Natural water

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers potable or non-potable bulk water suitable for a declared further use, including untreated freshwater abstraction, conventional treatment, membrane or thermal desalination and reclamation of used water. Fix the actual source, treatment train and quality. The supply gate may be the plant meter or a declared network handover; include network pumping, flushing and leakage only for that boundary. Raw seawater as a marketed product, steam/hot water, bottled beverages, carbonated mineral water, distilled-water chemical products and water unsuitable for further use are excluded. Wastewater-treatment service and usable reclaimed-water supply require separate burden and product declarations. For ion exchange, adsorption or additional reclamation steps, add the actual resin, regenerant, activated carbon, residual and pollutant exchanges individually; the candidate cards do not replace a plant audit. epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.ores-and-minerals-electricity-gas-and-water.natural-water.natural-water
classification_refs	CPC 3.0:18000
covered_products	Bulk liquid water meeting one declared further-use specification
excluded_products	Marketed seawater; hot-water heat supply; distilled-water chemicals; bottled/carbonated beverages; unusable wastewater
representative_product	Bulk water suitable for the declared further use
production_route	Water intake and pumping; Clarification, filtration and disinfection; Membrane desalination; Thermal desalination; Used-water reclamation; Supply metering and declared distribution
market_state	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply fit-for-declared-use bulk water, without claiming universal potable/non-potable equivalence
How much	1 m3
How well	site, basin and year; source and salinity; untreated/treated/reclaimed state; intended further use and quality evidence; treatment train; meter temperature; plant/network gate; losses and stock change; residual fate; allocation; energy supply
How long or cycle	One gate supply within a declared production period
reference_flow_link	final_product

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Bulk water suitable for the declared further use
Reference flow property	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit group	Units of volume 93a60a57-a3c8-12da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	m3
Required qualifiers	site, basin and year; source and salinity; untreated/treated/reclaimed state; intended further use and quality evidence; treatment train; meter temperature; plant/network gate; losses and stock change; residual fate; allocation; energy supply

Declare all qualifiers in dataset metadata or reference-flow comments. The representative identity is usable only for its confirmed product state, geography and property; resolve a distinct flow for incompatible variants. It does not impose a default product composition.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_basis	final_product	Volume	m3	D is the positive accepted net gate-output total in m3. Exclude packaging and cancelled internal transfers. cp_output records D; every card uses per 1 m3 reference flow.
conversion	utility and material rows	Declared row property	kg; m3; MJ	Retain raw readings. Electricity: 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Mass/volume conversion requires measured density, temperature and applicable pressure; retain water content and active chemical fraction.
category_balance	production	Volume	m3	Close source-water, product, concentrate, sludge water, backwash, reuse, evaporation, flushing, network losses and stock balances. D is accepted net m3 at the declared gate; record meter temperature. Convert chemical solution and wet sludge masses with measured concentration and moisture. Abstraction is not equal to consumption: disclose receiving basin and returned quantity/quality. Do not convert m3 to kg using an undocumented universal density.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Identified natural freshwater or seawater resource, supplied raw water, or traceable used-water feed for reclamation
starting_condition_role	Resource or supplied feed; declare which
product_classification_scope	Bulk liquid water meeting one declared further-use specification
recursive_input_rule	Purchased same-category material carries a distinct supplier dataset; internal recycling is a balance observation, not a new external input or credit.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link feed, electricity, fuels, chemicals, infrastructure and waste-management burdens; disclose any missing coverage.
disclosure	site, basin and year; source and salinity; untreated/treated/reclaimed state; intended further use and quality evidence; treatment train; meter temperature; plant/network gate; losses and stock change; residual fate; allocation; energy supply

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_operations	site	This PCR covers potable or non-potable bulk water suitable for a declared further use, including untreated freshwater abstraction, conventional treatment, membrane or thermal desalination and reclamation of used water. Fix the actual source, treatment train and quality. The supply gate may be the plant meter or a declared network handover; include network pumping, flushing and leakage only for that boundary. Raw seawater as a marketed product, steam/hot water, bottled beverages, carbonated mineral water, distilled-water chemical products and water unsuitable for further use are excluded. Wastewater-treatment service and usable reclaimed-water supply require separate burden and product declarations. For ion exchange, adsorption or additional reclamation steps, add the actual resin, regenerant, activated carbon, residual and pollutant exchanges individually; the candidate cards do not replace a plant audit.	epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water
boundary_partition	all exchanges	Include actual conditioning, storage, handling and pollution controls through the declared gate. Account for attributable construction and closure with a disclosed lifetime-output basis or justified exclusion and sensitivity. Separate purchased fuel supply from foreground combustion and purchased treatment from site releases.
boundary_completeness	inventory	Cards define individual likely exchanges and route conditions, not an exhaustive site audit. Add each actual absent chemical, waste, resource, land transformation and pollutant as its own row. Absence, measured zero and unknown must be distinguished.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
intake	Water intake and pumping	conditional	Resource or purchased-feed intake	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow
conventional	Clarification, filtration and disinfection	conditional	Conventional treatment or reclaimed-water polishing	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow
membrane	Membrane desalination	conditional	Actual membrane route	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow
thermal	Thermal desalination	conditional	Actual thermal route	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow
reuse	Used-water reclamation	conditional	Reclaimed-water route	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow
supply	Supply metering and declared distribution	required	All declared sites	Foreground production	per 1 m3 reference flow

