Pulp, paper, paperboard and paper-converting machinery

1. Scope and Applicability

This manufacturing PCR covers declared configured machinery for producing fibrous cellulosic pulp, making/finishing paper or paperboard, and making-up pulp/paper/paperboard except bookbinding. Include compatible mechanical/thermomechanical refining, chemical/nonwood cooking, recycled-fibre stock preparation, sheet forming, pressing, drying, calendering, sizing/coating, creping, slitting/rewinding/cutting, corrugating, carton/bag/envelope making and folding/gluing configurations. Declare principal function and integrated versus independently supplied equipment. Installed first-set clothing, rolls, knives, controls, drive assemblies and actual fills follow the delivered configuration; loose spare stocks and customer consumables are separately disclosed. Sources un-cpc3 and the manufacturer architectures establish category and contrasting examples, not an industry recipe.

Exclude standalone bookbinding/printing machinery, separately classified generic motors, pumps, boilers, chemical recovery plant, independently supplied dryers and spare parts from the finished reference. Their actual inclusion as bought input into one reviewed machine remains possible. A combined printing-converting line, chemical pressure vessel, drying module or paper/plastic hybrid needs item-specific principal-function classification; a line label alone does not classify every unit. Pulp, paper, recovered paper, chemicals and steam used by the downstream mill are excluded except actual measured factory trials. Refurbished equipment and customer-site commissioning are separate disclosed scenarios.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.special-purpose-machinery.machinery-for-making-pulp-of-fibrous-cellulosic-material-or-for-making-or-finishing-pap-79fe0566
classification_refs	CPC3.0:44913; exact semantic category, subject to concrete-item classification
covered_products	Configured pulp making; paper/board making and finishing; making-up and converting machinery except bookbinding
excluded_products	Printing/bookbinding; generic plant utilities; independently supplied spare parts/dryers; pulp/paper products; whole-mill output
representative_product	One accepted declared refiner, pulper, paper machine or corrugator/folder-gluer/bag machine configuration; no single model defines the whole category
production_route	Actual casting or bought castings; rolled/formed/welded/machined materials; surface finishing; supplied modules; assembly/control integration; factory tests/rework; packing
market_state	New accepted configured machinery at declared manufacturing gate; complete supplied scope and transport disassembly declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply the declared configured pulp/paper/board/making-up machine
How much	1 kg accepted net configured machinery
How well	Actual principal function, supplied modules, acceptance requirements and material-grade/pressure/drive/control interfaces declared
How long or cycle	One manufacturing and acceptance cycle; user service life and replacement duty are scenario evidence, not defaults
reference_flow_link	finished_machine

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material or for making or finishing paper or paperboard, machinery (except bookbinding machinery) for making up paper pulp, paper or paperboard 59606f39-b2c5-4c5d-a906-0b9110b7c256
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	principal function and classification decision; pulp/paper/converting family; model/configuration; complete delivered BOM and installed fills/clothing/accessories; net mass and accepted count; site/period; manufacture gate and transport disassembly; pressure/material/drive/control specifications; make/buy; factory tests; utility/provider geography; allocation and gaps

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Calibrated accepted net configured-machine masses define Dnet; packing, rejects, free trial loads and loose spares not in the declared reference are excluded. Use cp_mass for exactly one configuration/period.
native_quantity	all inventory rows	Actual reference property	native	Keep Mass/kg, Volume/m3 and Energy/MJ or kWh numerator native. Convert m3 and kg only with the stream own measured density at actual T/P; electrical MJ=kWh×3.6. Unit labels never repair wrong physical identity.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Actual received metal/chemical feedstocks and bought supplied-state modules linked to upstream providers
starting_condition_role	foreground_input_interface
product_classification_scope	Reviewed full category with each concrete function and module exception declared
recursive_input_rule	A bought completed same-category unit retains its upstream manufacture once; only actual local integration/test is added. Partial input covers completed operations only; local remainder is explicit.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Compatible supplied state, grade, geography, provider and unit for each actual input or waste-treatment link
disclosure	Gate, sites/subcontractors, transport, unshipped installation/commissioning, module/fill/clothing inclusion, make/buy and unresolved identities

