density and secondary flow coefficients cannot establish kg per sphere. The native grinding-media member is a broader Product family qualified to this complete sphere grade; it is not provider approval, a pure Al2O3 mass or a default purity/quantity.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`	kg	Reference output is 1 kg of net spheres at unique first release. Collect Q by calibrated scale and batch quality records with moisture declared and packaging excluded. No count or inferred-density conversion.
native_units	each inventory exchange	Native extensive property	native unit	Preserve row extensive properties: materials/species kg, electricity MJ, metered gas volume m3 and transport t km. Original kWh times 3.6 gives MJ; no mass requirement imposed on energy or volume.
state_conversion	physical measurements	Substance-specific measured property	native unit	Integrate genuine rates over recorded intervals; already integrated volume is not multiplied by time again. Volume-to-mass needs independent substance-specific density and measured temperature/pressure/composition. Phase-change water and actual supply/return enthalpy need separate evidence; never assume water density.
physical_balance	mass and element subledgers	Mass	kg	Use independent wet/dry mass, phase, free water, structural water, reaction species and relevant elements at physical gates. One residual cannot fit two unknowns. Sintering densification/shrinkage does not automatically generate reaction water or CO2.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Whole purchased unfired high-purity alumina powder in actual supplied form/moisture; separate real water supplies
starting_condition_role	foreground_material_receipt
product_classification_scope	Narrow candidate within CPC 37291; accepted narrower association is governed by classifications/mappings/cpc-3.0-to-pcr.yaml and its decision record; scientific review remains pending
recursive_input_rule	Bought same-category sintered balls used as milling media need compatible upstream burdens; internal self-produced transfers cancel with inherited burden/service retained and never replace new-ball manufacture
upstream_dataset_requirement	Match whole material chemistry/phase/supplied form, grade, route, supplier geography and extensive unit without duplicate formulation subcomponents or supplier-included operations
disclosure	Unfired powder through first release; disclose supplier/on-site preparation split and original-cohort subsequent services. Cradle-to-gate needs compatible upstream links and explicit consolidation

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
b_route	manufacture	Include every actual operation from whole purchased unfired powder to first-released complete fired spheres, including preparation shown in Figure 1 if operated on site and actual post-sinter finishing/tests. Declare supplier preparation with compatible upstream burdens; never replace manufacture by finished-ball purchase.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_classification	applicability	The complete solid sintered alumina spheres are technical grinding media within the narrower CPC3.0:37291 scope; do not use residual37299 while this explicit technical use applies. Retain the binder-free water-assisted rolling route and exclusions for refractory packing/support balls, powders and bonded wheels. The accepted association follows the canonical mapping and correction decision; firing temperature or alumina chemistry alone does not establish refractory end use, and native UUID identity is separate.	`unsd-cpc3-explanatory-2025`; `wco-hs2022-ceramics`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `cafc-schlumberger-2017`
b_stock	manufacturing numerator	For each exchange retain opening/closing raw, WIP and unassigned non-WIP material-store inherited burden vectors, plus all failures, zero-output, hot hold, start/stop, idle, cleanup and rework. Already-released closing FG is inside Q: neither subtract its manufacture burden nor add it as another production output. Gross receipts/pool entries before stock corrections and already stock-adjusted consumption must be distinguished. Retain corrections already included, reconcile only remaining unincluded vectors and never correct the same raw stock twice. Independently record every raw/WIP/non-WIP opening/closing physical quantity and complete inherited exchange vector.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_service	original cohort	Keep released product burden with original cohort Qc. Record only actual subsequent packing, storage, handling, dispatch, return, retest and real cleaning/rework increment over observed H. Reinspection, returns and reshipment do not create production. Consolidation cancels internal Q transfer once. Actual post-release repair/regrinding/refiring requires governing manufacturer/design permission, continued whole-grade applicability, measured new/removed material and water phases, required retests and acceptance or waste disposition. Patent green-ball shaping before sintering does not authorize restoration of broken fired media.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_atomic	all exchanges	Each actual purchased whole formulation, material, fuel, carrier, packaging, waste and real species is an atomic row. Add any actual unlisted exchange with specific identity and destination; no other/zero collection may hide it. Whole formulations are purchased once with assay/water/active content subaccounts only; site preparation instead retains each real purchased ingredient and operation.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_physical	manufacture service combined	Reconcile whole physical mass and relevant Al/O/H/C/N/S element accounts at manufacture, FG-service and combined gates before allocating burdens. Do not scale gross physical exchanges by economic shares. Internal recycle, sagger reuse and circulation cancel only transfers; real energy, loss and inherited burdens remain. Gross air species replace the aggregate air row rather than duplicate it.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_assets	physical asset stock and service	For each machine, kiln, refractory, sagger and tool preserve physical additions, installed opening/closing stock, repair components, deposits, moisture, in-machine fluid and retirement separately from current attributable service burden. Use actual asset/service evidence; no fixed life, equal virgin replacement for reuse, or whole asset per kg.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_pack	each packaging material	For each carton, PE film and wooden pallet type/ownership/grade reconcile opening empty + attached WIP + attached FG + reusable stocks + new purchases + packaging received on raw supplies + external returns received = closing corresponding stocks + gross packaging shipped out + external supplier/pool returns + waste. Internal reuse cancels. Actual additional lids, labels, straps and liners each require their own full bridge. Supplier-included packaging burden is not purchased again; physical receipt remains. Include actual separately measured repair additions/removals and water uptake/release as respective ingress/egress, without duplicate amounts already in other wet-article flow terms. Opening/closing stocks retain full wet physical mass; material retained in closing stock does not eliminate its corresponding real inflow. Reconcile dry matter/water and actual source/phase/destination independently; add each real specific repair/water exchange before use, with no residual-fitted quantity or duplicate supplier-included burden.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_carriers	heat and water supplies	Only actual external steam/hot-water carriers and real external Product returns are present. Keep gross carrier kg, actual supply/return state and heat MJ/enthalpy independently, with agreed provider water/energy boundary. Internal condensate loops cancel and external liquid returns are neither air emissions nor assumed wastewater/credits.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`
b_fg_bridge	FG service physical gate	For each original cohort reconcile opening FG + first releases + actual physical returns + actual added service material = closing FG + gross physical dispatch + destruction/loss + other specifically documented exits. Track returned mass/condition and original dispatch IDs independently: do not assume returned kg equal originally dispatched kg or zero new water/loss. Retain original manufacture burden without new production; no net-delivery denominator is defined.	`cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020`; `union-process-grinding-media`; `jrc-ceramic-bref-2007`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
manufacture	Complete sphere manufacture	required	Actual binder-free rolling route	Preparation forming drying sintering cooling finishing sorting tests controls assets and stage-specific internal subledgers	finished_spheres; Q
service	Original-cohort packaging and FG services	required	Actual observed custody and post-release services	Full physical packaging bridge and separate increment-only post-release service	Qc; H

