Woven fabrics of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of artificial staple fibres

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to factory-gate production of woven fabric in which artificial staple fibres account for at least 85% of total fibre mass. Artificial staple fibres include regenerated or otherwise artificial non-synthetic staple fibres such as viscose, modal, lyocell, cupro, or acetate when the finished fabric satisfies the composition threshold. The declared fabric may be greige or may include wet pretreatment, dyeing, printing, coating, or functional finishing when those operations are part of the marketed product state and are reported explicitly.

The foreground starts with accepted spun yarn at the weaving mill and covers yarn preparation, warping, conditional sizing, weaving, inspection, and any on-site finishing needed to reach the declared factory-gate state. Upstream fibre and yarn production is represented by linked upstream datasets. Garment manufacture, distribution, use, laundering, and end-of-life are outside this PCR. Non-wovens, knitted fabrics, tufted floor coverings, special fabrics, fabrics below the 85% artificial-staple-fibre threshold, and fabrics whose dominant fibre is synthetic staple fibre are excluded.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.yarn-and-thread-woven-and-tufted-textile-fabrics.woven-fabrics-of-artificial-staple-fibres-containing-85-or-more-by-weight-of-artificial-21aa3bb0
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 26750, exact mapping context
covered_products	Woven fabrics containing at least 85% artificial staple fibres by total fibre mass, supplied as greige, dyed, printed, coated, or otherwise finished fabric when the declared production route includes those operations
excluded_products	Knitted and non-woven textiles; carpets and tufted fabrics; special fabrics; garments and made-up articles; fabrics below the 85% threshold; fabrics dominated by synthetic staple fibres
representative_product	Factory-gate woven fabric made primarily from artificial staple-fibre yarn
production_route	Incoming yarn acceptance, winding or preparation, warping, conditional sizing, weaving, inspection, and conditional wet pretreatment or finishing
market_state	Declared greige or finished fabric at the producing facility gate, dry and saleable, before garment conversion

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Production of woven fabric containing at least 85% artificial staple fibres by fibre mass
How much	1 kg of saleable fabric at the factory gate
How well	Meets the declared fibre composition, weave, width, mass per unit area, colour or finish, quality grade, and moisture condition
How long or cycle	Not applicable to a mass-based intermediate product; one declared production lot is the reporting cycle
reference_flow_link	The saleable fabric output of the last included foreground process, normalized to 1 kg

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Woven fabrics of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of artificial staple fibres 7037e578-630a-4ba2-8768-7858df8a46aa
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	artificial fibre type and supplier composition certificate; total fibre composition by mass; greige or finished state; weave or construction; fabric width; mass per unit area; colour, coating, or functional finish when present; moisture or conditioning state; quality grade; production geography; reporting period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, the product description, or an equivalent data-package field. A missing qualifier makes the reference flow incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Determine net saleable fabric mass after conditioning to the declared moisture state; exclude pallets, cores, and external packaging.
composition_threshold	Product category membership	Fibre mass fraction	% by mass	Verify that artificial staple fibres are at least 85% of total fibre mass using a supplier certificate, bill of materials, or a quantitative fibre-analysis result under the applicable ISO 1833 method; remove non-fibrous matter as required by the test method and do not use coatings or packaging in the fibre denominator.
area_to_mass_conversion	Area-based production records	Mass and area	kg and m2	Convert area records to mass only with the lot-specific measured mass per unit area and finished width; retain both raw measurements and the conversion formula.
water_volume_conversion	Metered process water and wastewater	Volume	m3	Preserve measured volume; if a mass representation is required, apply a documented density and temperature basis rather than assuming an undocumented conversion.
energy_carrier_separation	Electricity, steam, and fuels	Energy	kWh or MJ	Record electricity, purchased steam, and fuels separately and preserve their original metered units before any conversion to a common energy unit.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Accepted artificial staple-fibre yarn and any minor-fibre yarns at the weaving facility gate, with composition, mass, moisture condition, and supplier identity documented
starting_condition_role	Upstream product input to the foreground weaving route
product_classification_scope	Woven fabric with at least 85% artificial staple fibres by total fibre mass; classification is a scope check and not the canonical PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	Purchased greige or partly finished fabric within the same category is recorded once as an upstream product input with a separate upstream dataset; its earlier production is not recursively rebuilt inside the receiving process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link representative upstream datasets for fibre, yarn, sizing chemicals, water, electricity, fuels, other process chemicals, packaging, transport where included, and waste treatment
disclosure	Declare fibre type and composition, yarn origin, included unit operations, greige or finished state, wet-processing route, allocation choices, excluded operations, cut-offs, recycled-content claims, and whether utilities or treatment are on-site or supplied externally