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory	Include actual supply transport, manufacture, finishing, assembly, factory trials, rejects/rework, utilities, abatement and packing; report separate actual transport-service rows by mode and provider. Downstream user mill production/service and user end-of-life remain separate.	un-cpc3; andritz-cast
boundary_makebuy	Count each bought complete or partial supplied module and its finished operations once; do not also count embedded materials or power. Pair internal transfers and cancel once. Incorporated installed first-set items enter configured Dnet; shipping packaging/loose excluded supplies do not.	valmet-headbox; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
casting	Conditional local casting	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
fabrication	Metal fabrication and machining	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
finish	Cleaning surface finishing	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
assembly	Configured mechanical electrical integration	required	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
test	Factory acceptance and rework	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
utilities	Actual site utilities	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
dispatch	Packing and gate handover	required	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow
residues	External wastes and measured releases	conditional	Actual declared site operation; never a universal recipe	foreground_process	per 1 kg reference flow

Process: Conditional local casting (casting)

Inputs

Product flows

Foundry pig iron (pigiron)

Actual site melt charge with measured alloy composition and supplier state; no standard recipe.

• Selected flow: Foundry pig iron
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast

Sorted steel scrap for remelting (scrapcharge)

Only actual externally pretreated/sorted or remelted scrap matching the selected supplied route; preserve actual grade, chemistry and completed operations. Paired internal runners are returns rather than another purchase.

• Selected flow: Scrap Steel 6cb5e364-ba39-4009-8b40-a76fdc88bc42
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast

Silica foundry sand (sand)

Actual specified foundry sand makeup; declared grain distribution, silica assay and moisture; internal sand circulation cancels.

• Selected flow: Silica foundry sand
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast

Phenolic resin (resin)

Only actual phenol-formaldehyde condensation resin input for a documented resin-bonded mould route; verify prepolymer/formulation state; separately supplied catalyst and solvent need additional atomic rows.

• Selected flow: Phenolic resin 9f10798f-ffb5-402d-b805-27d2db4e2caf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast

Foundry bentonite binder (bentonite)

Only documented bentonite-bonded mould route; wine fining and raw mine clay cannot represent the processed foundry binder.

• Selected flow: Foundry bentonite binder
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast

Factory electricity (casting_electricity)

Actual metered attributable casting electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: andritz-cast

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Metal fabrication and machining (fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

Carbon steel plate (steel)

Actual grade, thickness and rolled state for frames, vessels or fabricated rolls; conflicting bilingual metals are unavailable.

• Selected flow: Carbon steel plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

304 stainless steel sheet (stainless)

Conditional actual 304 sheet manufacture; the Valmet pulp-drying headbox example establishes stainless construction but no universal 304 grade.

• Selected flow: 304 stainless steel sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Duplex stainless steel plate (duplex)

Only actual corrosion-service duplex grade supported by purchase and alloy assay; not assumed for all digesters or wet ends.

• Selected flow: Duplex stainless steel plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Aluminium extrusion profile (aluminium)

Only actual extruded profile of documented alloy for guards or structural frames; finished purchased guards exclude duplicate profile fabrication.

• Selected flow: Aluminium extrusion profile 4f197be3-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Copper wire (copper)

Bare copper wire only for actual local wiring or winding; insulated cable and bought motor are separate supply states.

• Selected flow: copper wire 4f197beb-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Stainless steel welding wire (weld)

Only actual filler-fed stainless welding; specify alloy and solid/flux-cored state. Filler-free joining does not imply wire.

• Selected flow: Stainless steel welding wire
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Gaseous argon (argon)

Actual gaseous shielding argon only; purity and provider must match. Liquid supply includes its own actual vaporisation; volume-to-mass uses actual temperature, pressure and density.

• Selected flow: Argon, gaseous f83a939c-a58f-44de-a593-d9c9ffb584e4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Metalworking cutting fluid (cutfluid)

Actual purchased liquid metalworking formulation for machining; match formulation and concentration, measure own water fraction and lubricant assay; gas cooling is a separate exchange.