Each non-reference row is collected only when actually present. Unmeasured is neither zero nor not_applicable. Support absence with evidence; add each actual additional material, chemical, fuel, coating, treatment reagent, refrigerant, liquid direct-discharge species or separated waste specifically. Every card references the same Section 8 result; collected totals are not divided by Q first.

Process: Complete sphere manufacture (`manufacture`)

Inputs

Product flows

High-purity unfired alumina powder (`alumina_powder`)

Receive one whole purchased unfired alumina powder grade. Retain chemical assay, crystalline phase, impurities, moisture, particle distribution and supplier preparation boundary. Bayer-route identity alone does not prove the high-purity ceramic feed. Supplier milling is upstream; actual site sand milling, drying, crushing and screening remain foreground. This is the broad manufactured Al2O3 Product family with formula Al2O3 and Mass/kg reference, no CAS, fixed particle size, grade, route or geography. Here it identifies only whole purchased unfired high-purity powder qualified by assay/phase and delivered form; no emitted dust, hydroxide, fused grain or finished ball identity is implied.

Selected flow: Aluminum oxide (alumina) 62905e17-33e8-4e73-a606-fdafc6e48aea
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_material, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

de-ionised water (`pure_water`)

One purchased de-ionised water supply, only when actual purity and delivered liquid state match. This native Product has Mass reference, no CAS, no fixed geography or additional grade promise. Record the whole delivered water once; do not add its H and O as additional purchases. On-site purification must instead retain its actual feed, individual reagents, energy and reject water.

Selected flow: de-ionised water 4f197bf0-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_material, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Liquid municipal tap water (`cleaning_water`)

Keep actual separately supplied cleaning and cooling makeup water apart from pure forming water. Meter each use; distinguish internal recirculation, liquid discharge and evaporation. Do not assume water density or purification burdens from an unrelated flow coefficient.

Selected flow: Liquid municipal tap water
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_material, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Solid sintered alumina milling beads (`milling_media`)

Actual purchased media used to prepare powder are a distinct input from saleable newly produced spheres. Record complete fresh charges, recovered charges, wear, retained installed stock and disposal. Internal self-produced media transfer cancels; its inherited manufacture burden and actual service are retained once.

Selected flow: Solid sintered alumina milling beads
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_material, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Alternating current (`electricity`)

Use this Product UUID only for CN grid-average consumption mix delivered to user below 1 kV. Native extensive property is Net calorific value in MJ; retain original kWh and convert by 3.6. Include actual powder preparation, rolling, drying, furnace, finishing, extraction, utilities and failed/idle modes. Other voltage, geography or own generation needs separately qualified identity and supply.

Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Gaseous pipeline natural gas (`natural_gas`)

Conditional on an actual gas-fired dryer or kiln. Record delivered gas composition, actual versus standard meter conditions, mass or independently measured density, net heat value and combustion boundary. This is one whole fuel mixture; methane composition is not another purchased fuel. No gas use is inferred from the patent kiln name.

Selected flow: Gaseous pipeline natural gas
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Purchased saturated water steam (`steam`)

Only actual external steam supply: meter carrier kg, pressure, temperature, dryness and enthalpy relative to the agreed return state. Keep associated heat MJ as a parallel attribute of this one purchase. Document provider water/energy convention; no boiler or steam demand is presumed.

Selected flow: Purchased saturated water steam
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Purchased liquid heating water (`hot_water`)

Only actual externally supplied hot liquid water; measure gross carrier mass and its actual supply/return temperatures and enthalpy. Do not substitute steam identity or duplicate water and heat provider burdens.

Selected flow: Purchased liquid heating water
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Road freight transport service (`freight`)

Actual inbound transport service by shipment, route, vehicle/load state and distance, with documented empty-return treatment. Use measured payload and distance for t km; the service is not additional physical ceramic mass.

Selected flow: Road freight transport service
Flow property / unit: Freight transport service / t km
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_transport, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_transport
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Complete ceramic sintering kiln (`kiln_asset`)

Keep new and existing kiln physical stock, additions, retirement and repairs apart from attributable service burden. No fixed lifetime or whole kiln per kg of spheres.

Selected flow: Complete ceramic sintering kiln
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Complete ceramic ball rolling machine (`rolling_asset`)

Record actual machine asset and replacement parts by unique identity and service history; separately meter operating energy. Add each real replacement component as its own exchange.

Selected flow: Complete ceramic ball rolling machine
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Dense alumina firing sagger (`sagger`)

One actual alumina sagger design with composition and coatings declared. Count physical stock and weigh actual net mass separately; retain breakage and service records. Any actual coating is another whole purchased formulation or actual on-site ingredients.

Selected flow: Dense alumina firing sagger
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Alumina kiln lining brick (`refractory`)

Actual lining grade, moisture, installed stock, repair additions and removed material are separately tracked. Service attribution does not shrink physical additions or discard masses.

Selected flow: Alumina kiln lining brick
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (`diamond_wheel`)

Only actual fired-sphere finishing with this wheel construction. Purchase the entire wheel once, retain diamond/bond/carrier composition as subaccounts, and record wear and spent wheel separately. Other real tools require individual rows.