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_starting_condition	Foreground start	Begin at documented receipt of spun yarn; model fibre and yarn manufacture as upstream datasets rather than silently omitting them.	eu-pef-method-2021
boundary_process_completeness	Foreground operations	Include yarn preparation, warping, weaving, inspection, and every conditional sizing or finishing operation actually required to reach the declared saleable fabric state.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023; zhang-et-al-2023-wet-processing
boundary_recursive_input	Same-category intermediate fabric	Stop recursive foreground expansion at a purchased same-category fabric input and require a distinct upstream dataset and supplier-state disclosure.	eu-pef-method-2021
boundary_environmental_flows	Inputs and outputs	Inventory material, water, energy, chemical, wastewater, waste-gas, and solid-waste flows at process level where relevant; disclose any excluded flow and its justification.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023; eu-textiles-bat-conclusions-2022; eu-pef-method-2021

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
yarn_preparation_and_warping	Yarn acceptance, preparation, and warping	required	Always included from incoming yarn receipt through production of warp beams and prepared weft yarn	Foreground material preparation	kg prepared yarn delivered to weaving
sizing	Warp sizing and drying	conditional	Include when size is applied to warp yarn at the reporting facility	Foreground yarn protection for weaving	kg sized warp yarn
weaving	Loom weaving and fabric inspection	required	Always included	Foreground fabric formation	kg inspected greige woven fabric
wet_pretreatment_and_finishing	Desizing, washing, dyeing, printing, coating, or functional finishing	conditional	Include each operation performed on-site or under operational control to reach the declared market state	Foreground finishing	kg saleable finished fabric

Process: Yarn acceptance, preparation, and warping (yarn_preparation_and_warping)

Inputs

Product flows

Artificial staple-fibre yarn (incoming_yarn)

Record the accepted non-retail artificial staple-fibre yarn entering the foreground. Any minor-fibre yarn must be added as its own atomic card with its actual identity.

• Selected flow: Yarn (other than sewing thread) of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of such fibres, not put up for retail sale b2fccf4f-e4c4-4723-9e9b-ef0956abd0fc
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured conditioned mass of accepted yarn consumed by the declared production lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable reference fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Electricity for winding and warping (preparation_electricity)

Record submetered electricity or an allocated facility-meter value for yarn handling, winding, and warping equipment.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, declared grid; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: measured or meter-allocated electricity used during the production lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Textile yarn lubricating oil (warping_lubricant)

Record the actual lubricating-oil formulation deliberately applied during yarn preparation or warping. Add any antistatic formulation as a separate atomic card.

• Selected flow: Textile yarn lubricating oil, declared formulation; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issue quantity less documented return quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

No waste flow is expected as an input to this process unless recovered yarn is deliberately reintroduced; if used, record it as a separate product or waste input according to its legal and physical status.

Elementary flows

No category-specific elementary input is prescribed. Site-specific resource inputs that cross the environment boundary must still be recorded.

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared warp beams and weft yarn (prepared_yarn_output)

Record the mass of prepared yarn transferred to sizing or directly to weaving; reconcile the output with incoming yarn, retained work-in-progress, and losses.