• Selected flow: Cutting Fluid 576d250f-4f36-4385-939d-0f03b8f95a10
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Factory electricity (fabrication_electricity)

Actual metered attributable fabrication electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: andritz-cast; valmet-headbox

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Cleaning surface finishing (finish)

Inputs

Product flows

Powder coating (coat)

Only actual purchased dry polymer powder formulation applied locally; document resin and additives, retained coating, reclaim and cure; no assumed epoxy recipe or coverage.

• Selected flow: Powder Coating 6e3010f9-fbd3-48f6-95fc-c1b38d2800d2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Isopropanol (ipa)

Actual IPA cleaning input with own solution assay; selected China at-plant identity requires matched procurement. Distinguish retained, recovered, destroyed, wastewater and emitted fractions.

• Selected flow: Isopropanol a4a75541-e156-4e30-947c-ba067a682afd
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Citric acid (citric)

Only actual citric-acid cleaning/passivation formulation with own assay and water fraction; other acids are separate.

• Selected flow: Citric acid
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Nitric acid (nitric)

Only actual purchased 50% aqueous nitric-acid cleaning/etching reagent; quantity is whole solution, with own assay and water fraction. Other concentrations require distinct matched identities; no generic stainless passivation recipe.

• Selected flow: Nitric acid, 50% aqueous solution db613797-10b0-4252-b818-659b99ce85dd
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Process water (water)

Actual treated industrial wash/rinse makeup only, with own quality and supply interface; circulation is not fresh supply.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Factory electricity (finish_electricity)

Actual metered attributable finish electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: valmet-headbox

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Configured mechanical electrical integration (assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Finished grey-cast-iron machine casting (castiron)

Actual bought completed grey-iron housing or cylinder casting; primary cast-iron metal and iron ore do not include the casting manufacture. If made locally replace this input with its actual casting route.

• Selected flow: Finished grey-cast-iron machine casting
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished refiner plate (refiner)

Match actual alloy, supplied finish and mechanical/thermomechanical/chemical-pulp compatibility; the Muncy casting example does not establish one alloy.

• Selected flow: Finished refiner plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished paper-machine dryer cylinder (roll)

Distinguish an actual bought cylinder from an independently classified complete dryer, or onsite rolled/welded steel Yankee. Record supplied coating and internal assemblies exactly once.

• Selected flow: Finished paper-machine dryer cylinder
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished pulp-drying headbox (headbox)

Only compatible actual hydraulic or rectifier-roll headbox supplied as a unit; Valmet evidence is pulp-drying wet-end specific, not every paper machine.

• Selected flow: Finished pulp-drying headbox
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished pulper rotor (pulper)

Actual pulper-compatible purchased rotor, not wind or helicopter rotor. Local rotor fabrication is a separate make route.

• Selected flow: Finished pulper rotor
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished pulp screen basket (screen)

Record actual finished screen basket with slot/hole and corrosion specification; raw pulp or general cloth is not an equipment input.

• Selected flow: Finished pulp screen basket
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished pulp digester vessel (digester)

Actual purchased supplied vessel, with pressure boundary and inclusions declared; onsite plate forming/welding replaces upstream vessel manufacture.

• Selected flow: Finished pulp digester vessel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished corrugating-roll cassette (corrroll)

Only actual bought cassette with rolls and included drive/service interfaces; BHS documents replaceable modules and steam/condensate connections, not a universal bill of materials.

• Selected flow: Finished corrugating-roll cassette
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Finished paper-bag bottom-closing module (bagmodule)

Only actual bought compatible closing module. Holweg servo closing and handle/window options illustrate a bag-making configuration, not every machine or an automatic printing classification.

• Selected flow: Finished paper-bag bottom-closing module
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Industrial electric motor (motor)

Actual rated industrial motor with speed/drive interface; do not borrow a conveyor/washing-module expert-estimate BOM for a refiner motor.

• Selected flow: Industrial electric motor
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Industrial reduction gearbox (gearbox)

Actual bought gearbox with duty, ratio and oil state; wind-turbine gearbox is not a generic compatible input.