Selected flow: Resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Mineral lubricating oil formulation (`lubricant`)

One whole supplied oil grade; retain additive assay without duplicating constituent purchases. Track in-machine opening/closing fluid, top-ups, leaks, recovered oil and external disposal.

Selected flow: Mineral lubricating oil formulation
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyester dust filter bag (`filter`)

One actual complete polyester filter bag; separately retain dust captured on it and the bag material. Do not bind a fabric, paper sack or generic dust record as the finished filter.

Selected flow: Polyester dust filter bag
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_asset, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_asset
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_inbound`)

Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack_m, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack_m
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_inbound`)

Packaging physically received with incoming raw supplies; record actual mass, ownership and provider packaging convention. Allocate its burden once to the activity receiving it, while physical custody joins the plant-wide packaging bridge. Native Product is PE film, CAS 9002-88-4, production mix at plant, Mass/kg; no fixed grade or geography. Its luggage classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; basename, synonyms and molecular comment consistently identify PE film and explicitly contrast PET. Qualify actual PE resin/form/additives and whole film; no PET, multilayer laminate or resin-pellet substitution. Physical return does not establish repeated virgin production.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack_m, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack_m
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_inbound`)

Packaging physically received with incoming raw supplies; record actual mass, ownership and provider packaging convention. Allocate its burden once to the activity receiving it, while physical custody joins the plant-wide packaging bridge. Native Product is one whole wooden-board/slat pallet from a lumber-mill production mix, Mass/kg; no fixed EURO design, mass or lifetime. Its electrical-energy classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; the preserved source classification, both basenames and wooden-board route agree on wood packaging. Qualify actual complete pallet design/wood/moisture and ownership; no plastic pallet, loose timber or collar-only substitution.

Selected flow: Wooden pallets e882bdf4-1cf6-4f51-93e9-c6b91855ba02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack_m, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack_m
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Elementary flows

Molecular nitrogen in ambient intake air (`n2_in`)

N2 entering actual ventilation or combustion air. Measure dry gas composition and conditions independently; not total nitrogen as N or purchased bottled nitrogen.

Selected flow: Molecular nitrogen in ambient intake air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Molecular oxygen in ambient intake air (`o2_in`)

O2 actually crossing the environmental intake; reconcile consumption and exhaust separately from NO/NO2. Do not count an aggregate air input again.

Selected flow: Molecular oxygen in ambient intake air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Natural non-radioactive argon in ambient air (`argon_in`)

Natural Ar in intake; isotope-specific radioactive gas records are incompatible. Keep actual state and measured composition.

Selected flow: Natural non-radioactive argon in ambient air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Water vapour in ambient intake air (`humidity_in`)

Intake humidity is gaseous H2O, distinct from purchased liquid water. Retain dewpoint/humidity basis and carrier conditions.

Selected flow: Water vapour in ambient intake air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Atmospheric carbon dioxide in intake air (`ambient_co2_in`)

Ambient incoming CO2 is separately measured or composition-supported; it is not new fossil carbon from fuel.

Selected flow: Atmospheric carbon dioxide in intake air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Outputs

Product flows

Complete solid sintered alumina grinding spheres (`finished_spheres`)

The reference is one complete unglazed high-purity solid sphere grade after required firing, cooling, any actual grinding/polishing, size sorting and quality tests. Q is measured net mass at unique first quality release, with actual moisture declared and packaging excluded. No powder, hollow spray granule, steel ball or zirconia ball substitutes for this terminal object. This is one complete manufactured grinding-media grade within the broader native Abrasives Product family, production mix at plant and auxiliary consumable input; its synonyms expressly include abrasive media and grinding consumables. It is one qualified article, not a selectable collection, and its whole-body kg includes all actual minor phases, impurities and retained moisture rather than only Al2O3. Native fixes no CAS, composition, sphere geometry, route or geography; independently qualify actual whole grade, phases, rolling/sintering/finishing and provider. Cutting tools, bonded wheels, coated/fused grains, loose powder and other media are not this object.

Selected flow: Abrasives 685e7b7f-1555-4112-aa0b-3786e5508534
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: 1 kg
Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Liquid water condensate returned to heat supplier (`condensate_return`)

An actual external Product return, not an environmental emission or assumed wastewater. Meter mass, temperature, pressure and supplier ownership convention; carrier and enthalpy subaccounts cannot create an automatic credit.

Selected flow: Liquid water condensate returned to heat supplier
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Liquid heating water returned to heat supplier (`hotwater_return`)

Only an observed external return of the hot-water supply carrier, at measured return state. Internal heat-exchanger circulation cancels.

Selected flow: Liquid heating water returned to heat supplier
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_energy, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Waste flows

Unfired alumina powder preparation reject (`unfired_waste`)

External rejected unfired powder with exact moisture and contamination; split separate actual powder states or compositions. Internal recoverable powder is an internal transfer with retained reprocessing loads.

Selected flow: Unfired alumina powder preparation reject
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Rejected fired alumina grinding spheres (`fired_waste`)

Actual rejected or test-destroyed fired balls before first release, by grade and mass; not a saleable coproduct by default. Re-firing energy and rejected runs remain.

Selected flow: Rejected fired alumina grinding spheres
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Alumina powder milling sludge (`milling_sludge`)

Actual external wet preparation sludge with independent dry solids, free water and species assays; no dry solid mass guessed from one loss residual.

Selected flow: Alumina powder milling sludge
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Fired alumina finishing sludge (`grinding_sludge`)

Separate fired sphere removal, tool wear and liquid in real finishing sludge. Sampling determines constituents; a COD reading cannot identify a molecular carbon mass.

Selected flow: Fired alumina finishing sludge
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Captured alumina preparation dust (`captured_dust`)

Actual removed filter dust, with phase, impurities and moisture; not the same exchange as uncaptured air emission. Internal recycling cancels only its transfer.

Selected flow: Captured alumina preparation dust
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Alumina process wastewater sent to external treatment (`wastewater`)

One actual aqueous waste stream to one treatment route, whole wet mass with independent dissolved/suspended species and liquid state. Direct environmental discharge needs its own receiving-medium species rows.