• Selected flow: Prepared artificial staple-fibre yarn; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from measured transfer mass and lot-level work-in-progress change
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Waste flows

Waste artificial staple-fibre yarn (preparation_yarn_waste)

Measure artificial staple-fibre yarn ends and damaged yarn packages that leave the process as waste.

• Selected flow: Waste artificial staple-fibre yarn; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the process, net of documented internal reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records

Waste paperboard yarn core (preparation_paper_core_waste)

Measure discarded paperboard yarn cores separately from yarn and plastic waste.

• Selected flow: Waste paperboard yarn core; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net mass dispatched as waste
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records

Waste polyethylene packaging film (preparation_plastic_film_waste)

Measure discarded polyethylene film separately from paperboard and yarn waste.

• Selected flow: Waste polyethylene packaging film; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net mass dispatched as waste
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records

Elementary flows

Uncaptured fibre dust to air (preparation_dust_to_air)

Record direct dust emissions only when they cross the site boundary to air; captured dust remains a waste flow.

• Selected flow: Particles (PM10) to air, site emission compartment; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured emission or calculated value from a documented control-device mass balance or approved factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process: Warp sizing and drying (sizing)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared warp yarn (prepared_warp_input)

Record the measured mass of warp yarn entering sizing and retain the link to its preparation lot.

• Selected flow: Prepared artificial staple-fibre warp yarn; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass entering sizing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Polyvinyl alcohol sizing agent (polyvinyl_alcohol_size)

Record polyvinyl alcohol only when it is an actual component of the warp-size recipe. Each other size component or auxiliary requires a separate atomic card.

• Selected flow: Polyvinyl alcohol cea707dd-98a3-451d-bc43-2dcc145091e9
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured recipe issue less recovered and returned quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process water for sizing (sizing_water)

Record metered fresh, reused, and recycled water separately and avoid double counting recovered size liquor.

• Selected flow: Process water; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered water delivered to sizing solution preparation, machine cleaning, and associated operations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Electricity for sizing (sizing_electricity)

Record electricity for size preparation, pumps, sizing machines, and electrically heated or driven equipment.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, declared grid; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered consumption or documented allocation from electricity meters
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Steam for sizing and drying (sizing_steam)

Record purchased or internally transferred steam delivered to the sizing process.

• Selected flow: Steam 293f9fd9-5182-4d35-8aa5-ce73d4f322b7
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered steam mass or calculated mass from calibrated condensate and documented losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Natural gas for direct sizing heat (sizing_natural_gas)

Record natural gas only when it is combusted for heat used by sizing or drying; do not combine it with steam.

• Selected flow: Natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured fuel volume converted to mass using documented gas conditions and density, or direct fuel-mass records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed. Recovered size returned from an external treatment system must be recorded separately with its upstream treatment dataset.

Elementary flows

Record site-specific water abstraction as an elementary input only when it is not represented by a supplied water product flow.

Outputs

Product flows

Sized warp yarn (sized_warp_output)

Record the conditioned mass transferred to weaving and calculate size add-on from dry yarn and sized-yarn records.

• Selected flow: Sized artificial staple-fibre warp yarn; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated conditioned mass transferred to weaving
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Waste flows

Warp sizing wastewater (sizing_wastewater)

Record sizing wastewater sent to treatment after subtracting documented internal reuse. Concentrated spent liquor is a separate card.

• Selected flow: Warp sizing wastewater 33617934-f2c0-4016-bb14-264de8396a2c
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered discharge volume multiplied by measured or documented density
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Spent polyvinyl-alcohol sizing liquor (spent_sizing_liquor)

Record a separately collected concentrated PVA sizing liquor only when it leaves the process independently from wastewater.

• Selected flow: Spent polyvinyl-alcohol sizing liquor; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net mass sent to recovery or treatment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air (sizing_nmvoc_to_air)

Record NMVOC emitted from sizing and drying when measured or calculated from collected activity data. Other emitted substances require separate atomic cards.