• Selected flow: Industrial reduction gearbox
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Hydraulic power unit (hydraulic)

Only actual compatible purchased hydraulic assembly; a metal-press subsystem quantified by Energy is unavailable for a mass component input.

• Selected flow: Hydraulic power unit
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Roller bearing (bearing)

Actual bought finished roller bearing with load and compatibility; broad bearing identity requires actual subtype specification, not a cage or a wind pitch system.

• Selected flow: Ball or roller bearings 9b10184f-db9d-4cc7-94b5-02ab19ca370d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Programmable logic controller (plc)

Actual complete CN hardware PLC input only with procurement/voltage compatibility; embedded board, chips and solder remain upstream.

• Selected flow: Programmable logic controller 5b817eb4-cab3-4fed-87c9-457d66d0bb19
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Insulated copper control/power cable (cable)

Actual purchased insulated cable with cross-section and voltage; bare wire and an Energy-referenced component cannot substitute.

• Selected flow: Insulated copper control/power cable
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

EPDM rubber gasket (gasket)

Only actual EPDM finished gasket of verified dimensions and compound; general sealing elements do not establish the polymer.

• Selected flow: EPDM rubber gasket
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Paper-machine forming fabric (fabric)

Only the actual supplied machine clothing of declared polymer, structure and net mass; printed apparel fabric and its marketing lifetime are unrelated.

• Selected flow: Paper-machine forming fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Paper-machine press felt (felt)

Actual included press felt with fibre/BOM specification; distinguish supplied first set from subsequent user replacement and free shipping spares.

• Selected flow: Paper-machine press felt
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Polyurethane conveyor belt (belt)

Only documented actual PU belt; rubber belting or conveying service is a different identity. No universal belt material follows from BOBST architecture.

• Selected flow: Polyurethane conveyor belt
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Machine paper-cutting knife (blade)

Actual compatible installed knife, distinct from steel saw blade, generic machining consumable or non-machine scissors.

• Selected flow: Machine paper-cutting knife
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Paperboard steel-rule cutting die (die)

Only actual configured purchased die installed in the delivered converting machine; customer tools merely used for factory test are separate consumed or returned loads.

• Selected flow: Paperboard steel-rule cutting die
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Hydraulic fluid (oil)

Actual fill physically shipped in a compatible mineral/synthetic-base hydraulic system; selected Volume reference is native m3, convert weighed amount with independently measured density at actual temperature. Bought prefilled module excludes duplicate fill.

• Selected flow: Hydraulic Fluid 30691a38-a947-4b41-991e-194f6c9aa88f
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Lubricating grease (grease)

Only actual documented supplied grease and separately consumed shop grease; liquid lubricant is not automatically the same grade.

• Selected flow: Lubricating grease
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Factory electricity (assembly_electricity)

Actual metered attributable assembly electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: valmet-headbox; andritz-cooking; andritz-recycled; andritz-paper; bobst-fold; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Factory acceptance and rework (test)

Inputs

Product flows

Tap water (tap)

Actual hydrostatic, circulation or cleaning test water; record fresh supply, stocks and matched returns, actual water quality and density; customer mill water consumption is excluded.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Bleached kraft wood pulp test load (pulp)

Only actual declared factory acceptance or prototype stock test, never a fixed customer mill recipe; match pulping, bleaching and dry-solids state. Returned customer stock cancels.

• Selected flow: Bleached kraft wood pulp test load
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Corrugated cardboard test blank (paper)

Actual C/E/F corrugated board, fibre content at least80%, containing recycled material with actual fraction documented, used solely for factory converting tests; other grades need separate identities.

• Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard 8bde297e-98df-463f-bcb4-0db52bf6e0b5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Unbleached kraft paper test web (kraft)

Only actual bag-making or cutting acceptance-test web; specify grade and moisture, consumed/returned quantities and rejected tests; user production throughput is not a factory input.

• Selected flow: Unbleached kraft paper test web
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Polyvinyl acetate adhesive (glue)

Only actual PVA adhesive formulation consumed during factory gluer acceptance tests; retain own solids/water fraction and stock return; no automatic application to corrugator starch or machine manufacture.