Process: Water intake and pumping (intake)

Inputs

Product flows

Supplied raw water (purchased_raw_water)

Only purchased water; provider carries abstraction burden, so do not also count a resource withdrawal.

• Selected flow: Supplied raw water
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_purchased_raw_water; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_purchased_raw_water
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Intake electricity (intake_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Actual intake pumping and screens.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_intake_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_intake_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Elementary flows

River-water withdrawal (river_resource)

Only direct river abstraction; identify basin and intake meter.

• Selected flow: river water 805a7346-1664-4483-afe3-4b224be5e361
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_river_resource; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_river_resource
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Groundwater withdrawal (groundwater_resource)

Only direct groundwater abstraction; record aquifer and pumping.

• Selected flow: ground water 4f462198-40cd-4184-8733-86648a20dc3f
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_groundwater_resource; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_groundwater_resource
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Seawater abstraction for desalination (seawater_resource)

Only actual seawater intake; distinguish from marketed raw seawater.

• Selected flow: Seawater abstraction for desalination
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_seawater_resource; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_seawater_resource
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Process: Clarification, filtration and disinfection (conventional)

Inputs

Product flows

Aluminium-sulfate coagulant (aluminium_sulfate)

Only an actual alum coagulation route; record active fraction and solution mass separately.

• Selected flow: Aluminium-sulfate coagulant
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_aluminium_sulfate; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_aluminium_sulfate
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Sodium-hypochlorite disinfectant (sodium_hypochlorite)

Only the actual hypochlorite route; other disinfectants and UV electricity require separate cards.

• Selected flow: Sodium-hypochlorite disinfectant
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_sodium_hypochlorite; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_sodium_hypochlorite
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Treatment electricity (treatment_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Mixing, filtration, backwash and actual disinfection equipment.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_treatment_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Outputs

Waste flows

Water-treatment sludge (treatment_sludge)

Transferred wet sludge with dry-solids fraction, contaminants and treatment fate.

• Selected flow: Water-treatment sludge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_treatment_sludge; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_sludge
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Process: Membrane desalination (membrane)

Inputs

Product flows

Membrane-system electricity (membrane_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Actual high-pressure, circulation and recovery auxiliaries; net recovered energy is reconciled, not credited twice.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_membrane_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_membrane_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Replacement polyamide RO membrane (polyamide_membrane)

Only actual polyamide RO modules; record service replacement fraction and disposal once.

• Selected flow: Replacement polyamide RO membrane
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_polyamide_membrane; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_polyamide_membrane
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Outputs

Waste flows

RO concentrate transferred for management (membrane_concentrate)

Only treatment/management transfers; direct receiving-water releases need species and compartment rows.

• Selected flow: RO concentrate transferred for management
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_membrane_concentrate; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_membrane_concentrate
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Process: Thermal desalination (thermal)

Inputs

Product flows

Imported desalination heat (desalination_heat)

Actual imported thermal energy; on-site heat generation uses its own fuel/combustion inventory.

• Selected flow: Imported desalination heat
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_desalination_heat; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_desalination_heat
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Thermal-desalination electricity (thermal_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Actual evaporation, circulation and distillate pumps.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_thermal_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_thermal_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Outputs

Waste flows

Thermal-desalination brine transferred for management (thermal_brine)

Record temperature, salinity and management fate; species-resolved direct discharge separately.

• Selected flow: Thermal-desalination brine transferred for management
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_thermal_brine; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_thermal_brine
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Process: Used-water reclamation (reuse)

Inputs

Product flows

Reclamation electricity (reuse_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Actual reclamation process; disaggregate aeration, pumping and polishing and avoid duplicate conventional-stage meters.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_reuse_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_reuse_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Waste flows

Used-water feed unsuitable before reclamation (used_water_feed)

Only actual waste-water feed; already suitable supplied reclaimed water is a product input with a provider.