• Selected flow: Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a302-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured emission or calculated value from fuel use and a documented factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized warp output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process: Loom weaving and fabric inspection (weaving)

Inputs

Product flows

Artificial staple-fibre weaving yarn (weaving_yarn_input)

Record the aggregate mass of the same exact artificial staple-fibre yarn flow issued as warp and weft. Different yarn compositions require separate cards.

• Selected flow: Yarn (other than sewing thread) of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of such fibres, not put up for retail sale b2fccf4f-e4c4-4723-9e9b-ef0956abd0fc
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured yarn issued to looms adjusted for work-in-progress change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Loom electricity (weaving_electricity)

Record loom, compressed-air, local ventilation, and inspection electricity by submeter where possible.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, declared grid; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered or documented meter-allocated electricity for the weaving lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Loom lubricant (loom_lubricant)

Record lubricants deliberately consumed by loom and compressed-air systems and distinguish recovered waste oil.

• Selected flow: Textile loom lubricating oil, declared formulation; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: purchased or issued quantity less returned stock, allocated to the production lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed. Internally reused yarn ends must remain visible in the mass balance rather than being counted as a new virgin input.

Elementary flows

No category-specific elementary input is prescribed for the mechanical weaving step.

Outputs

Product flows

Inspected greige woven fabric (greige_fabric_output)

Record conditioned saleable greige mass after inspection. This row is the reference output only when no later finishing process is included.

• Selected flow: Woven fabrics of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of artificial staple fibres 7037e578-630a-4ba2-8768-7858df8a46aa
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net saleable greige fabric mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg reference fabric when weaving is the last included process
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output

Waste flows

Waste artificial staple-fibre yarn (weaving_yarn_waste)

Record yarn ends that leave weaving as waste, excluding material returned internally to the same process.

• Selected flow: Waste artificial staple-fibre yarn; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass leaving the weaving process, net of documented internal reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records

Waste woven artificial staple-fibre fabric (weaving_fabric_waste)

Record selvedge and off-grade greige fabric that leave weaving as waste separately from yarn waste.

• Selected flow: Waste woven artificial staple-fibre fabric; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass leaving the weaving process, net of documented internal reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records

Elementary flows

Uncaptured weaving dust to air (weaving_dust_to_air)

Record direct particulate emissions only when relevant and measured or calculable from site evidence.

• Selected flow: Particles (PM10) to air, site emission compartment; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured emission or calculated value from a documented collection-system mass balance
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg inspected greige fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Wet pretreatment and finishing (wet_pretreatment_and_finishing)

Inputs

Product flows

Greige woven fabric (finishing_fabric_input)

Record the conditioned greige mass and link it to the weaving lot or supplier dataset.

• Selected flow: Greige woven fabric of artificial staple fibres; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass entering the included finishing route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance

Wet-processing water (finishing_water)

Record fresh, reused, and recycled water separately for desizing, washing, dyeing, printing, coating preparation, and cleaning.

• Selected flow: Process water; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered gross water input by included wet process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Sodium hydroxide (sodium_hydroxide)

Record industrial-grade sodium hydroxide only when it is actually used in pretreatment or finishing; disclose supplied purity.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured recipe issue less recovered and returned quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Hydrogen peroxide solution (hydrogen_peroxide_solution)

Record one supplied hydrogen peroxide solution and its actual concentration when it is used; do not aggregate different concentrations.

• Selected flow: Hydrogen peroxide solution, declared concentration; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured recipe issue less recovered and returned quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Reactive dye formulation (reactive_dye)

Record one reactive-dye formulation per card with trade name, Colour Index identity, concentration, and recipe function.

• Selected flow: Reactive dye formulation, declared Colour Index identity; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured recipe issue less recovered and returned quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Sodium chloride (sodium_chloride)

Record sodium chloride separately when used as dyeing electrolyte.