• Selected flow: Polyvinyl acetate adhesive
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Starch corrugating adhesive (starch)

Only actual prepared starch adhesive consumed in factory corrugating trials, with formulation constituents separately identified if mixed onsite; no user running recipe.

• Selected flow: Starch-based adhesive 2a847cb1-f8c0-4fd4-8c7c-2f26f1dcec70
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_test.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Factory electricity (test_electricity)

Actual metered attributable test electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: bobst-fold; holweg-bag

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Actual site utilities (utilities)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased industrial heat (heat)

Only actual purchased CN natural-gas-fired industrial thermal service matching provider. Use native Energy/MJ despite Gross calorific value label; physical steam/return masses are separately measured. Supplier boiler fuel is upstream.

• Selected flow: Heat, district or industrial, natural gas eb581eb3-c707-41a0-b4e6-ee1854551714
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources:

Gaseous natural gas (gas)

Only actual site combustion with declared gas assay, temperature/pressure, density and calorific value; a single generating-project or drying-specific interface cannot establish universal fuel identity.

• Selected flow: Gaseous natural gas
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources:

Compressed air (air)

Only actual purchased compressed air at declared reference conditions in native m3. Actual onsite compression records electricity once and does not duplicate purchased service.

• Selected flow: Compressed air 46e2b1e4-5a4e-4579-b6a2-65b03f9ce825
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Packing and gate handover (dispatch)

Inputs

Product flows

Factory electricity (dispatch_electricity)

Actual metered attributable dispatch electricity only; CN1–35kV user-side supply requires matched geography, voltage and provider. Shared services include only unassigned residual.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_utilities.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: bhs-corrugator

Corrugated cardboard (board)

Actual C/E/F packing board with fibre content at least80%, contains recycled material of documented actual fraction; other grades and bought cartons need separate identities.

• Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard 8bde297e-98df-463f-bcb4-0db52bf6e0b5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: bhs-corrugator

Low-density polyethylene foil (PE-LD) (film)

Only actual LDPE protective foil, not self-adhesive, non-cellular, not reinforced, laminated, supported or combined with other materials. Confirm supplier polymer grade and supplied state; other PE grades and multilayer films require separate atomic identities.

• Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene foil (PE-LD) 2cecd3a7-d90e-44b4-aec5-1d9dfb907477
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: bhs-corrugator

EURO wooden pallet (pallet)

Only actual EURO pallet matching dimensions and supplied state; reuse allocation uses documented trips/returns. Other crates are distinct.

• Selected flow: Wooden pallet (EURO) 96b2b9ac-cfb6-46bf-8ad1-c056e338950a
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_inputs.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: bhs-corrugator

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted configured pulp/paper/converting machinery (finished_machine)

One kg accepted net declared configured machinery at the gate; scope and supplied modules/accessories explicit; no pulp, paper or mill output is the reference.

• Selected flow: Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material or for making or finishing paper or paperboard, machinery (except bookbinding machinery) for making up paper pulp, paper or paperboard 59606f39-b2c5-4c5d-a906-0b9110b7c256
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_mass
• Sources: bhs-corrugator

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: External wastes and measured releases (residues)

Inputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Steel machining scrap (wsteel)

Actual segregated steel offcuts/chips transferred to recycling, with own grade/assay; internal remelt and component rework transfers cancel.

• Selected flow: Steel scrap e4449c6f-3b27-426d-ba8d-47c20c99c609
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Spent silica foundry sand (wsand)

Only actual discharged used sand with binder/contaminant and moisture assay; recirculated mould sand is not waste.

• Selected flow: Spent silica foundry sand
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Metal-hydroxide treatment sludge (sludge)

Actual discharged wet finishing-treatment sludge with own water fraction and each metal assay; gross wet mass is not elemental metal.

• Selected flow: Metal-hydroxide treatment sludge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Machinery-factory wastewater (wastewater)

Actual factory cleaning/test wastewater at treatment handover with own water/species assays; paper-mill production wastewater or municipal influent is not interchangeable.

• Selected flow: Machinery-factory wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Spent IPA cleaning solution (spentipa)

Actual handed-over spent IPA solution with own assay and recovery destination, separate from destroyed or emitted solvent.