• Selected flow: Used-water feed unsuitable before reclamation
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_used_water_feed; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_used_water_feed
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Outputs

Waste flows

Sludge from used-water reclamation (reclamation_sludge)

Only actual reclaimed-water processing solids; distinguish upstream wastewater-treatment sludge and assign each treatment burden once.

• Selected flow: Sludge from used-water reclamation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_reclamation_sludge; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_reclamation_sludge
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Process: Supply metering and declared distribution (supply)

Inputs

Product flows

Supply electricity (supply_power)

This purchased electricity exchange requires independently confirmed actual supplier, consumption or production interface, geography, voltage, generation attributes and energy property/unit; its UUID remains unresolved until a compatible direct-read identity is confirmed. A waste-incineration generation flow must not represent arbitrary site power.

Include distribution pumping only when the selected reference gate extends through the network.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the attributable reporting-period quantity under cp_supply_power; divide by D after stock, transfer and allocation reconciliation.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_supply_power
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

Outputs

Product flows

Bulk water suitable for the declared further use (final_product)

One quality specification and gate; exclude unusable residuals and separately declared seawater products.

• Selected flow: Bulk water suitable for the declared further use
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: 1 m3
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 m3 reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_output
• Sources: epa-water-2004, doe-desalination, doe-alternative-water

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_hierarchy	joint production	Prefer process subdivision or defensible system expansion; otherwise use demonstrated physical causality. Use economic allocation only with consistent period, price, currency and sensitivity when physical causality is unavailable. Retain the unallocated inventory.	ef-allocation-2021
allocation_product	reference and co-products	Separate raw-water abstraction, treatment, desalination, reuse and distribution meters. For co-produced heat, power or salt, retain unallocated inventories and demonstrated physical relationships. Reclaimed water is not automatically burden-free and avoided freshwater is not an automatic credit; declare the wastewater-treatment service and recycling allocation consistently.
allocation_waste	waste and recycling	Classify each output by physical state and actual fate. A sale does not automatically make a residue a co-product; internal recycling receives no avoided-product credit. Apply treatment burdens once.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_river_resource	intake	river_resource	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Integrate the calibrated source/input meter over matched operating intervals; record basin or provider, source salinity and quality, temperature, opening/closing storage, bypass and recycle. Record return-water quantity and destination separately. Do not infer intake from product volume or assume intake equals consumption.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_groundwater_resource	intake	groundwater_resource	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Integrate the calibrated source/input meter over matched operating intervals; record basin or provider, source salinity and quality, temperature, opening/closing storage, bypass and recycle. Record return-water quantity and destination separately. Do not infer intake from product volume or assume intake equals consumption.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_seawater_resource	intake	seawater_resource	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Integrate the calibrated source/input meter over matched operating intervals; record basin or provider, source salinity and quality, temperature, opening/closing storage, bypass and recycle. Record return-water quantity and destination separately. Do not infer intake from product volume or assume intake equals consumption.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_purchased_raw_water	intake	purchased_raw_water	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Integrate the calibrated source/input meter over matched operating intervals; record basin or provider, source salinity and quality, temperature, opening/closing storage, bypass and recycle. Record return-water quantity and destination separately. Do not infer intake from product volume or assume intake equals consumption.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_intake_power	intake	intake_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_aluminium_sulfate	conventional	aluminium_sulfate	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Reconcile weighed deliveries, tank inventory changes and actual dosing logs; retain solution density and measured active concentration. Normalize active chemical mass and disclose the carrier water without double counting.	kg	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_sodium_hypochlorite	conventional	sodium_hypochlorite	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Reconcile weighed deliveries, tank inventory changes and actual dosing logs; retain solution density and measured active concentration. Normalize active chemical mass and disclose the carrier water without double counting.	kg	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_treatment_power	conventional	treatment_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_treatment_sludge	conventional	treatment_sludge	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Measure transferred residue by calibrated volume or weight records matched to salinity, wet/dry-solids assay, temperature and final management fate. Separate returned water and direct receiving-water species; retain transport and treatment provider information.	kg	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_membrane_power	membrane	membrane_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_polyamide_membrane	membrane	polyamide_membrane	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	kg	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_membrane_concentrate	membrane	membrane_concentrate	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Measure transferred residue by calibrated volume or weight records matched to salinity, wet/dry-solids assay, temperature and final management fate. Separate returned water and direct receiving-water species; retain transport and treatment provider information.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_desalination_heat	thermal	desalination_heat	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_thermal_power	thermal	thermal_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_thermal_brine	thermal	thermal_brine	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Measure transferred residue by calibrated volume or weight records matched to salinity, wet/dry-solids assay, temperature and final management fate. Separate returned water and direct receiving-water species; retain transport and treatment provider information.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_used_water_feed	reuse	used_water_feed	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Integrate the calibrated source/input meter over matched operating intervals; record basin or provider, source salinity and quality, temperature, opening/closing storage, bypass and recycle. Record return-water quantity and destination separately. Do not infer intake from product volume or assume intake equals consumption.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_reuse_power	reuse	reuse_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_supply_power	supply	supply_power	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	MJ	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_output	supply	final_product	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Record calibrated outlet volumetric meter readings and water temperature at the chosen plant/network gate, subtract nonconforming and rejected output, reconcile storage and transfers, and independently retain positive net accepted volume D in m3. Match water-quality sampling to the reporting period and intended-use specification.	m3	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty
cp_reclamation_sludge	reuse	reclamation_sludge	measurement_record	period; site; amount; original unit; uncertainty; stock changes; route condition; allocation; D; product qualifiers	Calibrated weighing, metering or traceable transfer records; reconcile period, opening/closing stock, actual grade and boundary.	kg	Each meter interval or shipment; monthly reconciliation	Complete year or justified representative production campaign	One metered plant or distribution gate at measured water temperature	per 1 m3 reference flow	Calibration; original records; assay; balance residuals; uncertainty