• Selected flow: Sodium chloride a413ea86-0887-42c8-be77-3bee86d5863b
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured recipe issue less recovered and returned quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Electricity for wet processing and finishing (finishing_electricity)

Record electricity for baths, pumps, dryers, stenters, curing, and abatement equipment.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, declared grid; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered use or documented electricity-meter allocation by included finishing process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam for wet processing and finishing (finishing_steam)

Record purchased or internally transferred steam separately from electricity and fuels.

• Selected flow: Steam 293f9fd9-5182-4d35-8aa5-ce73d4f322b7
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered steam mass or calculated mass from calibrated condensate and documented losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Natural gas for direct finishing heat (finishing_natural_gas)

Record natural gas only when it is combusted for direct heating, drying, stentering, curing, or abatement.

• Selected flow: Natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured fuel volume converted to mass using documented gas conditions and density, or direct fuel-mass records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed. Off-site recovered chemical or water inputs must carry a linked recovery dataset.

Elementary flows

Record direct water abstraction or other natural-resource inputs when they cross the environment boundary rather than a supplied-product boundary.

Outputs

Product flows

Saleable finished woven fabric (finished_fabric_output)

Record conditioned net saleable mass after all included finishing and inspection. This row is the reference output when any finishing process is included.

• Selected flow: Woven fabrics of artificial staple fibres, containing 85% or more by weight of artificial staple fibres 7037e578-630a-4ba2-8768-7858df8a46aa
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net saleable finished fabric mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg reference fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output

Waste flows

Finishing wastewater (finishing_wastewater)

Record wastewater volume by stream, process origin, direct or indirect discharge route, reuse, and relevant measured pollutant parameters.

• Selected flow: Textile finishing wastewater; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered discharge after subtracting documented reuse and recycled water
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Textile wastewater-treatment sludge (finishing_sludge)

Measure dewatered sludge arising from treatment of the included textile wastewater and retain dry-matter and hazardous-status evidence.

• Selected flow: Textile wastewater-treatment sludge; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the included finishing operations, net of documented recovery
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Off-grade woven artificial staple-fibre fabric (offgrade_finished_fabric)

Measure off-grade finished fabric sent to recovery or treatment separately from sludge and wastewater.

• Selected flow: Off-grade woven artificial staple-fibre fabric; exact Tiangong UUID unresolved
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net mass leaving the included finishing operations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air (finishing_nmvoc_to_air)

Record NMVOC emitted from drying, stentering, curing, or other finishing steps when measured or calculated from collected activity data. Other emitted substances require separate atomic cards.

• Selected flow: Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a302-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured concentration times measured flow, or calculated value from collected fuel or chemical use and a documented factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg saleable finished fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Every additional site-relevant fuel, chemical formulation, packaging component, waste stream, or elementary emission must be represented by its own card with a unique row_id, one selected flow, and the actual foreground collection protocol. Do not reuse a listed UUID when the direct-read identity, grade, concentration, geography, state, or compartment does not match.