• Selected flow: Spent IPA cleaning solution
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Paperboard factory-test waste (wtest)

Actual discharged tested corrugated blanks only; packaging trim and customer production waste do not substitute. Returned reusable test loads cancel.

• Selected flow: Paperboard factory-test waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Rejected paper-machinery assembly (reject)

Actual final rejected configured assembly leaving as waste; reusable rework is not external waste and user end-of-life machinery is outside factory scope.

• Selected flow: Rejected paper-machinery assembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_waste.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide to air (co2)

Actual attributable fossil CO2 to ordinary unspecified outdoor air; retain origin and post-control monitoring; supplier/user emissions excluded.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

Fossil carbon monoxide to air (co)

Actual species-specific fossil CO to ordinary unspecified outdoor air; carbon closure alone cannot infer this release.

• Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air (no2)

Only measured molecular NO2; nitrite or NOx as NO2-equivalent is not the same chemical exchange.

• Selected flow: Molecular nitrogen dioxide to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

Sulfur dioxide to ordinary air (so2)

Actual SO2 in ordinary outdoor-air compartment, not stratosphere/water/indoor substitutes.

• Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide to ordinary air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

PM2.5 to ordinary air (pm)

Actual measured particulate fraction below2.5micrometres to ordinary air; wrong compartment or unspecified particle size cannot substitute.

• Selected flow: PM2.5 to ordinary air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

Water vapour to air (vapor)

Actual net factory evaporation to ordinary air; separate own water in sludge/product, reactions, returns and stocks.

• Selected flow: water vapour fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac04-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

Isopropanol to air (ipair)

Actual post-control IPA species release to ordinary air with matched concentration, flow and time plus independently measured fugitives. Capture/recovery/destruction remain different fates.

• Selected flow: isopropanol fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a843-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured attributable native-unit exchange for the declared configuration and period divided by Dnet; use cp_emissions.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources:

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
allocation_actual	Prefer measured configuration/process segregation. Shared fabrication and services use documented causal drivers and an explicitly justified allocation if unavoidable; retain reject/rework/test burden in accepted production. Allocate only unassigned shared residual and investigate negative residual without clipping.
allocation_recycling	Separate internal returns from external waste treatment; disclose recycling method and treatment provider. Avoid arbitrary recycling credits, displacement, free coproduct assumptions or reuse-life factors.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_mass	dispatch	accepted configured machine	foreground_record	model/configuration; serial/BOM; calibrated accepted net mass; Naccepted; Dnet; gate; period; installed first set and fills; excluded packing/loose spares/test stocks	Use calibrated weighing or traceable weighing records for exactly the accepted delivered configuration; sum actual accepted net masses to Dnet and match accepted count. Transport-disassembled sets retain one nonduplicated complete BOM.	kg	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty
cp_inputs	fabrication	each actual material/component	foreground_record	atomic identity; supplied state; native amount Qattr; own chemistry/assay/moisture; stocks; returns; onsite reaction; retained material; supplier/transport; make/buy; configuration/period	Reconcile calibrated receipts, actual BOM/issues, stock change and returns; each stream own gross mass and assay, not alloy/sludge gross mass as contained Fe/Cu. Separate finished versus partial modules and actual local operations.	native	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty
cp_utilities	utilities	each metered utility	foreground_record	native Qattr; import/generation/export/storage; fabrication/casting/finish/assembly/test/dispatch meters; unassigned residual; heat datum; separate supplied/return kg and MJ/kg; actual T/P/density; provider/configuration/period	Match one period/site; reconcile imports plus generation minus exports and storage with process loads. Assign shared services only from unassigned residual. Independently measure gross supply and return on one enthalpy datum; gross return deducted once, already-net heat never deducted twice; physical steam mass separate.	native	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty
cp_test	test	each actual factory test medium	foreground_record	trial/acceptance/rework log; Qattr; medium own assay/moisture/water fraction; load source; delivered/consumed/returned fractions; stocks; actual T density; runoff/evaporation/retention/reaction; configuration/period	Measure actual factory trials with separate meters and transfers; record consumed/returned test pulp/paper/adhesives separately, never user throughput, rated duty or a simulated mill recipe. Each water stream uses own water fraction, density and measured losses/stocks.	native	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty
cp_waste	residues	each waste handover	foreground_record	identity; Qattr wet gross mass; own moisture/water fraction; each contaminant assay; treatment/provider; retained rework and internal transfers; stocks/configuration/period	Use weighed transfer manifests and own stream sampling; retain gross mass distinct from contained elements/water and pair returns. External provider emissions stay in provider process.	kg	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty
cp_emissions	residues	each elementary species	foreground_record	species/CAS/origin/compartment; Qattr; measured post-control concentration; matched gas/liquid flow; same time interval; T/P/wet-dry/oxygen/unit correction; independent fugitive basis; capture/recovery/destruction; stocks	Measure each species after actual controls using matched concentration × gas/liquid flow × same period with measured state/unit corrections, plus independently measured fugitives; unexplained mass residual or carbon closure cannot create an emission.	kg	each batch and matched meter interval	one common production period	declared configuration and sites	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; receipts; own assays; BOM/acceptance; uncertainty