Selected flow: Alumina process wastewater sent to external treatment
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Liquid cooling-circuit purge water (`cooling_purge`)

Actual external liquid purge to its observed treatment destination; do not confuse it with evaporated cooling water or circulating stock.

Selected flow: Liquid cooling-circuit purge water
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Worn alumina milling beads (`spent_media`)

Actual external retired media; separate media mass from entrained slurry and retain installed stock and captured wear.

Selected flow: Worn alumina milling beads
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Spent resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (`spent_wheel`)

Whole retired wheel to actual treatment, with retained residual bond, metal and diamond subaccounts. No automatic virgin diamond displacement.

Selected flow: Spent resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Spent mineral lubricating oil formulation (`spent_oil`)

Whole waste oil with water/contamination separately assayed; preserve actual leak and recovery destinations.

Selected flow: Spent mineral lubricating oil formulation
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Spent polyester dust filter bag (`spent_filter`)

Discarded bag mass apart from separately removed dust; attached dust is a measured subaccount and cannot be counted twice.

Selected flow: Spent polyester dust filter bag
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Broken alumina firing sagger (`spent_sagger`)

Actual retired whole ceramic sagger and attached material separately weighed; not one sagger consumed for each kg product.

Selected flow: Broken alumina firing sagger
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Removed alumina kiln lining brick (`spent_refractory`)

Actual wet/dry removed lining and attached deposits; keep replacement and asset stock bridges independent of burden allocation.

Selected flow: Removed alumina kiln lining brick
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Retired complete ceramic sintering kiln (`retired_kiln`)

Physical retirement event by actual identity and destination; split recovered component streams if actually separated. Service burden follows documented asset accounting, not gross retired mass divided by current Q.

Selected flow: Retired complete ceramic sintering kiln
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Retired complete ceramic ball rolling machine (`retired_roller`)

Preserve actual machine retirement, repair and component disposition records separately from rolling electricity.

Selected flow: Retired complete ceramic ball rolling machine
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Rejected unfired alumina green spheres (`green_ball_waste`)

One actual discarded green-sphere grade before sintering; independently weigh net wet mass and free moisture. This is a shaped green object, separate from preparation powder reject and from fired-ball waste. Internal green-ball recovery cancels only its transfer and preserves actual crushing/drying/re-rolling energy and losses.

Selected flow: Rejected unfired alumina green spheres
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_waste, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Elementary flows

Aluminum oxide (alumina) (`alumina_air`)

Only independently speciated Al2O3 emitted to the native air compartment; total dust or particle-size mass is not proof of Al2O3 mass. Preserve actual crystalline phase and particle fractions.

Selected flow: Aluminum oxide (alumina)
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

carbon dioxide (fossil) (`fossil_co2`)

New fossil CO2 from actual fuel carbon, separately from ambient incoming/pass-through CO2; no limestone or organic binder is presumed for the binder-free body. Native elementary flow is molecular CO2, CAS 124-38-9, fossil origin, emissions to air unspecified, Mass/kg. Broad dry-ice/ion/radiocarbon synonyms are excluded from this actual gaseous stable-molecule fossil exchange. Long-term, non-fossil and ambient pass-through identities are not interchangeable.

Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

carbon monoxide (fossil) (`fossil_co`)

Only measured or explicitly carbon-balanced fossil CO to the exact air compartment; do not allocate total carbon simultaneously to CO and CO2. Native elementary flow is molecular CO, CAS 630-08-0, fossil origin, emissions to air unspecified, Mass/kg. Cryogenic-liquid and exhaust/flue-gas synonyms do not permit liquid CO or whole exhaust to replace this measured gaseous molecular exchange. Other compartment or origin needs another identity.

Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

nitrogen monoxide (`no_air`)

Actual molecular NO mass; NOx stated as NO2-equivalent is a reporting indicator and cannot be bound as NO mass without independent speciation.

Selected flow: nitrogen monoxide
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air (`no2_air`)

Actual NO2 with molecular identity verified independently; N2O4 aliases or total NOx do not establish this exchange.

Selected flow: Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

sulfur dioxide (`so2_air`)

Actual SO2 from independently established sulfur and reaction evidence; total SOx is not molecular SO2 mass.

Selected flow: sulfur dioxide
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Fossil methane to air (`methane_air`)

Only actual CH4 leakage or slip from fuel or equipment with source origin and compartment declared; do not infer it from NMVOC, COD or a whole natural-gas mass.

Selected flow: Fossil methane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Molecular nitrogen in exhaust air (`n2_out`)

Gross outgoing N2 including pass-through and any measured reaction changes; not a total nitrogen pollutant flow.

Selected flow: Molecular nitrogen in exhaust air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Molecular oxygen in exhaust air (`o2_out`)

Actual residual O2 in exhaust, not oxygen demand or an assumed stoichiometric residual used to fit missing species.

Selected flow: Molecular oxygen in exhaust air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Natural non-radioactive argon in exhaust air (`argon_out`)

Natural Ar pass-through, independently reconciled; radioactive isotope-specific flows remain unsuitable.

Selected flow: Natural non-radioactive argon in exhaust air
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

water vapour (`water_vapour`)

Actual gaseous H2O to air; keep intake humidity, free-water evaporation and chemically evidenced reaction water as separate origins within the one molecular exchange. Integrated gas volume is not multiplied by time twice.

Selected flow: water vapour
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Atmospheric carbon dioxide passing through exhaust (`ambient_co2_out`)

Keep pass-through CO2 distinct from newly formed fossil CO2, with matched incoming origin. Do not create an avoided-emission credit for this transfer.

Selected flow: Atmospheric carbon dioxide passing through exhaust
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_species, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_species
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Process: Original-cohort packaging and FG services (`service`)

Inputs

Product flows

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_new`)

Actual new purchased whole packaging. Internal reuse is not a new purchase; no assumed fixed packaging mass or trip life.

Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_received_return`)

Actual externally returned reusable packaging entering custody, by identity, material, wet/dry mass and attached contents; do not duplicate original purchase burden.

Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_new`)

Actual new purchased whole packaging. Internal reuse is not a new purchase; no assumed fixed packaging mass or trip life. Native Product is PE film, CAS 9002-88-4, production mix at plant, Mass/kg; no fixed grade or geography. Its luggage classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; basename, synonyms and molecular comment consistently identify PE film and explicitly contrast PET. Qualify actual PE resin/form/additives and whole film; no PET, multilayer laminate or resin-pellet substitution. Physical return does not establish repeated virgin production.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_received_return`)

Actual externally returned reusable packaging entering custody, by identity, material, wet/dry mass and attached contents; do not duplicate original purchase burden. Native Product is PE film, CAS 9002-88-4, production mix at plant, Mass/kg; no fixed grade or geography. Its luggage classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; basename, synonyms and molecular comment consistently identify PE film and explicitly contrast PET. Qualify actual PE resin/form/additives and whole film; no PET, multilayer laminate or resin-pellet substitution. Physical return does not establish repeated virgin production.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_new`)

Actual new purchased whole packaging. Internal reuse is not a new purchase; no assumed fixed packaging mass or trip life. Native Product is one whole wooden-board/slat pallet from a lumber-mill production mix, Mass/kg; no fixed EURO design, mass or lifetime. Its electrical-energy classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; the preserved source classification, both basenames and wooden-board route agree on wood packaging. Qualify actual complete pallet design/wood/moisture and ownership; no plastic pallet, loose timber or collar-only substitution.

Selected flow: Wooden pallets e882bdf4-1cf6-4f51-93e9-c6b91855ba02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_received_return`)

Actual externally returned reusable packaging entering custody, by identity, material, wet/dry mass and attached contents; do not duplicate original purchase burden. Native Product is one whole wooden-board/slat pallet from a lumber-mill production mix, Mass/kg; no fixed EURO design, mass or lifetime. Its electrical-energy classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; the preserved source classification, both basenames and wooden-board route agree on wood packaging. Qualify actual complete pallet design/wood/moisture and ownership; no plastic pallet, loose timber or collar-only substitution.

Selected flow: Wooden pallets e882bdf4-1cf6-4f51-93e9-c6b91855ba02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Alternating current (`service_electricity`)

Only the actual increment after first release for cohort Qc during observed horizon H: packing, warehouse, handling, dispatch, returns, retesting and real rework. The native CN user-side <1 kV grid-average restriction and MJ property remain mandatory; current-period manufacturing Q is not this denominator.

Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_service, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_service
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Liquid municipal tap water (`service_water`)

Actual post-release cleaning water by original cohort and observed service event; any real cleaner formulation is added individually. No assumed zero service when product remains in warehouse.

Selected flow: Liquid municipal tap water
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_service, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_service
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Outputs

Product flows

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_shipped`)

Gross packaging leaving with actual physical shipments, including repeat dispatch; use gross outgoing material, never net Q or an economic burden share.

Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_returned_out`)

Actual packaging returned externally to supplier/pool; keep separate from internal reuse and saleable ceramic output.

Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_shipped`)

Gross packaging leaving with actual physical shipments, including repeat dispatch; use gross outgoing material, never net Q or an economic burden share. Native Product is PE film, CAS 9002-88-4, production mix at plant, Mass/kg; no fixed grade or geography. Its luggage classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; basename, synonyms and molecular comment consistently identify PE film and explicitly contrast PET. Qualify actual PE resin/form/additives and whole film; no PET, multilayer laminate or resin-pellet substitution. Physical return does not establish repeated virgin production.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_returned_out`)

Actual packaging returned externally to supplier/pool; keep separate from internal reuse and saleable ceramic output. Native Product is PE film, CAS 9002-88-4, production mix at plant, Mass/kg; no fixed grade or geography. Its luggage classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; basename, synonyms and molecular comment consistently identify PE film and explicitly contrast PET. Qualify actual PE resin/form/additives and whole film; no PET, multilayer laminate or resin-pellet substitution. Physical return does not establish repeated virgin production.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_shipped`)

Gross packaging leaving with actual physical shipments, including repeat dispatch; use gross outgoing material, never net Q or an economic burden share. Native Product is one whole wooden-board/slat pallet from a lumber-mill production mix, Mass/kg; no fixed EURO design, mass or lifetime. Its electrical-energy classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; the preserved source classification, both basenames and wooden-board route agree on wood packaging. Qualify actual complete pallet design/wood/moisture and ownership; no plastic pallet, loose timber or collar-only substitution.

Selected flow: Wooden pallets e882bdf4-1cf6-4f51-93e9-c6b91855ba02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_returned_out`)

Actual packaging returned externally to supplier/pool; keep separate from internal reuse and saleable ceramic output. Native Product is one whole wooden-board/slat pallet from a lumber-mill production mix, Mass/kg; no fixed EURO design, mass or lifetime. Its electrical-energy classification is an isolated taxonomy defect; the preserved source classification, both basenames and wooden-board route agree on wood packaging. Qualify actual complete pallet design/wood/moisture and ownership; no plastic pallet, loose timber or collar-only substitution.

Selected flow: Wooden pallets e882bdf4-1cf6-4f51-93e9-c6b91855ba02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Waste flows

Waste corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_waste`)

Actual discarded packaging to its specific waste route; retain contamination and moisture and split separately recovered components.

Selected flow: Waste corrugated cardboard carton
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Waste polyethylene film (`pack_film_waste`)

Actual discarded packaging to its specific waste route; retain contamination and moisture and split separately recovered components.

Selected flow: Waste polyethylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Waste wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_waste`)

Actual discarded packaging to its specific waste route; retain contamination and moisture and split separately recovered components.

Selected flow: Waste wooden pallets
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_pack, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pack
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Broken previously released alumina grinding spheres (`service_breakage`)

Actual post-release damage remains attached to its original manufacturing cohort; returns, reinspection and reshipment create no new Q. Record true incremental cleaning or rework separately.