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision_first	Shared processes and utilities	Avoid allocation where possible by submetering, lot tracking, temporal subdivision, or physical separation of processes and utility systems.	eu-pef-method-2021; iso-14044-2006
allocation_physical_relation	Unavoidable multifunctionality	When subdivision or system expansion is not practicable, allocate inputs and outputs using a documented causal physical relationship, such as machine time, metered energy, bath volume, or mass throughput, that represents resource use.	eu-pef-method-2021; iso-14044-2006
allocation_other_relation	No defensible physical relation	Use another documented relationship, including economic allocation only as a last resort, and report the factor, prices, period, currency, and sensitivity to the choice.	eu-pef-method-2021; iso-14044-2006
allocation_recycling_and_waste	Internal reuse and saleable textile residues	Do not double count internally reused yarn, size, water, or fabric. Record recovered material once, disclose whether it remains waste or becomes a co-product, and link any off-site recycling or treatment dataset.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023; eu-pef-method-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_mass_balance	yarn_preparation_and_warping; sizing; weaving; wet_pretreatment_and_finishing	Yarn, intermediate fabric, work-in-progress, and losses	Scale records, material issue and return records, production reports	lot_id, material_id, fibre_composition, warp_or_weft, opening_mass, issued_mass, returned_mass, transfer_mass, closing_wip_mass, moisture_state	Calibrated scales reconciled to stores and lot production records	kg	Each lot with monthly reconciliation	At least 12 representative months or the full campaign when shorter	All facilities and outsourced operations under operational control	Sum by lot and process; normalize to net saleable reference output; retain work-in-progress adjustments	Scale calibration, supplier composition certificate, signed stock reconciliation, anomaly log
cp_product_output	weaving; wet_pretreatment_and_finishing	Saleable reference fabric	Final scale and inspection records	lot_id, gross_mass, excluded_packaging_mass, net_mass, width, area, mass_per_area, moisture_state, quality_grade, rejection_mass	Calibrated final weighing after declared conditioning and inspection	kg	Each roll or lot	Full reporting period	Every producing site	Sum net saleable output; select only one final process as quantitative reference	Scale calibration, inspection release, roll register, moisture or conditioning record
cp_energy_records	All included processes	Electricity, steam, and fuel	Submeters, utility invoices, boiler and fuel logs	meter_id, carrier, opening_reading, closing_reading, conversion_factor, allocation_driver, process_id, operating_hours	Direct metering preferred; otherwise documented allocation from a complete facility balance	kWh, MJ, kg fuel, or m3 fuel	Continuous or per batch; reconcile monthly	At least 12 representative months or full campaign	All included production and utility systems	Difference meter readings; subtract exported energy; allocate shared use only under section 7	Meter calibration, invoices, fuel lower-heating-value source, reconciliation
cp_chemical_records	yarn_preparation_and_warping; sizing; weaving; wet_pretreatment_and_finishing	Lubricants, sizing agents, dyes, and auxiliaries	Recipes, issue and return logs, stock records, safety and technical data sheets	chemical_id, trade_name, function, formulation_mass, concentration, issue_mass, return_mass, recovered_mass, batch_id	Weighed automatic dosing or reconciled stores issue	kg formulated product and kg active substance when known	Each batch with monthly stock reconciliation	Full reporting period	All included processes and contractors	Net use equals issued plus opening stock minus returned, recovered, and closing stock; retain formulation and active-substance views	Calibrated dosing record, recipe authorization, SDS/TDS, stock reconciliation
cp_water_and_wastewater	sizing; wet_pretreatment_and_finishing	Fresh, reused, recycled water and wastewater	Water meters, bath logs, discharge meters, laboratory results	source_or_stream, meter_id, volume, reuse_volume, temperature, process_id, discharge_route, sampling_time, concentration_by_parameter	Direct flow metering and representative compliant sampling at relevant stream locations	m3 and parameter-specific concentration units	Continuous or each batch; pollutant sampling at permit or method frequency	At least 12 representative months or full campaign	All included wet processes and treatment interfaces	Build process-level water balance; report gross intake, internal reuse, discharge, and pollutant mass separately	Meter calibration, sampling chain of custody, laboratory accreditation, water-balance closure
cp_waste_records	All included processes	Yarn, fabric, packaging, spent liquor, sludge, and waste oil	Weighbridge tickets, container weights, transfer notes	waste_id, material, process_origin, gross_mass, tare_mass, net_mass, hazardous_status, internal_reuse, treatment_route, destination	Direct weighing at generation or dispatch	kg	Each movement with monthly reconciliation	Full reporting period	All included processes	Sum net mass by type and route; subtract internal reuse only once	Calibrated scale, licensed transfer documentation, receiver evidence, stock reconciliation
cp_direct_emissions	All included processes	Direct air and water elementary flows	Stack tests, continuous monitors, flow meters, laboratory data, fuel and chemical records	substance, compartment, concentration, flow_rate, duration, control_status, method, detection_limit, factor_source	Measured concentration and flow preferred; otherwise calculation from collected activity data and a documented factor	kg substance and source measurement units	At applicable monitoring frequency and whenever recipes or controls materially change	Representative normal operation and disclosed abnormal periods	Every relevant emission point	Emission mass equals concentration times flow and time, or collected activity times documented factor; avoid duplication with waste-to-treatment flows	Accredited method, calibration, detection-limit treatment, operating-state record, factor reference