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_period	all inventory rows	For one configuration and period divide each attributable native-unit exchange total by the sum of accepted configured-machine net masses; keep raw amounts, units and uncertainty.	Qattr; Dnet; cp_mass	native-unit amount per kg reference flow

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_qnd	all inventory rows	For one configuration/period Qattr includes attributable rejects, rework and factory tests; Naccepted counts precisely the accepted net configured machines in Dnet. Per-machine exchange=Qattr/Naccepted; mean net mass=Dnet/Naccepted; per-kg exchange=Qattr/Dnet. Equivalent per-machine conversion uses measured mean net mass, never a catalogue weight or an invented fixed machine mass.	matched calibrated net-mass and acceptance ledger
quality_balances	all inventory rows	Each physical element/species term uses own gross mass and own assay, wet/dry basis and moisture with stocks, reactions, retained product, internal returns and external waste; gross alloy/sludge is not contained element. Each water stream uses own water fraction and measured density at actual temperature, with reaction generation/consumption, retention, evaporation, discharge and stocks; pair circulation returns.	stream-specific assays, stock and reaction ledger
quality_solvent	ipa; spentipa; ipair	Use each stream own IPA assay for stock-adjusted input, retained product, captured/recovered liquid, wastewater/spent media, destruction and measured air release. Capture differs from destruction; non-air fates never become air and unexplained residual remains unresolved.	independent fate/assay and emission measurements
quality_identity	all inventory rows	Match actual state/type, reference property/native unit, alloy/polymer/chemical, supplied completion, provider/geography and elementary compartment. Conditional identity UUIDs are no numeric defaults. Add every actual unlisted fastener, valve, coating reagent, welding gas, test stock, transport service, steam/return or waste species as an atomic queried and measured row. Unknown is not zero; absent requires proof.	actual procurement/BOM/process/provider and gap disclosure
quality_category	reference product	Full category remains broader than a single refiner/headbox/folder-gluer model. Independently classified dryers, printing, bookbinding, generic equipment and spare parts need supplied-state/principal-function review. Pressure-vessel chemistry, envelope/creping/calendering and unobserved configurations require item-specific primary architecture; examples never imply universal material grades, operating recipes, speed, lifetime or efficiency.	original configuration and classification decision