Selected flow: Broken previously released alumina grinding spheres
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_service, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_service
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Post-release sphere cleaning wastewater to treatment (`service_wastewater`)

Actual whole aqueous waste from observed service, with suspended fired alumina, water and contaminants independently measured; no COD-to-species fiction.

Selected flow: Post-release sphere cleaning wastewater to treatment
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Use this row single final quotient in Section 8; retain undivided raw records through cp_service, without dividing again.
Value mode: Calculated from collection (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_service
Sources: cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020; union-process-grinding-media; jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Raw downloads

These files are byte-identical to the canonical files for this revision in the repository.

pcr.en-US.md120 KB · 50cf8c4e6470…
manifest.yaml7.5 KB · 1e685efcf37c…
pcr.zh-CN.md104 KB · c8053840b70b…
structured.yaml162 KB · 998b30c61269…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 10

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`b_route`	manufacture	Include every actual operation from whole purchased unfired powder to first-released complete fired spheres, including preparation shown in Figure 1 if operated on site and actual post-sinter finishing/tests. Declare supplier preparation with compatible upstream burdens; never replace manufacture by finished-ball purchase.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_classification`	applicability	The complete solid sintered alumina spheres are technical grinding media within the narrower CPC3.0:37291 scope; do not use residual37299 while this explicit technical use applies. Retain the binder-free water-assisted rolling route and exclusions for refractory packing/support balls, powders and bonded wheels. The accepted association follows the canonical mapping and correction decision; firing temperature or alumina chemistry alone does not establish refractory end use, and native UUID identity is separate.	unsd-cpc3-explanatory-2025, wco-hs2022-ceramics, union-process-grinding-media, cafc-schlumberger-2017
`b_stock`	manufacturing numerator	For each exchange retain opening/closing raw, WIP and unassigned non-WIP material-store inherited burden vectors, plus all failures, zero-output, hot hold, start/stop, idle, cleanup and rework. Already-released closing FG is inside Q: neither subtract its manufacture burden nor add it as another production output. Gross receipts/pool entries before stock corrections and already stock-adjusted consumption must be distinguished. Retain corrections already included, reconcile only remaining unincluded vectors and never correct the same raw stock twice. Independently record every raw/WIP/non-WIP opening/closing physical quantity and complete inherited exchange vector.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_service`	original cohort	Keep released product burden with original cohort Qc. Record only actual subsequent packing, storage, handling, dispatch, return, retest and real cleaning/rework increment over observed H. Reinspection, returns and reshipment do not create production. Consolidation cancels internal Q transfer once. Actual post-release repair/regrinding/refiring requires governing manufacturer/design permission, continued whole-grade applicability, measured new/removed material and water phases, required retests and acceptance or waste disposition. Patent green-ball shaping before sintering does not authorize restoration of broken fired media.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_atomic`	all exchanges	Each actual purchased whole formulation, material, fuel, carrier, packaging, waste and real species is an atomic row. Add any actual unlisted exchange with specific identity and destination; no other/zero collection may hide it. Whole formulations are purchased once with assay/water/active content subaccounts only; site preparation instead retains each real purchased ingredient and operation.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_physical`	manufacture service combined	Reconcile whole physical mass and relevant Al/O/H/C/N/S element accounts at manufacture, FG-service and combined gates before allocating burdens. Do not scale gross physical exchanges by economic shares. Internal recycle, sagger reuse and circulation cancel only transfers; real energy, loss and inherited burdens remain. Gross air species replace the aggregate air row rather than duplicate it.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_assets`	physical asset stock and service	For each machine, kiln, refractory, sagger and tool preserve physical additions, installed opening/closing stock, repair components, deposits, moisture, in-machine fluid and retirement separately from current attributable service burden. Use actual asset/service evidence; no fixed life, equal virgin replacement for reuse, or whole asset per kg.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_pack`	each packaging material	For each carton, PE film and wooden pallet type/ownership/grade reconcile opening empty + attached WIP + attached FG + reusable stocks + new purchases + packaging received on raw supplies + external returns received = closing corresponding stocks + gross packaging shipped out + external supplier/pool returns + waste. Internal reuse cancels. Actual additional lids, labels, straps and liners each require their own full bridge. Supplier-included packaging burden is not purchased again; physical receipt remains. Include actual separately measured repair additions/removals and water uptake/release as respective ingress/egress, without duplicate amounts already in other wet-article flow terms. Opening/closing stocks retain full wet physical mass; material retained in closing stock does not eliminate its corresponding real inflow. Reconcile dry matter/water and actual source/phase/destination independently; add each real specific repair/water exchange before use, with no residual-fitted quantity or duplicate supplier-included burden.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_carriers`	heat and water supplies	Only actual external steam/hot-water carriers and real external Product returns are present. Keep gross carrier kg, actual supply/return state and heat MJ/enthalpy independently, with agreed provider water/energy boundary. Internal condensate loops cancel and external liquid returns are neither air emissions nor assumed wastewater/credits.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007
`b_fg_bridge`	FG service physical gate	For each original cohort reconcile opening FG + first releases + actual physical returns + actual added service material = closing FG + gross physical dispatch + destruction/loss + other specifically documented exits. Track returned mass/condition and original dispatch IDs independently: do not assume returned kg equal originally dispatched kg or zero new water/loss. Retain original manufacture burden without new production; no net-delivery denominator is defined.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007