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	All foreground rows	normalized amount = reporting-period amount divided by net kg of saleable reference fabric from the selected final process	Collected flow amount; cp_product_output net saleable mass	Amount per 1 kg reference fabric	eu-pef-method-2021
calc_fibre_composition	Product category membership	artificial staple fibre percentage = artificial staple-fibre mass divided by total fibre mass times 100; use the applicable ISO 1833 preparation and calculation basis for analytical results and exclude non-fibrous matter as that method requires	Supplier certificates, bill of materials, ISO 1833 test result	Verified fibre composition percentage	un-cpc-3-0-2025; iso-1833-1-2020
calc_material_balance	Each process and production lot	opening inventory plus inputs equals outputs plus closing inventory plus recorded losses; investigate unexplained residuals rather than assigning them automatically	cp_material_mass_balance; cp_waste_records; cp_product_output	Process mass-balance report and residual	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023; eu-textiles-bat-conclusions-2022
calc_area_mass	Area-only roll records	fabric mass = measured area times lot-specific mass per unit area; use measured net mass when available	Area, width and length, measured mass per unit area	kg fabric
calc_water_pollutant_mass	Wastewater pollutants	pollutant mass = measured wastewater volume times representative concentration, with unit conversion and sampling coverage disclosed	cp_water_and_wastewater volume and concentration	kg pollutant per reporting period and per kg reference fabric	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023
calc_shared_utility_allocation	Shared utilities	allocate only the unmetered residual using the documented physical driver most closely related to consumption; reconcile allocated totals to the facility meter	Facility meter, submeters, operating hours, machine load, throughput	Process-level utility amount	eu-pef-method-2021

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Reference product and yarn inputs	Retain exact flow identities where resolved, fibre type, composition, lot, supplier, and production-route qualifiers; unresolved inventory UUID candidates must be reviewed before activation.	Tiangong exact reference-flow readback, supplier certificates, lot records
dq_temporal	Foreground activity data	Use a representative continuous 12-month period where production is ongoing, or the full campaign for shorter production; disclose shutdowns, abnormal batches, and seasonality.	Reporting-period coverage table and production log
dq_technology	Process and energy data	Match loom type, sizing system, wet-processing route, drying or curing equipment, abatement, and recycled-water configuration to the represented product.	Equipment register, process flow sheet, recipe and control records
dq_geography	Utilities and upstream datasets	Use the actual production geography and representative electricity, fuel, water, yarn, chemical, transport, and treatment datasets; document proxies.	Site address, supplier location, dataset metadata and proxy log
dq_completeness	Process inventory	Reconcile material, water, energy, chemical, wastewater, direct-emission, and waste records at process level; disclose exclusions and missing measurements.	Input-output inventory and reconciliation reports consistent with JRC BAT 2 and BAT 6 and the ISO 14044 inventory-analysis requirements
dq_precision	Measurements and calculations	Preserve meter resolution, calibration, sampling frequency, detection limits, formula inputs, allocation factors, and uncertainty or variability across lots.	Calibration records, laboratory reports, calculation workbook and anomaly log
dq_consistency	Multi-site or multi-product datasets	Apply identical reference state, units, process boundaries, allocation hierarchy, and calculation rules across sites and periods; document any deviation.	Method statement and cross-site consistency review