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference	Require complete declared accepted configured BOM, positive Dnet/Naccepted and actual principal-function review; reject a pulp/paper product or one unrelated partial component as full reference. Both languages use the same native numerator and one-kg net reference.	un-cpc3
validate_interfaces	Reject duplicate bought-module manufacture, embedded-material double counting, uncancelled internal returns, assumed supplied fills/clothing, or customer mill use quantities presented as factory burdens. Actual factory trial/reject/rework loads remain attributable.	andritz-cast; valmet-headbox; bhs-corrugator; holweg-bag
validate_physics	Require own stream element/water/solvent fate closure, measured post-control concentration with matched flow/time/state and independently measured fugitives. Reconcile utilities from imports/generation/exports/storage and actual process loads, allocate only unassigned residual; investigate negatives without clipping. Gross heat=supplied measured kg×its own MJ/kg minus independently measured return kg×its own MJ/kg on one datum, deducted once; already-net heat never deducts return again. Physical steam and heat separate; supplier boiler is upstream.
validate_species	Carbon closure cannot infer CO or NO2; NOx as NO2-equivalent is not pure molecular NO2. Ordinary-air emissions cannot use stratospheric/indoor/water flows. State20 and wrong reference property are unavailable. Report performed/skipped checks, missing records, findings and completeness.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground_data_package
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset; process; lifecyclemodel
allowed_use	Declared configured-machine production and compatible downstream supplied machinery scenario
excluded_use	Universal mill recipes, operation/service-life factors, printing/bookbinding/general equipment comparisons without reviewed scope, pulp/paper output datasets
required_metadata	All qualifiers, Qattr/Naccepted/Dnet and native units, actual BOM/makebuy, routes/sites/period, supplier/transport/treatment, tests, allocation and gaps
required_quality_disclosure	Measured/estimated/missing distinction, sampling/calibration/uncertainty and balance residual, classification and identity/provider gaps, performed/skipped checks/completeness
update_trigger	Configuration, function/classification, grade/route/makebuy, provider/site/period, supplied accessories or factory test changes

11. Data Sources

source_id	type	title	reference	used_for
un-cpc3	official_guidance	Central Product Classification Version3.0 Explanatory Notes	https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	30June2025; PDF/printed p241 leaf44913 and adjacent44912/44914: full pulp/paper making, finishing and making-up except bookbinding; classification only.
andritz-cast	handbook	ANDRITZ Inc., Muncy, Pennsylvania, USA	https://www.andritz.com/pulp-and-paper-en/locations/muncy-usa	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Actual foundry and precise machining of refiner plates; alloy and factory quantities remain measured, MDF use is outside the pulp/paper reference.
andritz-cooking	handbook	A-ConApex cooking technology	https://www.andritz.com/products-en/power-to-x/pulp-and-paper/pulp-production/a-conapex-technology	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Chemical/nonwood pulp continuous reactor, feeding/mixing/pump interfaces; not a mill chemical recipe or generic boiler boundary.
andritz-recycled	handbook	ANDRITZ deinking systems	https://www.andritz.com/products-en/products/pulp-and-paper/deinking-systems	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Recycled-fibre pulping, screening, cleaning, flotation, dewatering, dispersing/bleaching and reject/sludge treatment equipment; not customer waste or chemical quantities.
valmet-headbox	handbook	Valmet Headbox	https://www.valmet.com/pulp/pulp-drying/wet-end/headbox/	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Pulp-drying wet-end hydraulic versus rectifier-roll headbox, stainless construction and polished stock-contact faces; no universal304 specification.
andritz-paper	handbook	ANDRITZ PrimeLine paper and board machines	https://www.andritz.com/products-en/forever/pulp-and-paper/paper-production/paper-board-machines/primeline	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Configured paper/board drying sections with steel cylinders/Yankee, presses/coaters/winders as actual supplied options; no operating speed, drying duty or yield defaults.
bobst-fold	handbook	EXPERTFOLD 106 / 145 / 165 / 215 - Folder-gluer	https://www.bobst.com/afr/en/products/folding-gluing/expertfold-145-165	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Corrugated/litho-laminated board feeding, prebreaking, folding/gluing, belts and rejection options; no universal belt chemistry or factory quantity.
bhs-corrugator	handbook	Single Facer - BHS Corrugated	https://www.bhs-world.com/en/corrugators/individual-machines/single-facer	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Corrugating cassettes, pressure-roll/belt architectures, integrated controls and steam/condensate connections; actual supplied inclusion rather than paper-use recipe.
holweg-bag	handbook	5XF - HolwegWeber paper bag making line	https://www.holwegweber.com/production-lines/5xf/	Undated publisher page; snapshot2026-10-02. Servo bottom closing, handle/window/unwind/tension/glue-sensor options; optional printing/lamination highlights principal-function classification review.