Allocation rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`a_scope`	attributional multifunctionality	This method uses attributional accounting where allocation is needed. First assign dedicated operations and independently measured exchanges, including virtual subdivision of embodied powder and separately observed services. Internal recycling, returnable packs and saleable size fractions do not justify automatic credits.	jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`a_causality`	each residual shared exchange	For remaining joint loads identify and quantify the exchange-specific determining physical cause using real process response and batch/service measurements. Do not select physical or economic allocation arbitrarily or impose one mass share on every exchange. Heating, rolling, finishing and warehousing may have different causes; unsupported causality remains unresolved.	jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`a_market`	genuinely residual multifunctional load	Only the genuinely unassignable residual uses contemporaneous market values for real outputs at the same common-process gate, amount and actual condition. If prices refer to further processed, sorted, packed, transported or marketed products, remove those downstream differences with evidence. Retain quantity/price provenance, sensitivity and uncertainty; no fixed percentages or sales-receipt rule.	jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`a_waste`	rejects and treatment	Rejected balls, powder, sludge, waste packaging and exhausted assets are waste unless actual product status and usable specification are independently established at the relevant gate. Preserve treatment burdens and gross material routes; no assumed displaced virgin material, avoided use electricity or extension of lifetime.	jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`asset_manufacture_conservation`	existing capital/reusable manufacture attribution	Within the applicable allocation decision context, original manufacture burden attributed across uses of actual capital equipment or reusable articles already included in foreground production, packaging or observed services uses one persistent same-asset ledger across all crops, products, cohorts, manufacturing/postrelease services, owners and observation periods. D is its supported whole installed service: all realized historical service plus supported remaining service in the same units as actual beneficiary use u; D must be finite and positive. Period capacity, remaining-only capacity, the physical asset/article mass alone, or current-period product Q alone is not D; supported whole-service throughput in mass units may be used when it demonstrates the causal service and matches u. This does not amortize the manufactured reference product over downstream life or change its declared reference gate/Q. The fractions u/D and all previously assigned manufacture shares together must never exceed 1. Changes of window, custody, provider or repair never restart the original manufacture balance. Replacements have distinct identities and only their real new manufacture vectors; actual repair and treatment increments remain separately accounted. Revised capacity evidence requires transparent reconciliation of prior shares and sensitivity, not a fresh ledger. Keep full physical mass and stock movements independent of burden shares. Unknown D, prior shares or beneficiary coverage requires review and no final manufacture-attributed amount; no assumed lifetime, utilization, zero or arbitrary division is permitted. For each existing collection protocol that attributes manufacture of included production, packaging or observed-service assets across uses in this route (excluding amortization of the manufactured reference product itself), additionally retain a durable asset identity, its measured full physical mass and acquisition/installation/retirement stock history, original manufacture burden vector, all historical and current beneficiaries, matched-unit service readings, the evidenced whole installed-service denominator D, supported remaining-service basis and uncertainty, prior assigned shares and remaining original manufacture balance. Carry the ledger across reporting windows and custody/provider changes. Collect actual repair, replacement, recovery and treatment separately; these records do not normalize physical movements or create an additional asset purchase. These are added fields and conservation obligations for the existing applicable protocols, not a new assumed capital inventory.

Validation rules · 7

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`v_identity`	reference and every UUID	Confirm whole solid fired alumina grinding spheres independently of powder feed and hollow granules. Every bound UUID requires compatible native material/CAS/form/route/geography/media/type and all property references; a search name, classification, unit chain or successful check is insufficient. Missing core reference identity prevents usable methodology; ordinary auxiliary/provider gaps remain disclosed.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`v_release`	Q and cohort	Q counts measured net mass at unique first release once. Closing released FG cannot reduce manufacturing loads; returns/retest/dispatch do not add Q. Check manufacturing and service physical bridges with original release IDs, raw/WIP inherited vectors, Qc and H.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`v_amount`	all inventory rows	Validate raw units and genuine rate integration, actual allocation and inherited vectors before exactly one A/Q or increment/Qc normalization. Collection retains undivided raw records; cards/aggregation reference the same final result. Q=0 retains real loads but produces no unit result.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`v_species`	physical and elemental gates	Mass/element closure does not prove molecular speciation or reaction water. No total NOx/VOC/COD/dust indicator becomes one molecular flow by convenience. Preserve free/structural/reaction water and each real air/liquid/solid destination with independent assays; one residual cannot solve two unknowns.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`v_pack_asset`	packaging assets carriers	Reconcile gross physical packaging receipts, stocks, repeated shipment, returns and waste; distinguish installed assets and fluids from service burdens. Inspect actual external heat-carrier returns and provider conventions without creating fictitious boiler, steam or credits.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`v_scope_quality`	complete dataset	Require actual routes/qualifiers, source provenance, calibration, representative coverage, failures/missingness, uncertainty and evidence for absence. Any real unlisted exchange is added specifically. Methodology, translation, mapping and publication reviews remain separate; engineering validity cannot establish plant evidence or scientific approval.	cn111116183a-alumina-spheres-2020, union-process-grinding-media, jrc-ceramic-bref-2007, jrc-ilcd-detailed-2010
`validate_asset_manufacture_conservation`	existing capital/reusable manufacture attribution	For every included capital/reusable manufacture attribution verify same-asset continuity, whole installed service in matched units, all historical/current beneficiaries, prior assigned manufacture shares and cumulative share <= 1. Reject a reset by period, cohort, provider, owner or repair. Check distinct real replacement and incremental repair/treatment vectors separately and preserve gross physical mass. A missing denominator, unexplained previous allocation or incomplete beneficiary ledger requires explicit review and an unavailable final attributed amount; structural inspection cannot claim empirical completeness.

Processes and inputs/outputs · 2

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`manufacture`	Complete sphere manufacture	24	31
`service`	Original-cohort packaging and FG services	8	11

Complete field inspector

Loads this record’s complete manifest and structured projection on demand; values are never truncated. Requires JavaScript.