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	Require product flow UUID 7037e578-630a-4ba2-8768-7858df8a46aa, Mass flow property UUID 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, mass unit-group UUID 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and unit kg.
validate_composition_threshold	Category scope	Fail category conformance when artificial staple fibres are less than 85% of total fibre mass or the fibre denominator and applicable ISO 1833 test basis are not documented.	un-cpc-3-0-2025; iso-1833-1-2020
validate_required_qualifiers	Dataset metadata	Require all section 3 qualifiers, including fibre type, composition, construction, finished state, mass per unit area, moisture state, geography, and period.
validate_mass_balance	Foreground processes	Require a documented mass balance for every included process and investigate any unexplained residual before accepting the dataset.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023
validate_process_coverage	Process map	Require both required processes and every conditional process actually used to reach the declared market state; reject a finished-fabric claim that omits performed finishing operations.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023
validate_inventory_and_quality	Foreground inventory	Require process-level water, energy, material, chemical, wastewater, waste-gas, and solid-waste coverage where relevant, with temporal, technological, geographical, completeness, and precision evidence.	eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023; eu-pef-method-2021
validate_quantitative_reference	Final output	Exactly one output row, greige_fabric_output or finished_fabric_output, must be selected as the 1 kg quantitative reference according to the declared final market state.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for a declared woven artificial staple-fibre fabric and route
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after methodology and translation review
allowed_use	Cradle-to-gate or broader LCA models requiring representative factory-gate woven fabric with at least 85% artificial staple fibres, when geography, technology, composition, construction, and finish match
excluded_use	Synthetic-staple-fibre fabrics; fabrics below the 85% threshold; knitted, non-woven, tufted, special, or made-up textiles; use as a generic garment dataset; use without matching the declared finish and production route
required_metadata	PCR id and version when published; product-flow UUID; fibre type and composition; yarn origin; weave, width and mass per unit area; greige or finished state; included operations; geography; period; technology; allocation; upstream datasets; data owners; review status
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; meter and sampling coverage; mass-, water-, and energy-balance closure; temporal, technological, and geographical representativeness; completeness; precision; proxies; allocation factors; cut-offs; unresolved UUIDs
update_trigger	Change in dominant artificial fibre type, fibre composition crossing the 85% threshold, yarn source, loom or sizing technology, finish recipe, water or energy system, production geography, allocation method, emission controls, or material evidence and UUID resolution

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-2025	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 structure, code 26750, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Official category label and the 85% artificial-staple-fibre scope threshold
eu-jrc-textiles-bref-2023	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Textiles Industry, 2023, https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reference/textiles-industry (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Warping, sizing, weaving, and finishing process decomposition; input-output inventories; water, energy, chemical, wastewater, air-emission, and waste collection requirements
eu-pef-method-2021	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of the Environmental Footprint methods, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021H2279 (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Functional-unit and foreground-data framing, allocation hierarchy, normalization, and technological, geographical, temporal, completeness, and precision requirements
eu-textiles-bat-conclusions-2022	official_guidance	European Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2508 establishing BAT conclusions for the textiles industry, CELEX 32022D2508, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2022/2508/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-08-12)	BAT 2 input-output inventory and BAT 6 annual, preferably direct, process-level monitoring of water, energy, materials, wastewater, recovered materials, and wastes
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, including Amendments 1:2017 and 2:2020, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html (retrieved 2026-08-12)	Goal and scope, life-cycle inventory analysis, allocation, interpretation, reporting, and critical-review framing
iso-1833-1-2020	standard	ISO 1833-1:2020, Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis — Part 1: General principles of testing, https://www.iso.org/standard/74881.html (retrieved 2026-08-12)	Common preparation and calculation basis for quantitative fibre-composition analysis; use the applicable mixture-specific ISO 1833 part for the declared blend
zhang-et-al-2023-wet-processing	literature	Zhang, S. et al., Environmental assessment of fabric wet processing from gate-to-gate perspective: Comparative study of weaving and materials, Science of the Total Environment 857 (2023) 159495, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159495	Peer-reviewed full-text evidence for treating pretreatment, dyeing, washing, and finishing as distinct wet-processing contributors and for collecting primary energy, water, chemical, wastewater, and direct-emission inventories