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalization	all cards	Exchange = attributable period quantity / D. Reconcile inventories and cancel internal transfers before aggregation.	cp_output; row-specific cp records	per 1 m3 reference flow
physical_balance	production	Close source-water, product, concentrate, sludge water, backwash, reuse, evaporation, flushing, network losses and stock balances. D is accepted net m3 at the declared gate; record meter temperature. Convert chemical solution and wet sludge masses with measured concentration and moisture. Abstraction is not equal to consumption: disclose receiving basin and returned quantity/quality. Do not convert m3 to kg using an undocumented universal density.	Matched mass, volume, composition and stock measurements	Balance residual and uncertainty

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
representativeness	dataset	Use matching production and exchange periods, actual technology, geography and supplier state. Record startup, shutdown, seasonal variation and substitutions.	collection records
identity_and_ranges	all cards	Unresolved identities and missing independent range evidence remain explicit. Do not replace measurement by a guessed industry range or by missing-as-zero.	manifest review metadata

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference	final_product	Verify 1 m3, positive D, product state, property/unit and every required qualifier. Each dataset fixes one product and route.
validate_balance	site	Close source-water, product, concentrate, sludge water, backwash, reuse, evaporation, flushing, network losses and stock balances. D is accepted net m3 at the declared gate; record meter temperature. Convert chemical solution and wet sludge masses with measured concentration and moisture. Abstraction is not equal to consumption: disclose receiving basin and returned quantity/quality. Do not convert m3 to kg using an undocumented universal density.
validate_coverage	handoff	Verify each applicable exchange, its provider or environmental compartment and final waste fate; identify skipped checks, unresolved identities, missing measurements and upstream gaps. Errors or unassessed mandatory coverage cannot be labelled complete.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground_dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Supply fit-for-declared-use bulk water, without claiming universal potable/non-potable equivalence
excluded_use	Marketed seawater; hot-water heat supply; distilled-water chemicals; bottled/carbonated beverages; unusable wastewater
required_metadata	site, basin and year; source and salinity; untreated/treated/reclaimed state; intended further use and quality evidence; treatment train; meter temperature; plant/network gate; losses and stock change; residual fate; allocation; energy supply
required_quality_disclosure	Identity and measurement gaps; boundary coverage; uncertainty; allocation; temporal and geographical representativeness
update_trigger	Changed product, route, yield, supply, waste fate, site or representative period

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
epa-water-2004	official_guidance	US EPA, Drinking Water Treatment, EPA 816-F-04-034, June 2004, PDF pp.2–3. https://archive.epa.gov/water/archive/web/pdf/2009_08_28_sdwa_fs_30ann_treatment_web.pdf	Water-source differences, flocculation/sedimentation, filtration and disinfection; process description only, not current compliance guidance.
doe-desalination	official_guidance	US DOE, Desalination Basics, web snapshot 1 October 2026, How Does Desalination Work? https://www.energy.gov/cmei/ito/desalination-basics	Membrane and thermal route distinction, permeate and saline concentrate; no performance defaults.
doe-alternative-water	official_guidance	US DOE, Best Management Practice 14: Alternative Water Sources, web snapshot 1 October 2026. https://www.energy.gov/cmei/femp/best-management-practice-14-alternative-water-sources	Reclaimed and alternative water suitability for declared further use.
cpc3-notes-2025	official_guidance	UNSD, CPC Version 3.0 Explanatory Notes, 30 June 2025. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	Classification scope only; no process quantities.
ef-allocation-2021	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I section 4.5, consolidated 30 December 2021. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02021H2279-20211230	Multifunctionality hierarchy; not a claim of complete PEF conformity.