Binder-free rolled and sintered alumina grinding spheres

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Complete sphere manufacture (manufacture)

Inputs

Product flows

High-purity unfired alumina powder (alumina_powder)

de-ionised water (pure_water)

Liquid municipal tap water (cleaning_water)

Solid sintered alumina milling beads (milling_media)

Alternating current (electricity)

Gaseous pipeline natural gas (natural_gas)

Purchased saturated water steam (steam)

Purchased liquid heating water (hot_water)

Road freight transport service (freight)

Complete ceramic sintering kiln (kiln_asset)

Complete ceramic ball rolling machine (rolling_asset)

Dense alumina firing sagger (sagger)

Alumina kiln lining brick (refractory)

Resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (diamond_wheel)

Mineral lubricating oil formulation (lubricant)

Polyester dust filter bag (filter)

Corrugated cardboard carton (pack_carton_inbound)

Polyethylene film (pack_film_inbound)

Wooden pallets (pack_pallet_inbound)

Elementary flows

Molecular nitrogen in ambient intake air (n2_in)

Molecular oxygen in ambient intake air (o2_in)

Natural non-radioactive argon in ambient air (argon_in)

Water vapour in ambient intake air (humidity_in)

Atmospheric carbon dioxide in intake air (ambient_co2_in)

Outputs

Product flows

Complete solid sintered alumina grinding spheres (finished_spheres)

Liquid water condensate returned to heat supplier (condensate_return)

Liquid heating water returned to heat supplier (hotwater_return)

Waste flows

Unfired alumina powder preparation reject (unfired_waste)

Rejected fired alumina grinding spheres (fired_waste)

Alumina powder milling sludge (milling_sludge)

Fired alumina finishing sludge (grinding_sludge)

Captured alumina preparation dust (captured_dust)

Alumina process wastewater sent to external treatment (wastewater)

Liquid cooling-circuit purge water (cooling_purge)

Worn alumina milling beads (spent_media)

Spent resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (spent_wheel)

Spent mineral lubricating oil formulation (spent_oil)

Spent polyester dust filter bag (spent_filter)

Broken alumina firing sagger (spent_sagger)

Removed alumina kiln lining brick (spent_refractory)

Retired complete ceramic sintering kiln (retired_kiln)

Retired complete ceramic ball rolling machine (retired_roller)

Rejected unfired alumina green spheres (green_ball_waste)

Elementary flows

Aluminum oxide (alumina) (alumina_air)

carbon dioxide (fossil) (fossil_co2)

carbon monoxide (fossil) (fossil_co)

nitrogen monoxide (no_air)

Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air (no2_air)

sulfur dioxide (so2_air)

Fossil methane to air (methane_air)

Molecular nitrogen in exhaust air (n2_out)

Molecular oxygen in exhaust air (o2_out)

Natural non-radioactive argon in exhaust air (argon_out)

water vapour (water_vapour)

Atmospheric carbon dioxide passing through exhaust (ambient_co2_out)

Process: Original-cohort packaging and FG services (service)

Inputs

Product flows

Corrugated cardboard carton (pack_carton_new)

Process: Complete sphere manufacture (`manufacture`)

High-purity unfired alumina powder (`alumina_powder`)

de-ionised water (`pure_water`)

Liquid municipal tap water (`cleaning_water`)

Solid sintered alumina milling beads (`milling_media`)

Alternating current (`electricity`)

Gaseous pipeline natural gas (`natural_gas`)

Purchased saturated water steam (`steam`)

Purchased liquid heating water (`hot_water`)

Road freight transport service (`freight`)

Complete ceramic sintering kiln (`kiln_asset`)

Complete ceramic ball rolling machine (`rolling_asset`)

Dense alumina firing sagger (`sagger`)

Alumina kiln lining brick (`refractory`)

Resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (`diamond_wheel`)

Mineral lubricating oil formulation (`lubricant`)

Polyester dust filter bag (`filter`)

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_inbound`)

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_inbound`)

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_inbound`)

Molecular nitrogen in ambient intake air (`n2_in`)

Molecular oxygen in ambient intake air (`o2_in`)

Natural non-radioactive argon in ambient air (`argon_in`)

Water vapour in ambient intake air (`humidity_in`)

Atmospheric carbon dioxide in intake air (`ambient_co2_in`)

Complete solid sintered alumina grinding spheres (`finished_spheres`)

Liquid water condensate returned to heat supplier (`condensate_return`)

Liquid heating water returned to heat supplier (`hotwater_return`)

Unfired alumina powder preparation reject (`unfired_waste`)

Rejected fired alumina grinding spheres (`fired_waste`)

Alumina powder milling sludge (`milling_sludge`)

Fired alumina finishing sludge (`grinding_sludge`)

Captured alumina preparation dust (`captured_dust`)

Alumina process wastewater sent to external treatment (`wastewater`)

Liquid cooling-circuit purge water (`cooling_purge`)

Worn alumina milling beads (`spent_media`)

Spent resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel (`spent_wheel`)

Spent mineral lubricating oil formulation (`spent_oil`)

Spent polyester dust filter bag (`spent_filter`)

Broken alumina firing sagger (`spent_sagger`)

Removed alumina kiln lining brick (`spent_refractory`)

Retired complete ceramic sintering kiln (`retired_kiln`)

Retired complete ceramic ball rolling machine (`retired_roller`)

Rejected unfired alumina green spheres (`green_ball_waste`)

Aluminum oxide (alumina) (`alumina_air`)

carbon dioxide (fossil) (`fossil_co2`)

carbon monoxide (fossil) (`fossil_co`)

nitrogen monoxide (`no_air`)

Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air (`no2_air`)

sulfur dioxide (`so2_air`)

Fossil methane to air (`methane_air`)

Molecular nitrogen in exhaust air (`n2_out`)

Molecular oxygen in exhaust air (`o2_out`)

Natural non-radioactive argon in exhaust air (`argon_out`)

water vapour (`water_vapour`)

Atmospheric carbon dioxide passing through exhaust (`ambient_co2_out`)

Process: Original-cohort packaging and FG services (`service`)

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_new`)

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_received_return`)

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_new`)

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_received_return`)

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_new`)

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_received_return`)

Alternating current (`service_electricity`)

Liquid municipal tap water (`service_water`)

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_shipped`)

Corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_returned_out`)

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_shipped`)

Polyethylene film (`pack_film_returned_out`)

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_shipped`)

Wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_returned_out`)

Waste corrugated cardboard carton (`pack_carton_waste`)

Waste polyethylene film (`pack_film_waste`)

Waste wooden pallets (`pack_pallet_waste`)

Broken previously released alumina grinding spheres (`service_breakage`)

Post-release sphere cleaning wastewater to treatment (`service_wastewater`)